독일의 경기지도자 양성 정책과 시사점

박성률(SungLyulPark) 한국체육학회 2013 한국체육학회지 Vol.52 No.1

이 연구는 독일의 경기지도자 양성 정책을 살펴봄으로써 미래 한국의 경기지도자 양성 제도의 개선과 더불어 새로운 스포츠 진흥책 수립을 위한 시사점을 제공하는 데 목적을 두고 있다. 연구 방법은 문헌연구방법을 실시하였으며, 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 독일의 경기지도자 양성 체계는 경기지도자의 전문성 정도에 따라 4단계 과정으로 나뉘어져 있으며, 등급에 따라 교육 목표와 내용에 차이를 두고 있다. 둘째, 독일의 경기지도자 양성 제도는 정해진 교육 과정의 이수는 물론 지속적인 재교육과 연수의 참가를 의무화하고 있다. 셋째, 독일의 경기지도자 양성 과정은 체육지도자자격지침서에 따라 독일올림픽체육회, 연방경기연맹, 주경기연맹 등 관련기관들의 유기적인 협력 하에서 운영되고 있다. 한국은 엘리트체육 발전에 근간이 되는 경기지도자 양성 제도의 개선을 위해 체계의 등급 세분화, 현장중심의 교육 과정 개발, 재교육 과정의 의무화, 관련기관 간의 유기적인 협력 체계 구축 그리고 경기지도자의 사회적 보장 및 대외적 위상 제고를 위한 제도 마련 등을 확립할 필요가 있다. This study has the purpose to provide suggestions for the establishment of a new sports promotion policy as well as the improvement of the training policy for the Korean sports leaders in the future by examining the training policy of German sports leaders. Literature review was performed for the research method and the results are as followings: First, the training policy of German sports leaders is divided into 4 stages according to the expertise levels of sports leaders and there are differences in educational goals and contents according to grades. Second, the training policy of the German sports leaders obligates not only the completion of the educational courses but also consistent re-education and participation in training. Third, the training course of the German sports leaders is operated under the organic cooperation of related institutions such as the German Olympic Organizing Committee, the Federal Sports Federation and the State Sports Federation in compliance with the guide for the sports leaders qualification. Korea is required to establish a policy for sub-division of a training policy for sports leaders, development of the educational course based on the field, obligation of the re-educational course, establishment of an organic cooperation system between related institutions and improvement of sports leaders` state in order to improve the training policy of sports leaders that are the foundation of elite sports development.

대학스포츠 지도자의 윤리적 회복에 관한 연구

김오균,박도헌 한국발육발달학회 2022 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.30 No.3

This study examined the difference in ethical awareness according to demographic characteristics of university sports leaders. In addition, the influence on the ethical consciousness of leaders, the ethical consciousness of the game situation, and the ethical consciousness of everyday situations was investigated. Based on this, the following conclusions were drawn by conducting an in-depth study on the unethical behavior of university sports leaders. First, according to the demographic and sociological characteristics of college sports leaders, the leader's ethical consciousness and the game situation ethical consciousness showed a difference at the level of p<.05 in the athletic experience and the daily situation ethical consciousness in the sports experience and coaching career. Second, a significant negative correlation was found at p<.01 in relationship with superiors and p<.05 in consideration of fellow players in the leader's ethical awareness of university sports leaders and the ethical awareness of the game situation. In ethical consciousness, a significant positive correlation was found at the p<.01 level with responsibility, courtesy and consideration, social norms, and loyalty. Third, it was found to have a significant effect at the level of p<.05 in the relative influence of the leader's ethical consciousness and the daily situation ethical consciousness on the university sports leader's ethical consciousness in the game situation. Fourth, it was found to have a significant effect at the level of p<.001 in the relative influence of the leader's ethical consciousness and the game situation ethical consciousness on the daily situation ethical consciousness of university sports leaders. Fifth, in the recognition of the unethical behavior of university sports leaders, there were many opinions that strong legal enactment is necessary to create a culture of integrity and continuous interest in the university sports environment in order to improve the ethical level of university sports leaders. In addition, there were many opinions that the environment needs to be improved, such as relieving the pressure on sports leaders about their performance and improving their treatment.

생활체육지도자의 장애인생활체육 접근에 관한 연구

구교만 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6

The purpose of this study was to review the actual training condition and the problem in approachment of sports for all leaders and to prepare basic information for enhancement of life-time sports for disabilities. Sports for all leaders who participated in the leader's courses for the National Sports for all leaders for disabilities in 2000, 2001, 2002 (n = 298) responded to a questionnaire. The tool was produced by researchers of the study as surveying questions with Sports for all leaders on reality and their understanding under advices of the professors in field of special physical education and of life-time sports leaders for disabilities. The data were reviewed for their general propensity through simple frequency analysis and percentages per item and results show as follows: First, accessibility of life-time sports for disabilities to Sports for all leaders is very difficult. Second, Sports for all leaders feel sincere necessity of their practical training for life-time sports for disabilities. Third, Sports for all leaders recognize need with law for the professional course for life-time sports for disabilities. Fourth, Sports for all leaders understand problems in life-time sports for disabilities are lack of facilities, programs, and professional leaders in order.

합리적 스포츠경영정보화를 위한 Leaders Bank System 구축 방안 Ⅲ

강준상(Kang Jun-Sang) 한국체육과학회 2007 한국체육과학회지 Vol.16 No.2

'Construction of leaders administration database model for sports management information' was suggested for the development of sports management information database and applicable software by Kang (2003). But this design had difficulty of addition of coding work. So Kang (2007) developed the concrete database model at the 'construction plans of leaders bank database for rational sports management information'. The aim of this study is to develope the application system and to manage the sports leaders rationally through the modification of existing database. 1. The main menu included main scene, pop-up menu and for the convenience of user, correction, deletion, addition, termination, name search and location search were distributed at the right side. Also it was possible to grasp the total sports leaders number. 2. The location was confirmed by the sstab key. Now it was possible to find the Seoul, Busan, Incheon, Daegu, Gwangju, Gyeonggi, Chungcheng, Gangwon, Jeolla, and Gyongsang. This study developed the efficient leaders policy, and application program through the national management of sports leaders. For this, preceding 2 database development articles were corrected and new applicable database program was developed. It is possible to reproduce the storage information. We input the basal data including the member number, name, ID number, e-mail, phone number, item of sports leader, and address. And these were locally distributed by the SQL and DBgrid. The local analysis and estimation of leaders, efficient real-time management of simple system, and suggestion of the basic material of sports leaders policy were possible by these databased information. Moreover subdivided local database could be acquired by SQL. The newly developed database enabled the detailed local sports leaders management, and if it connected to other area, broader meaning rational sports management information would be possible.

전문체육 지도자의 스포츠안전인식 관련 대응비(Odds Ratio)

이준화,원영신,정원정 한국사회체육학회 2020 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.79

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to verify the ratio and relevance of the reference group by calculating the odds ratio of the professional sports leaders to the spor tsafety cognition and related variables (coaching career, current team gender, and current team injury experience). Method: The data applied to the analysis is 119 professional sportse alders who participated in 2015 Sports Safety Accident Survey by Korea Sports Safety Foundation. In this study, the case control study design was applied to the analysis to calculate odds ratio for sports safety cognition by professional sports leaders. For the purpose of analyzing the factors affecting the characteristics of professional sports leaders, the research design for the Likelihood ratio (ratio difference) and Chi-square test (relevant verification) were performed. The design of 2X2 was applied to calculate the odds ratio with the reference group. Results: According to the analysis of sports safety cognition and related variables of professional sports leaders, firstly, Odds Ratio (OR) of awareness of the effect of sports safety education is 0.95, OR of awareness of necessity of sports safety education for athletes is 0.43, OR of awareness of Korea Sports Safety Foundation is 1.2 and OR of purchase sports insurance (mutual-aid) is0.54 for leaders who have more than 5 year s of coaching career. Secondly, OR of awareness of the effect osfp orts safety education is 1.61, OR of awar-e ness of necessity of sports safety education for athletes is 0.48, OR of awareness of awareness of Korea Sports Safety Foundation is 1.03 and OR of purchase sports insurance m(utual-aid) is 1.03 for leaders who coach both men and women. Thirdly, OR of awareness of the effect of sports safety education is 2.56, OR of awareness of necessity of sports safety education for athletes is 0.97, OR of awareness of awareness of Korea Sports Safety Foundation is 0.34 and OR of purchase sports insurance(mutual-aid) is 2.97 for leaders who have noninjury experience in current team. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is likely that a leader who has more than five years of coaching career, a leader who coaches both men & women and a leader who is aware of then jui ry of athletes recognize the impo-r tance of sports safety about 0.3 to 3 times higher in the entire 95% confidence interval.

체육지도자들의 자기관리 유형분석

신진화(Shin, Jin-Hwa) 한국체육과학회 2017 한국체육과학회지 Vol.26 No.3

This paper aims at analyzing sports leader"s views with Q-Method to put into a practical use of them as a basic materials with the purpose of nurturing sports leaders and developing their capabilities. First, sports leader"s self-management were classified with three types. Basing on the traits of factors, the types were named ‘TypeⅠ, education efficacy oriented type’, ‘TypeⅡ, gift development oriented type’, and ‘TypeⅢ, internal value oriented type’. Second, this paper analyzed the traits, classified with the types. The most respondents answered ‘Type Ⅰ, education efficacy oriented type’. ‘TypeⅠ, education efficacy oriented type’ showed the gift expected to general sports leaders who responded to education efficacy performed by the sports leaders. Sports-for-all leaders and expert sports leaders were of great importance. ‘Education efficacy oriented type’, ‘TypeⅡ, is conspicuous in freelancer sports leaders. It shows the efforts in the level of enhancing external self-value. ‘TypeⅢ, internal value oriented type’ finds the basis and reason of the self-management efforts at the inside. Sports lectures were of great importance. Third, this paper analyzed the items consensus to respective types. The respondents agreed positively on ‘grasping respective person"s traits in all leader groups and making great efforts in developing and leading proper programs, and agreed passively on ‘knowledges about sport5s law’. In conclusion, sports leader"s inclination to self-management arises from the type of leaders. They pursue the efforts in the actual or effective level, according to the trait of the affairs such a s leader"s role, responsibility and duty.

학교스포츠 경기지원체계에 관한 연구- 대학 경기지도자에 관한 규율을 중심으로 -

김용섭 한국스포츠엔터테인먼트법학회 2013 스포츠와 법 Vol.16 No.4

우리의 경우 학교스포츠 경기지원체계에 관한 법적 규율은 크게 학교체육진흥법의 적용을 받은 유치원 및 초·중등학교의 학교운동부지도자에 관한 규율과 대학스포츠총장협의회 정관 및 각 대학의 내부규정에 의한 운동부 감독, 코치 등 대학 경기지도자에 대한 규율로 대별할 수 있다. 본 연구의 중심적 고찰대상인 학교스포츠의 경기지원체계의 핵심은 대학 운동부 감독과 코치 등 경기지도자라고 할 수 있다. 아울러 대학스포츠의 교육적 기능을 제대로 수행하기 위해서는 대학 경기지도자의 리더십이 매우 중요하다. 경기에 지나치게 집착하여 학생의 수업을 도외시한 훈련에 몰두하는 것은 바람직하지 않기 때문이다. 그동안 대학 스포츠가 학교의 운동선수의 교육은 뒷전으로 하고 승부에 지나치게 집착하여 학습권을 제대로 보장되지 않은 채 대회출전에 급급한 실정이었다. 대학 스포츠는 그동안 엘리트 스포츠 중심의 성과 중심의 스포츠에서 생활스포츠 나아가 공부하면서 운동을 병행하는 바람직한 대학 스포츠로 패러다임의 변화를 모색할 단계에 이르렀다. 이와 같이 대학의 교육과 연계된 스포츠 활동 속에서 경기력의 중심만이 아닌 학업과 경기를 병진 발전하는 시스템으로 변화시켜 나가기 위해서는 무엇보다 대학의 운동부에 소속된 감독과 코치 등 경기지도자의 역할이 매우 중요하다. 학생운동선수들의 연습시간도 경기지도자인 감독의 재량에 따라 학교별로 달리 운영되어 왔으며 합숙훈련 등 개인의 자율적인 수업을 할 수 있는 여건을 마련하고 있지 못한 실정이다. 따라서 앞으로 대학운동선수의 학습권 보장과 대학스포츠의 활성화라고 하는 양 가치를 조화롭게 실현해 나갈 필요가 있다. 따라서 경기지원체계와 관련한 대학스포츠운영규정안을 제정할 경우 구체적으로 체육부의 설치와 경기지도자의 임무, 경기지도자의 자격과 채용계약서, 경기지도자의 처우 및 급여 등, 합숙소의설치근거와 운영의 합리성, 경기지도자의 의무와 윤리서약서, 포상과 경기지도자관리지침 등 대학스포츠 경기지원체계 전반에 걸친 법적규율의 필요성에 대하여 검토하고, 대학스포츠운영규정 중 대학스포츠 경기지원체계에 관한 표준규정안을 제시하기로 한다. In Korea, the legal rules for support system for school sports are divided broadly into 2 chapters: one is the rules for the leaders of sports teams of kindrgartens, elementary, middle and high schools under the School Sports Promotion Act, and the other is the articles of incorporation of the Council of College Presidents for Sports and the internal rules of each college for the sports leaders of college sports including directors (head coach), coaches, etc. The support system for school sports on which this study focuses is mainly related to the college sports leaders such as directors, coaches, etc. In order for college sports to properly perform the function of education, leadership of such sports leaders are very important. Excessive concentration on training sticking to the outcome of sports disregarding classes of students is not desirable. Till now, colleges have not regarded classes of their athletes without guaranteeing their rights to classes, but have striven to force them to attend matches excessively sticking to outcomes. Now, however, college sport is changing and innovating. Its paradigm is changing in a desirable direction from elite sports and outcome-oriented sports to the concept of sport-for-all in which college sportsmen are allowed to attend both class and training. In order to escape from the performance-oriented college sports to advance to the system of harmonizing learning and sport, roles of the leaders such as directors, coaches, etc. belonging to college sport teams are very important above all. Training hours of college sportsmen have been unilaterally decided by sport team directors at their discretion, and camp training has frequently prevented college sportsmen from attending classes. Accordingly, it is required in future to harmonize both values of guaranteeing their rights to class and invigorating college sports. Accordingly, when the college sports operation rule is enacted in connection with support system for college sports, it is required to study and specifically provide for the whole support system for college sports such as establishment of sports department, duties and qualifications of sports team leaders, employment contract, salaries and fringe benefits of sports team leaders, grounds for setup of training camp and its operation, responsibilities and ethics pledge of sports team leaders, prizing and sport leader management guidelines, etc.

사회(생활)체육지도자 양성제도 개선 방안에 관한 연구

권연택(Yeon Teak Kwon) 한국사회체육학회 2005 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.23

The purpose of this study is to suggest the improvement plan to cultivation system for training for sports & leisure leader. For this purpose, this study analyzed the present situation of cultivation system of sports & leisure leader with compare same studies ago. First, the sports & leisure leader is cultivated to perform the task of each position step for sports & leisure activities which is the executive leader, management leader, personal leader and reorganization curriculum from department parts of sports & leisure in each university through in sports & leisure field, sports science field, sports industrial . management·information field as a result construction to professionalist of variety sports & leisure leader. Second, the concrete means must be presented to raise the people concern and understanding over the sports & leisure. Provided the social atmosphere the leader to be respected by means of the complete accomplishment of their social role. Training institute is simple retraining for sports & leisure leader place. Third, the necessary make to professional job of improvement plan to sports & leisure leader that people consciously reformation about health promotion first thing. Follow in charges awake of administration and system from government through in professionalist establish and guarantee position and establish of pay system.

Professional Socialization and Glass Ceiling Perceived by Women Sports Leaders Working in Sports Centers in South Korea

양재영 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 2023 Asian Women Vol.39 No.2

The purpose of this study is to explore the biographical understanding of professional socialization and the glass ceiling through occupational socialization theory as perceived by women sports leaders working in sports centers and to provide improvement plans accordingly. Participants consisted of six women sports leaders working at sports centers in metropolitan cities of South Korea (two in taekwondo, two in pilates, one in yoga, and one in fitness; one in her 50s, two in their 40s, and three in their 30s). Data collection was conducted using one-on-one semi-structured interviews, observations, and field notes, and the collected data were analyzed using constant comparative analysis. A result was that the women sports leaders experienced gender-discriminatory behaviors and male-centered culture in the field of physical education from childhood, which acted as a temporary obstacle to their occupational choice as a sports leader. Further, such gender-discriminatory experiences continued in the stage of professional development as well as in the current position, functioning as an impediment factor in enhancing their professionalism and status. The experiences were divided into five key themes as follows: (1) sports activity in childhood and career milestones, (2) professional development and limitations as a woman sports leader, (3) discrimination and injustice against women sports leaders in sports centers, (4) institutional inequality against women’s labor in sports centers, and (5) lack of sports infrastructure and governmental policy support for women. Implications and plans for improving the occupational stability, professionalism, and promotion of women sports leaders were discussed in detail.

Analysis of the Perception of Leaders and Participants for the VALUE Creation of Sports for All in Urban Society

Sungho Nam,이재범,Jungmin Oh J-INSTITUTE 2020 International Journal of Human & Disaster Vol.5 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present a policy plan for the activation of life sports through the sur-vey of participants and leaders about Sports for All in urban society. Method: The subjects of the study were sampled by 309 participants and 151 leaders in 25 districts of Seoul, Korea, and the sampling method was based on the convenience sampling and judgmental sampling. For this, conducted frequency analysis and technical analysis on Sports for All program, information and publicity provi-sion, awareness of leaders, Sports for All facilities by dividing them into life sports participants and leaders fol-lowed by comparison and evaluation. And the independent‐sample t-test was performed to examine the aware-ness difference between the two groups. Results: First, as for an activation plan for Sports for All program, it is necessary to secure diversity according to sport events, to construct a program according to local characteristics, and to gradually improve physical and mental factors. Second, as for an activation plan for information and public relations of Sports for All, it is neces-sary to expand the participation of potential sports enthusiasts by establishing/operating a life sports infor-mation support system, providing personalized information, and diversifying public relations media. Third, as for an activation plan for activation of Sports for All leaders, this suggested the establishment of institutions for the training of high quality leaders, the institutionalization of free discussion time, the investment of continuous lead-er education, and the efforts to improve the treatment of diverse leaders. Fourth, as for an activation plan for ac-tivation of Sports for All facilities, this suggested the expansion of auxiliary facilities and major facilities, the im-provement of accessibility to Sports for All facilities, and the development of developed country type life sports. Conclusion: These results are expected to be provided as useful data for increasing the quality of Sports for All and enhancing participation rate. Furthermore, it is expected that they will be the important data for establishing a policy plan to improve citizen's health and quality of life in urban industrial society.