중국의 재난위험 정보유통에 관한 사례 연구

최충익,이성 한국유통과학회 2016 유통과학연구 Vol.14 No.4

Purpose– This article aims to explore the characteristics of disaster risk distribution information in China. Also, this research attempts to analyze the findings of risk communication using case study in chronological order in terms of social amplification of risk. To achieve the purpose, the paper reviews the trends and issues of risk communication in China, with an emphasis on examining earthquakes by a chronological approach. In these regards, we hope that some relevant findings from this empirical study with cases will be able to enhance national risk communication and provide implications in Korea as well. Research design, data, and methodology– The conceptual framework of this study is theoretically based on the risk amplification model, which describes signals about risk transmitted and processed by individuals and social groups. The social amplification of risk also reflects the interactions of social groups about disaster-related risk issues, which are potential amplifiers or attenuators of communication signals. The key concept of social amplification implies that the risks pertaining to natural disasters interact with social, psychological, institutional, and cultural processes in ways that can affect public perceptions of risk. SMCRE Model is methodologically employed to examine risk communication history of China with the focus on natural disaster. Four earthquakes are selected to figure out the chronological characteristics of risk communication since 1970s. He bei Tang Shan earthquake is selected as an example disaster before 1990’s, while the earthquake in Yun Nan Jiang is explored for the case study of 1990’s. The earthquake in Si Chuan Wen Chuan is also examined as a example disaster of 2000’s. The recent earthquake in Si Chuan Ya An Lu Shan is selected as a case of 2010s. Results– SMCRE model in this case study is operationally defined as a methodology and applied to the four earthquakes occurred in China. SMCRE model describes the exchange of risk information and is also applied to all forms of communication between stake holders. Each factor of risk communication includes source, message, channel, receiver and effect. It is notable that a big progress has been made on disaster risk communication in China for the past 40 years. We also found that highly developed information technology has enabled Chinese society to better cope with natural disaster, leading to enhanced disaster risk communication. It is mainly found from case study that the disaster risk communication of China has been involved with political situation, which derived from the change of government for the past 40 years. Conclusion– From this historical research, it can be inferred that the policies and politics of Chinese leaders have had a more critical role to play in the process of source of risk communication than those of any other countries. The results of this paper also support that the effective risk communication involves not only the improved reliability of local government as a key factor of disaster risk communication, but also is accompanied by international cooperation for substantial collaboration with stake holders.

메르스 위험정보유통의 사회적 확산에 관한 SMCRE 모형의 적용과 함의

최충익,배숙경,김철민 한국유통과학회 2016 유통과학연구 Vol.14 No.6

Purpose – This article tackles risk communication issues and aims to address the characteristics of MERS risk information distribution in South Korea, and secondly to examine the communicative behavior of the public health authority in terms of the quality of communication strategies. Thirdly, the study attempts to figure out the risk communication to cope with MERS through the applications of SMCRE model in chronological order. We employ the social amplification of risk framework for analyzing the emergent public response as one of the main approaches. Research Design, Data and Methodology – The main framework of this study is theoretically based on the social amplification of risk, which describes signals about risk transmitted and processed by individuals and social groups. The model also reflects the interactions between social groups and institutes about disaster-related risk issues, which are potential amplifiers or attenuators of communication signals. S-M-C-R-E Model is methodologically employed to examine the social amplification for MERS risk information in each period, which we defined operationally. The proposed methodology allows the assessment of effectiveness and ineffectiveness on risk communication to be conceptualized as a countermeasure against disasters. The paper focuses on exploring how social risk amplification can be applied and organized in each stage. Results – The SMCRE model describes the exchange of risk information and is also applied to all forms of communication between stakeholders including public health authority, local government and media. Each factor of risk communication includes source, message, channel, receiver and effect. The results support that the effective risk communication involves not only the improved reliability of public health authority as a key factor of risk communication, but also a close cooperation and good collaboration with local governments. It does not seem to be possible that the government-initiated risk communication based on controllability and management cope effectively with infectious disease in early stage. The results of this study imply that the shared risks between local, regional and national authorities can enhance risk communication system. Conclusions – The study supports that the disparities in how disaster-related risk information is interpreted and coded, have made effective risk communication and public sense-making impeded. Our findings support a more communicative discussion about the role of risk information sharing between governments for the improvement of emergency management and underline the importance of social elements in the risk communication, such as relationship and trust building. Findings suggest that trust building between stakeholders could be added to help explain the processes of social amplification and attenuation of risk. It would be recommended that the continuous risk communication with all the involved stakeholders will be able to help national health promotion policy to be improved regarding emergency management. Furthermore, risk communication has to be a scientific approach for the communication pertaining to potentially sensitive or controversial situations with public concerns and low public trust.

A Study for RISK Communication Plans in a DISASTER Situation

Song Eu-gene,Yoo Hyun-jung J-INSTITUTE 2016 International Journal of Human & Disaster Vol.1 No.2

In today s modern society, risk applies to all people regardless of their social positions. Faced by a risk, the general public is exposed to various pieces of information about the risk intentionally or unintentionally and deals with it in various ways according to the risk information including eliminating and avoiding it. In a disas-ter situation, it is the best option to deliver the risk information to the general public in a fast and accurate manner, thus minimizing additional risky situations and preventing social confusion. This study thus set out to search for risk communication plans for the government agencies to deliver the right risk information to the general public in an effective manner in a disaster situation by examining theories about risk communication and information. First, it is critical to provide the accurate information as fast as possible in a disaster situation. When inaccurate information is provided fast, it can have adverse effects on the risk management of general public, which means that a focus should be placed on accuracy rather than speed. In a disaster situation, people first get disaster information through various sources and develop a prejudice against risk based on the primary risk information that they are exposed to. Their prejudices are under the easy influence of past experiences, reference groups, and pioneers and their opinions regardless of risk. Second, it is necessary to manage information thoroughly when a warning message is delivered to the public in a disaster situation. Thorough management is required for warning messages spread via the press, Internet, and SNS. It also found that they would accept the information of warning messages regardless of their reliability, thus im-plying that rumor-like information with uncertain sources and grounds could result in huge social ramifications. Third, it is important to inform the general public of methods to cope with and manage a risk in a disaster situ-ation through prognostic framing in case of risk communication so that their perception(anxiety) of objective and subjective risk can be put to rest. when risk communication continued to provide information through di-agnostic framing, individuals would have excessive risk and anxiety awareness and thus cause a social amplifi-cation. It is important to inform the general public of methods to cope with and manage a risk in a disaster situation through prognostic framing so that their perception(anxiety) of objective and subjective risk can be put to rest. Finally, risk information should be delivered in a concise manner with a focus on the core content. When exposed to excessive information, common people get to experience fatigue about information and therefore undergo a judgment heuristic process to avoid useful information consciously. It is thus critical to deliver useful information to the general public in a concise manner. When the general public deals with a risk in a proper fashion through effective risk communication, it can generate various positive effects including the reduced social confusion, cost savings, and image improvement as well as safe personal life.

‘위혐사회’의 위험소통방식 변화 : 세월호 참사의 언론보도를 중심으로

유경한 한국문화융합학회 2019 문화와 융합 Vol.41 No.4

This Study aims to provide a venue for discussing how to understand the resources of communication in the face of risk society. For doing so, the study try to analyze news articles on risk with a focus on risk communication. The study establishes two research questions and combination of two research methods to analyze the news related to the Sewol ferry disaster. First, Keyword network analysis showed that the Sewol ferry disaster was not a single, but multiple incidents reproducing and spreading to related issues in the network, which differs from the patterns found in other similar disasters. Second, the textual analysis found that risk-related victim reports, combined with scientific and technological discourse, have the potential to visually objectify victims, or avoid journalism ethics with technical problems. Furthermore, these reports have the problem of blaming and victimizing victims in combination with other hate discourses. Such reports contribute to cover up risks by creating a new conflict, rather than resolving the risks. In conclusion, the study found a clue that Korean society shifts a “risk hatred society” in which risk and disgust are linked and segmented into one network form. From these findings, this study suggests the necessity of a new way of risk communication for responding a new culture of risk, as risk are formed as a broad hatred network in combination with daily hatred, and spread to collective violence in the “risk hatred society.”

환경문제의 위해도 인식과 위해도 홍보 프로그램의 효과분석 : 라돈과 다이옥신을 중심으로

김진용,신동천,박성은,임영욱,황만식 한국환경독성학회 2002 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Risk communication can he defined as the exchange of information about the nature, magnitude, significance, acceptability, and management of risk. The effect of risk communication on the perception and knowledge towards risk of environmental pollutants and it's related factors were investigated in this study. To investigate perception and knowledge of students and teachers towards risk of environmental pollutants, we conducted the survey using self-administrated questionnaire, The subjects were 574 for the first survey and 465 for the seconds survey from May to June, 2000. The main methods of transmission used in this study-through video tape, visual materials, question and answer, and participation in measuring pollutants-were not a one-way street. But an interactive process where information and opinions were exchanged among individuals, groups, and institutions. Environmental pollutants measured with participation of study subjects was Radon in the class room. The concentration of Radon was measured using E-PERM Device by installing it at each site for about 5 days. Subjects showed much interest in environmental pollution. Also, more than 98% of total subjects were perceived as Korea is seriously contaminated at present. By risk communication activity, risk perception of all subjects about Radon was increased, on the other hand, risk perception of Dioxin was decreased except for elementary student. Moreover, knowledge of all subjects about environmental risk was significantly increased(p= 0.0001) and effort of reducing environmental pollution was more increased (p<0.05). There is need to further develop, refine, and integrate these approaches environmental risk communication study, there is an even more pressing need to accelerate the diffusion of environmental risk communication practice into government and organizations.

하천재해예방사업의 성과에 미치는 리스크 영향요인

조진호,김병수 대한토목학회 2020 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.40 No.4

건설프로젝트 특성은 기획단계에서부터 목적물이 완공될 때까지 다양한 이해관계자의 참여가 수반되며, 이러한 특성은 불확실성을 높이는 원인이 된다. 건설프로젝트 성공을 위해서는 리스크에 대한 분석과 적절한 대응이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 건설프로젝트 중 하천재해예방사업의 성공을 위한 리스크 관리요인의 영향력과 시공과정에서 관련된 이해관계자 간의 커뮤니케이션 조절효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 시공과정의 리스크 관리요인의 도출은 델파이기법과 설문조사는 스노우볼 샘플링 방법을 그리고 분석은 SPSS Statistic 20과 SmartPLS 2.0을 이용하였다. 연구결과, 프로젝트 성과에 대한 리스크 관리 요소의 영향력은 공기리스크, 품질리스크, 원가리스크, 안전리스크, 건설환경리스크 순으로 나타났다. 또한, 커뮤니케이션 조절효과의 영향력은 원가리스크, 품질리스크, 건설환경리스크, 공기리스크, 안전리스크 순으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 하천재해예방사업 관련 이해관계자 간의 커뮤니케이션은 프로젝트성과에 미치는 영향력의 순위를 바꿀 만큼 조절효과가 있다는 것을 확인할 수있었다. 이는 하천재해예방사업 시공과정에서 커뮤니케이션의 중요성을 보여주는 결과이다. 본 연구는 하천재해예방사업의 리스크 관리요인과 커뮤니케이션의 중요성을 규명했다는 점에서 중요한 의의를 가진다. The characteristics of the construction project involved various stakeholders’ involvement from the planning stage until completion of the object, which caused the uncertainty to increase. Successful construction projects require risk analysis and appropriate responses. Therefore, this study aimed to confirm the influence of risk management factors on the success of river disaster prevention construction in construction projects and the effect of moderating communication between stakeholders involved in the construction process. The Delphi method was used to derive the risk management factors of the construction process. The survey used a snow ball sampling method. For analysis, SPSS Statistic 20 and SmartPLS 2.0 were used. As a result of the study, the impact of risk management factors on project performance was found to be large in the order of time risk, quality risk, cost risk, safety risk, and construction environment risk. In addition, the impact of the communication moderating effect was large in the order of cost risk, quality risk, construction environment risk, time risk, and safety risk. In this study, it was confirmed that communication between stakeholders related to river disaster prevention work has a moderating effect that changes the ranking of impacts on project performance. This shows theimportance of communication in the construction process of river disaster prevention works. This study has important significance in that it identifies the importance of risk management factors and communication in river disaster prevention works.

ESG 리스크 유형에 따른 기업 커뮤니케이션 전략 탐색

신별,김가람,조수영 한국광고홍보학회 2023 한국광고홍보학보 Vol.25 No.4

최근 ESG 리스크의 관리 및 커뮤니케이션의 중요성이 커지고 있다. 본 연구는 ESG 리스크 유형에 따라 공중의 부정적 행동에 차이가 있는지, ESG 리스크 유형별로 적절한 커뮤니케이션 전략은 무엇인지 확인하였다. 구체적으로, ESG 요인(E/S/G)과 ESG 리스크 원인(능력 vs. 도덕성)에 따라 구분된 ESG 리스크 유형에 따라 공중의 온라인 공격행동, 관계전환의도, 불매의도에 차이가 있는지 확인하고 그 과정에서 사전 기업명성인 CA(corporate ability)명성과 CSR(corporate social responsibility) 명성, 기업의 혼합 대응전략(사과+정당화 vs. 사과+입지강화)의 조절효과가 나타나는지 검증하였다. 연구결과에 따르면, 환경(E)리스크보다 사회(S)리스크에서 관계전환의도와 불매의도가 높게 나타났으며, ESG 리스크 원인이 능력일 때보다 도덕성일 때 온라인 공격행동, 관계전환의도, 불매의도가 모두 높게 나타났다. CSR명성은 사회 리스크와 지배구조(G) 리스크에 대한 온라인 공격행동과 불매의도를 완화하는 효과가 있었다. 또한, ESG 리스크 원인이 도덕성일 때보다 능력일 때 CSR명성이 관계전환의도와 불매의도를 낮추는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 도덕성원인+환경리스크와 능력원인+ 지배구조 리스크에서는 사과+입지강화 전략이 온라인 공격행동을 완화하는 효과가 있었다. 능력보다는 도덕성이 원인인 ESG 리스크에서 사과+입지강화 전략이 관계전환의도를 낮추는데 효과적이었다. 본 연구는 ESG 커뮤니케이션 연구의 영역을 확장하고, ESG 리스크에 대한 대응과 관련해 기업이 참고할 수 있는 실용적 자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. This study aimed to find out whether the public’s negative behaviors differ according to the types of ESG risk. In addition, we tried to identify effective communication strategies that can relieve public’s negative behaviors. The study classified ESG risk types according to ESG factors(E/S/G) and causes of ESG risks(competence vs. morality). Dependent variables include public’s online offense, intention to switch the relationship, and boycott intention. Moderating variables include prior corporate reputations(CA reputation, CSR reputation) and mixed crisis communication strategies(apology+justification vs. apology+bolstering). Results showed that intention to switch relationship and boycott intention were higher in social risk than environmental risk. Online offense, intention to switch relationship, and boycott intention were higher when the cause of ESG risk was morality than competence. CSR reputation was effective reducing online offense and boycott intention in social and governance risks. In addition, it was found that CSR reputation lowered intention to switch relationships and boycott intention when the cause of ESG risk competence. Finally, apology+bolstering strategy was effective reducing online offence in morality+environmental risk and governance+competence risk. Apology+bolstering strategy was also effective lowering intention to switch relationship in morality risk rather than competence risk. This study tried to expand the scope of ESG communication research field by empirically testing public behaviors on ESG risks, and to provide practical advices companies refer to.

환경법상 리스크 관리와 리스크 커뮤니케이션에 관한 연구

김은주 ( Eun Ju Kim ) 한국환경법학회 2014 環境法 硏究 Vol.36 No.3

리스크 커뮤니케이션은 리스크의 존재, 성질, 형태, 심각성 및 수용가능성 등에 관한 이해관계인 간의 양방향 커뮤니케이션으로 정의될 수 있다. 또한 리스크 커뮤니케이션은 일반공중이 행정결정 과정에 참여한다는 점에서 공중참여의 한 형태라 할 수 있다. 전통적인 대의 민주주의 하에서 일반공중은 통상 선거를 통해 정치에 참여하게 되고 자신에게 영향을 미치는 리스크 관리와 관련된 행정결정에 직접적으로 참여할 수 있는 충분한 기회를 가질 수 없다. 이러한 이유에서 리스크 관리와 관련된 행정작용의 정당성 확보를 위한 민주적 절차와 공중참여가 주장되고 있다. 리스크 관리는 ① 어떤 위해성 요소가 사회가 수용할 수 있는 것 이상의 위험을 발생시키는지를 결정하고 ② 어떤 규율 방법이 적용가능한지를 고려하며 ③ 수용할 수 없는 리스크를 감소시키거나 제거할 수 있는 적절한 작용을 결정하는 것을 주요 내용으로 한다. 이 과정 속에서 리스크 커뮤니케이션은 리스크 문제에 관해 일반공중에 더 많은 정보를 제공하고 리스크 관리에 공중의 참여를 확대시키는 일련의 작용들을 뒷받침한다. 다른 행정영역에서와 마찬가지로 리스크 관리에서의 공중참여도 많은 이론적 발전을 거쳐 왔다. 즉, 초기 공중참여가 공중이 전문가의 판단을 받아들이도록 설득하는 일방향 커뮤니케이션을 중심으로 전개되었다면 오늘날 리스크 관리에서의 공중참여는 공적 결정과정에 일반공중의 참여가 이루어지고 상호 이해와 합의를 도출하기 위한 양방향 커뮤니케이션을 중심으로 전개되고 있다. 또한 리스크 커뮤니케이션을 위해 참여 프로그램, 정보캠페인, 측정 캠페인, 교육 프로젝트 등의 방법이 이용된다. 우리 환경법은 리스크 및 리스크평가에 관한 개념규정과 사전예방의 원칙을 포함하는 규정을 두고 있다. 또한 행정규칙을 통해 리스크 평가 및 관리와 관련된 원칙적 규정들을 두고 있다. 그러나 리스크 커뮤니케이션에 관하여는 정보제공, 공청회, 의견제출 등의 전통적인 참여절차에 머물러있다. 따라서 형행법상 리스크 커뮤니케이션을 위한 제도들은 숙의적 과정을 가능하게 하고 행정결정의 질을 향상시키는 데 기여할 수 있도록 보완이 요구된다. Risk communication is defined as any two-way communication between stakeholders about the existence, nature, form, severity, or acceptability of risks. Also, risk communication is one form of public participation, in that citizens participate in the decision making process. Under the traditional theory of democracy, public participation can occur by representative vote. But for the individual affected by risk management, participation is important, not in the sense of giving ordinary citizens a chance to be heard, but in the sense that their representatives should have the time and space to present their contrasting positions fully and accurately. The essential tasks of risk management are to (1) determine what hazards present more danger than society is willing to accept; (2) consider what control options are available; and (3) decide on appropriate actions to reduce unacceptable risks. Risk communication covers a range of activities directed at increasing the public`s knowledge of risk issues and participation in risk management. Many risk communication studies have discussed the importance of democratic procedure. Such studies have emphasized two-way process of reaching mutual understanding or consensus rather than one-way one aimed towards persuading the public to accept the experts` judgements. Several possible techniques(participation program, informational campaigns, educational projects, etc) are available for communicating with stakeholders. Though there appears to be no clear definition of the term “risk”, several environmental laws have the provisions for “risk” or “risk assessment”. Also the precautionary principle has been recognised in several environmental laws. But most common methods for the risk communication are information disclosure requirements, public hearings, and public comment periods. While these are important and necessary tools for information exchange, they are unsatisfactory approaches to promote effective public participation in risk related decision-making.

식품위험 커뮤니케이션 전략의 소비자친화적 설계 방안 연구

사지연(Jee Yeon Sah),여정성(Jung Sung Yeo) 위기관리 이론과 실천 2020 Crisisonomy Vol.16 No.5

본 연구는 소비자의 주관적 위험 평가와 인식, 그리고 커뮤니케이션 수요를 바탕으로 한 식품 위험 커뮤니케이션 전략의 설계 방법을 제안하였다. 제안된 모델의 실효성을 검증하기 위해 연구는 50세 이하 유자녀 기혼여성 576명을 대상으로 식품위험에 관한 소비자조사를 실시하였다. 분석결과, 연구가 제시한 12개의 식품위험사례들은 소비자의 주관적 위험평가와 인식 조사결과를 바탕으로 4개의 서로 다른 유형으로 구분되었으며, 이들 유형에 대한 소비자의 커뮤니케이션 수요를 바탕으로 각각의 유형에 요구되는 커뮤니케이션 전략이 제안되었다. 결과는 소비자의 주관적 인식과 수요에 근거하여 위험 커뮤니케이션 전략을 설계하는 것이 결코 비이성적이지 않으며, 오히려 부적절한 커뮤니케이션 노력으로 인해 발생할 수 있는 비효율 문제를 해결해 줄 수 있음을 확인시켜주었다. 이후 정부가 다양한 소비자 안전문제를 포괄하는 전국규모의 소비자조사를 실시하고 그 결과를 바탕으로 범정부 차원의 위험 커뮤니케이션 방향성을 설계하는 등 소비자의 인식과 수요에 근거한 접근전략을 통해 위험 커뮤니케이션의 효과를 극대화 할 수 있기를 기대하는 바이다. In this study, we proposed a designing method of food risk communication strategy based on consumers’ subjective risk assessment, perception, and communication needs. To verify the significance of the proposed model, we conducted a consumer survey on food risk targeting 576 married women with children who are under age 50. We classified 12 food risk cases into four different types based on consumers’ risk assessment and perception, and then matched communication strategies with each of the four types considering consumers’ communication needs. The result showed that designing the risk communication strategies based on consumers’ subjective perception is not irrational but efficient to prevent unnecessary costs due to inappropriate communication efforts. This study highlights the need of a national-scale consumer survey on various risk cases since the survey results could inform the direction of government policies on consumer-friendly risk communication.

위험커뮤니케이션 노출 유형에 따른 소비자의 위험인식, 위험정보수용, 안전태도, 안전행동에 관한 연구 - 소비자위험정보 수용모델을 적용하여 -

송유진 한국소비자정책교육학회 2019 소비자정책교육연구 Vol.15 No.2

위험커뮤니케이션은 현대사회를 살아가는 소비자들에게 위험에 대한 진단과 대처방법을 제공함으로써 소비자들 이 안심하고 일상생활을 영위하게 해주는 중요한 사회적 장치이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 소비자위험정보 수용모델 을 적용하여 위험커뮤니케이션 유형에 따른 소비자의 반응을 살펴보고, 소비자위험정보 수용모델을 검증함으로써 소비자가 안전한 소비생활을 영위하기 위한 위험커뮤니케이션 방안을 모색해 보고자 위험커뮤니케이션 노출 유형 을 진단메시지유형과 예후메시지 노출여부에 따라 4개 집단으로 구분하고 각 집단별로 300명 내외로 표본을 구 성한 후 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 진단메시지의 유형, 예후메시지 노출여부에 관계 없이 위험커뮤니케이션에 노출되기 후의 위험인식 수준이 노출되기 전의 위험인식 수준보다 높게 나타났다. 이는 진단메시지의 유형에 관계없이 특정 대상이 이슈화되는 것 자체가 소비자의 위험인식을 향상시킬 수 있다 점을 시사한다. 둘째, 안심메시지가 제공된 집단과 위험메시지가 제공된 집단 모두 예후메시지에 노출된 집단이 노출 되지 않은 집단에 비해 위험인식이 높게 나타났으며, 위험커뮤니케이션 노출 전과 후의 위험인식의 변화량의 차 이를 검증한 결과 역시 예후메시지에 노출된 집단이 그렇지 않은 집단에 비해 위험인식이 크게 높아진 것으로 나 타났다. 따라서 위험평가 결과 안전하다는 진단이 내려진 경우에는 소비자를 대상으로 위험커뮤니케이션을 진행 할 때, 예후메시지(prognosis message)를 최소화하는 것이 바람직하다. 반면 위험평가결과가 위험하다고 진단 이 내려진 경우에는 반드시 예후메시지를 전달해야 한다. 위험한 상황에서는 반드시 소비자가 스스로 위험을 통 제하는 안전행동을 취해야 한다. 따라서 위험을 통제하는 바람직한 방법을 예후메시지를 통해 제공되어야 한다. Risk communication is an important social device to help consumers in modern society live a safe life by providing them with a set of methods to diagnose and deal with risk. This study set out to examine consumer reactions to the types of risk communication by applying the acceptance model of consumer risk information and testing the model, thus searching for risk communication plans to ensure the safe life of consumers. For these purposes, the investigator divided the types of exposure to risk communication into four groups based on diagnosis message types and exposure to prognosis messages and conducted a survey with a sample of 300 or so for each group. The findings were as follows: first, the level of risk perception was higher after exposure to risk communication than before the exposure regardless of the type of diagnosis message and exposure to prognosis message. These findings imply that consumers' risk perception can be increased by making a certain object an issue regardless of the type of diagnosis message; and secondly, the level of risk perception was higher in the group exposed to prognosis messages than the group with no such exposure among those who were provided with safety and risk messages. The study also tested differences in the changes of risk perception before and after exposure to risk communication and found that the level of risk perception made a huge increase in the group exposed to prognosis messages than the group with no such exposure. These findings raise a need to minimize prognosis messages in risk communication for consumers when a diagnosis of safety is made after a risk assessment and ensure the delivery of prognosis messages when a diagnosis of risk is made after a risk assessment. Consumers must take safety measures to control the risk for themselves in a risky situation. It is thus needed to provide them with prognosis messages including the right ways to control risk.