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( Lieu My Dong ),( Nguyen Thi Thuy Linh ),( Nguyen Thi Hoa ),( Dang Thi Kim Thuy ),( Do Dang Giap ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2021 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.49 No.3
Ngoc Linh ginseng is one of the most valuable endemic medicinal herbs in Vietnam. In this study, Ngoc Linh ginseng callus was fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 (at 6, 7, and 8 log CFU/ml) to evaluate the extraction efficiency of bioactive compounds. The post-fermentation solution was spray-dried using maltodextrin with or without Stevia rebaudiana (3% and 6% v/v) as the wall material. Bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, and total saponins, and L. plantarum viability during fermentation and after spray-drying, as well as under simulated gastric digestion, were evaluated in this study. The results showed that probiotic density had a significant effect on bioactive compounds, and L. plantarum at 8 log CFU/ml showed the best results with a short fermentation time compared to other tests. The total content of polyphenols, polysaccharides, and saponins reached 5.16 ± 0.18 mg GAE/g sample, 277.2 ± 6.12 mg Glu/g sample, and 4.17 ± 0.15 mg/g sample, respectively after 20 h of fermentation at the initial density of L. plantarum (8 log CFU/ml). Although there was no difference in the particle structure of the preparation, the microencapsulation efficiency of the bioactive compound in the samples containing S. rebaudiana was higher than that with only maltodextrin. The study also indicated that adding S. rebaudiana improved the viability of L. plantarum in gastric digestion. These results showed that S. rebaudiana, a component stimulating probiotic growth, combined with maltodextrin as a co-prebiotic, improved the survival rate of L. plantarum in simulated gastric digestion.
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Kim, Jung-Hoon,Shin, Hyeun-Kyoo,Seo, Chang-Seob Medknow PublicationsMedia Pvt Ltd 2014 Pharmacognosy magazine Vol.10 No.39
<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Yukmijihwang-tang (YJT) contains multiple bioactive compounds. Heat-reflux extraction was employed and optimized for the extraction of the bioactive compounds in YJT.</P><P><B>Objective:</B></P><P>The determination of optimal conditions with maximum yields of bioactive compounds, gallic acid, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, morroniside, loganin, paeoniflorin, benzoic acid and paeonol, in YJT.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods:</B></P><P>The extraction ratio (ratio of water to herbal formula), extraction time and extraction number were set as individual values and the yields of the seven compounds were the response values that were optimized with a Box–Behnken design.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>The optimal conditions obtained from response surface methodology (RSM) were 1:11.99 for the extraction ratio, 94.53 min for the extraction time and 2.21 for the extraction number. Under the optimal conditions, the response value of the experiment closely agreed with the predicted response value.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B></P><P>The result suggests that RSM is successfully applied for optimizing the extraction of the marker compounds in YJT.</P>
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Metabolic engineering for the microbial production of marine bioactive compounds
Mao, Xiangzhao,Liu, Zhen,Sun, Jianan,Lee, Sang Yup Elsevier 2017 BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES Vol.35 No.8
<P>Many marine bioactive compounds have medicinal and nutritional values. These bioactive compounds have been prepared using solvent-based extraction from marine bio-resources or chemical synthesis, which are costly, inefficient with low yields, and environmentally unfriendly. Recent advances in metabolic engineering allowed to some extent more efficient production of these compounds, showing promises to meet the increasing demand of marine natural bioactive compounds. In this paper, we review the strategies and statuses of metabolic engineering applied to microbial production of marine natural bioactive compounds including terpenoids and their derivatives, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and marine natural drugs, and provide perspectives. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</P>
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Ganesan, Palanivel,Karthivashan, Govindarajan,Park, Shin Young,Kim, Joonsoo,Choi, Dong-Kug Dove Medical Press 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE Vol.13 No.-
<P>Plant bioactive compounds are known for their extensive health benefits and therefore have been used for generations in traditional and modern medicine to improve the health of humans. Processing and storage instabilities of the plant bioactive compounds, however, limit their bioavailability and bioaccessibility and thus lead researchers in search of novel encapsulation systems with enhanced stability, bioavailability, and bioaccessibility of encapsulated plant bioactive compounds. Recently many varieties of encapsulation methods have been used; among them, microfluidization has emerged as a novel method used for the development of delivery systems including solid lipid nanocarriers, nanoemulsions, liposomes, and so on with enhanced stability and bioavailability of encapsulated plant bioactive compounds. Therefore, the nanodelivery systems developed using microfluidization techniques have received much attention from the medical industry for their ability to facilitate controlled delivery with enhanced health benefits in the treatment of various chronic diseases. Many researchers have focused on plant bioactive compound-based delivery systems using microfluidization to enhance the bioavailability and bioaccessibility of encapsulated bioactive compounds in the treatment of various chronic diseases. This review focuses on various nanodelivery systems developed using microfluidization techniques and applications in various chronic disease treatments.</P>
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송재림,Theophilus Siaw Asare,강미영,이상철 한국자원식물학회 2018 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.31 No.6
Roasting has revealed coffee’s potentials as a good source of bioactive compounds. This study was done toinvestigate the quantitative presence and activity of bioactive compounds including caffeine, chlorogenic acid (CGA),amino acids, and antioxidant capacity on Coffea arabica L. (Guatemala finca San Sebastian) and C. robusta L. (India AzadHind). Analysis was performed on Green Bean (GB) Medium-Light (ML), Medium (ME) and Medium-Dark (MD) samplesof both varieties. From the results, caffeine content was highest in ME samples of both varieties. GB samples of bothvarieties had high CGA content which decreased after increasing roasting time and temperature. Most amino acids in GBsamples was highest, however, glutamic acid, valine, tyrosine, isoleucine, leucine and phenylalanine had highestquantitative increase in ME samples for both varieties. IC50 of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity was highest inML samples of both varieties. IC50 of reducing power and total phenolic content was highest in GB sample of both varietiesbut decreased after increasing roasting conditions. Generally Robusta had the highest quantity of bioactive compounds andantioxidant activity. From this study, the optimal roasting condition for coffee is ME above which there is a significantreduction of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity.
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Azad, M. O. K.,H. S. Choi,M. H. Rahman,임학태 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2020 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.32 No.2
Purple potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Bora Valley) is a nutrient source rich in bioactive compounds. However, the cooking methods either significantly affect retention of bioactive compounds or reduce them in the potatoes. The results of this study showed that the water solubility of the bioactive compounds was significantly higher in boiled potato (37%) compared to raw (31.3%) and steamed (30.9%) potatoes. The smallest nano-size particles were obtained from boiled potato (124 nm), followed by the steamed (138 nm) and raw (166 nm) potatoes. The total phenolic content in the boiled potato (3774 mg/100 g) was higher than in the steamed (2026 mg/100 g) and raw (3169 mg/100 g) potatoes. Likewise, the levels of single phenolic acids, such as caffeic and ferulic acid, increased, while the ascorbic and chlorogenic acid levels decreased in boiled potato. The total flavonoid and total anthocyanin contents were reduced by both cooking methods. Chromatographic analysis showed that the levels of the only pelargonidin increased but those of cyaniding, delphinid, and malvidin decreased in cooked potatoes compared to raw potatoes. However, the antioxidant capacity increased in boiled potatoes (37.6%) compared to the steamed (29.8%) and raw (29.9%) potatoes. The scanning electron microscopic analysis showed well- dispersed nano-size particles in boiled potatoes, while flocculated particles were observed in the steamed and raw potatoes. Finally it is concluded that boiling is the most suitable cooking processes to retain higher functional bioactive compounds in purple potato.
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New face in the row of bioactive compounds and toxin-antitoxin modules: Xenorhabdus nematophila
Shobhi Chaudhary,Singh Garima,Gupta Nomita,Ghosh Chaitali,Rathore Jitendra Singh 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.4
Mutualistic symbiosis exists in the natural world between the Enterobacteriaceae genus Xenorhabdus and the entomopathogenic nematode genus Steinernema. Despite the fact that the bulk of the relationships are speciesspecific, a single Xenorhabdus sp. may infect more than one Steinernema sp. During the complex and stressful life cycle inside the gut of insect as well as in soil, Xenorhabdus nematophila produces various bioactive com pounds. These bioactive compounds are responsible for killing of infected insect larvae. It also ensures the reproduction and proliferation of the bacteria and nematodes. In this review, we have discussed various bioactive compounds produced by Xenorhabdus nematophila, proving it extremely critical for novel antibiotic discovery in the era of current antibiotic resistance crisis. The wide range of bioactive compounds produced by X. nematophila have antibacterial as well as antifungal properties. However, some of the bioactive compounds are effective against insects, nematodes, protozoa, and has anti-cancer potential too. Further, we have also discussed the increased production and gene regulation of several antimicrobial compounds. In the end, we have also discussed the presence of Toxin-Antitoxin (TA) systems and their involvement in adaptation to multiple adverse envi ronments for the bacteria.
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( Azad M. O. K. ),( H. S. Choi ),( M. H. Rahman ),( Y. S. Lim ) 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원(구 농업과학연구소) 2020 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.32 No.2
Purple potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Bora Valley) is a nutrient source rich in bioactive compounds. However, the cooking methods either significantly affect retention of bioactive compounds or reduce them in the potatoes. The results of this study showed that the water solubility of the bioactive compounds was significantly higher in boiled potato (37%) compared to raw (31.3%) and steamed (30.9%) potatoes. The smallest nano-size particles were obtained from boiled potato (124 nm), followed by the steamed (138 nm) and raw (166 nm) potatoes. The total phenolic content in the boiled potato (3774 mg/100 g) was higher than in the steamed (2026 mg/100 g) and raw (3169 mg/100 g) potatoes. Likewise, the levels of single phenolic acids, such as caffeic and ferulic acid, increased, while the ascorbic and chlorogenic acid levels decreased in boiled potato. The total flavonoid and total anthocyanin contents were reduced by both cooking methods. Chromatographic analysis showed that the levels of the only pelargonidin increased but those of cyaniding, delphinid, and malvidin decreased in cooked potatoes compared to raw potatoes. However, the antioxidant capacity increased in boiled potatoes (37.6%) compared to the steamed (29.8%) and raw (29.9%) potatoes. The scanning electron microscopic analysis showed well- dispersed nano-size particles in boiled potatoes, while flocculated particles were observed in the steamed and raw potatoes. Finally it is concluded that boiling is the most suitable cooking processes to retain higher functional bioactive compounds in purple potato.
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Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Korean White Lotus Cultivars
박용서,Korsak Towantakavanit,Teresa Kowalska,Soon-Teck Jung,함경식,Buk-Gu Heo,Ja-Yong Cho,Jae-Gill Yun,김현주,Shela Gorinstein 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.5
In traditional Korean medicine, lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) roots have been used as an antidiabetic and an antiproliferative remedy. However, scientific publications on lotus properties are very limited. Therefore, it was decided to investigate the Korean white lotus cultivars in order to find out their bioactivity. It was found that all lotus cultivars (Inchisa, Muan, Garam, and Chungyang) possess high amounts of bioactive compounds: total phenols, between 7.95±0.8 and 4.21±0.3mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight (DW); ascorbic acid, between 15.8±1.1 and 22.3±1.7mg of ascorbic acid/g DW; and amino acids, between 15.05±0.82% and 16.62±0.90% DW. The highest contents of polyphenols (7.95±0.8mg of GAE/g DW) and the highest levels of antioxidant [by 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assays, 54.27±6.1 and 21.98±2.5μM Trolox equivalents/g DW, respectively] and antiproliferative activities on both human cancer cell lines (Calu-6 for human pulmonary carcinoma and SMU-601 for human gastric carcinoma, 59.75±3.99% and 71.21±2.79% cell viability, respectively) were found in the Chungyang cultivar. Fluorometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy can be applied as rapid methods for determination of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols. The correlation between the bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity was high. In conclusion, all Korean white lotus cultivars are valuable medicinal foods, and in order to receive the best results a combination of lotus cultivars has to be consumed.
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( Madira Coutlyne Manganyi ),( Christ-donald K. Tchatchouang ),( Thierry Regnier ),( Cornelius Carlos Bezuidenhout ),( Collins Njie Ateba ) 한국균학회 2019 Mycobiology Vol.47 No.3
Endophytic fungi have the ability to live inside the host plant tissues without causing neither symptoms of diseases/or harm. Opportunistic infections are accountable for majority of the outbreaks, thereby putting a burden on the health system. To investigate and characterize the bioactive compounds for the control of bacteria of clinical importance, extracts from endophytic fungi were isolated from indigenous South African medicinal plants. Extracts from endophytic fungi were isolated from 133 fungal strains and screened against Gram positive and negative bacteria namely Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, and E. gallinarum using disk diffusion. Furthermore, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to identify the bioactive compounds. Sixteen out of one hundred and thirtythree (12%) fungi extracts exhibited antibacterial properties against some of the selected bacteria. E. coli was found to be the most susceptible in contrast to E. faecium and E. gallinarum which were the most resistant. The isolate MHE 68, identified as Alternaria sp. displayed the greater spectrum of antibacterial activities by controlling selected clinical bacteria strains including resistant E. faecium and E. gallinarum. The chemical analysis of the extract from MHE 68 indicated that linoleic acid (9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)) and cyclodecasiloxane could be accountable for the antibacterial activity. This is the first study conducted on the secondary metabolites produced by endophytic fungal strains isolated from the Pelargonium sidoides DC. possessing antibacterial properties.
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