한국바둑의 세계화를 위한 문화브랜드화 조사연구

김영순(Kim Young-soon),김미라(Kim Mi-ra) 한국문화산업학회 2010 문화산업연구 Vol.10 No.1

Baduk is one of the symbol for Korean traditional leisure culture, which has been placed top in the world. Baduk has lots of potential that can be used for making various cultural contents. Especially Korea is the strongest in the field of Baduk, which can be boasted as the best advantage of the world with strong brands. If Korean Baduk would be strong brand, it will produce numerous benefits in culture market. However, the Korea Baduk has not been highlighted its values and characteristics. In this context, this study amis the academic work for the making cultural brands for the Korean Baduk. This study aims at researching the situation of the making cultural brands and the values of Baduk. Furthermore, in this proposal, the cultural brand of Korea Baduk will be developed as a global brand suggesting the basic direction. In chapter 2, we explored the tendency of the cultural brands and the values of the Baduk culture. In chapter 3, the investigation was performed; not only the first target sample was composed of general people and Baduk experts, but also the survey was done about the Baduk cultural brands. In addition, the FGI was practiced according to the second sample which consists of 4 specialists. This investigation found problems of branding the Korean Baduk culture. And in chapter 4, we supposed proper solution for them and proposed cultural policy for branding the Korean Baduk. Baduk is one of the symbol for Korean traditional leisure culture, which has been placed top in the world. Baduk has lots of potential that can be used for making various cultural contents. Especially Korea is the strongest in the field of Baduk, which can be boasted as the best advantage of the world with strong brands. If Korean Baduk would be strong brand, it will produce numerous benefits in culture market. However, the Korea Baduk has not been highlighted its values and characteristics. In this context, this study amis the academic work for the making cultural brands for the Korean Baduk. This study aims at researching the situation of the making cultural brands and the values of Baduk. Furthermore, in this proposal, the cultural brand of Korea Baduk will be developed as a global brand suggesting the basic direction. In chapter 2, we explored the tendency of the cultural brands and the values of the Baduk culture. In chapter 3, the investigation was performed; not only the first target sample was composed of general people and Baduk experts, but also the survey was done about the Baduk cultural brands. In addition, the FGI was practiced according to the second sample which consists of 4 specialists. This investigation found problems of branding the Korean Baduk culture. And in chapter 4, we supposed proper solution for them and proposed cultural policy for branding the Korean Baduk.

길림성 조선족 바둑의 역사 - 1949년 중화인민공화국 건국 후 -

이성우,김진환 국제바둑학회(구 한국바둑학회) 2023 바둑학연구 Vol.17 No.1

This study explored the development process of Jilin Chinese-Korean Baduk by collecting data on Jilin Chinese-Korean Baduk scattered sporadically around publications such as Jilin Newspaper and Yanbian TV Radio Broadcasting Station to systematically establish the history of Jilin Chinese-Korean Baduk. Through this, the history of Chinese-Korean Baduk in Jilin Province was divided into four stages, and the characteristics and significance of each stage are summarized as follows. First, with the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, a clear definition and district division of the Chinese-Korean people was created, and the Chinese-Korean people of this period learned from the sight of the Japanese playing Baduk before liberation. From this time on, it showed the beginning of Jilin Province Chinese-Korean Baduk. Second, in 1978 Chinese-Korean Baduk started and the peak was the 1984 China-Japan Super Competition. Due to the influence of China-Japan Super Competition, there was also a Baduk class in Jilin Province that taught Baduk to Chinese-Korean for the first time. Baduk competition was also held for Chinese-Korean. Third, the leap period began after the establishment of diplomatic relations between Korea and China in 1992. Many Koreans came to china and among them, there was a Baduk director who taught Baduk, and the language of the Chinese-Korean was similar to that of Korea, so they naturally trained a lot of Chinese-Korean Baduk players. In addition, several Baduk exchanges were conducted by connecting the Korean Baduk community and the Jilin Chinese-Korean Baduk Association. In addition, the Korean director, who teaches Baduk, has a history of sending international students to Korea's Yoo Chang-hyuk and Yang Jae-ho's Baduk Dojo. During this period, the Yanbian Chinese-Korean Autonomous Baduk Association were founded and the Chinese-Korean School in Jilin Province officially promoted Chinese-Korean Baduk. The first official Chinese-Korean Baduk competition hosted by the Yanbian Korean Baduk Autonomous named ‘Yanbian Chinese-Korean Baduk championship’was held from 1988 to 1995, and the school selected Baduk as a regular subject for first and second graders after school. Fourth, the decline lasted from 2010 to the present. From 2010 to 2020, about 10% of Chinese-Korean living in Jilin Province are living in other cities or foreign countries in China, especially Korea, and the trend is gradually expanding. The decline in the Chinese-Korean population is the biggest reason for the development of Chinese-Korean Baduk. In addition, the Communist Party's “minority national united front” policy also weakens the characteristics of Chinese-Korean.

『正易』을 통해 본 바둑과 바둑판의 易學的 의미

임병학,이태경,김시우 고려대학교세종캠퍼스 한국학연구소 2024 한국학연구 Vol.88 No.-

This paper examines the I-Ching meaning of Baduk and Baduk board, focusing on the I-Ching and Korean I-Ching, Jeongyeok. In Chapter 2, there are several arguments about the origin of Baduk, but in particular, it was found that Baduk originated from the Dongyi people. In the process of becoming the currently used 19-line Baduk standard, there were 9 lines, 13 lines, and 15 lines of Baduk. In Chapter 3, it was considered that the baduk stones, the baduk board, and the people who play Baduk, which constitute Baduk, are the three worlds of Heaven, Human, and Earth in I-Ching. Baduk stones and boards contain the principles of the heavenly origin, and playing Baduk contains the meaning of spreading the truth in the sky to the earth as a person becomes the subject. In Chapter 4, the I-Ching meaning of the checkerboard was considered, focusing on the repair of Hetu(河圖) and Luoshu(洛書). The 19 lines of the checkerboard are 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-9-8-7-6-5-4-3 with the middle 10 as the heavenly source(天元). Multiplying the 19th and 19th lines of the checkerboard gives 361 points, and 361 points (house) can be divided by 360 and 1. 1 is the heavenly source in the middle, which is one Taegeuk(太極), and 360 is a combination of Qian hexagram(乾卦) and Kun hexagram(坤卦), containing the principle of the unity of the heavenly people. In particular, in the logic of Hetu and Luoshu, 300 is the sum of 55 Hetu and 45 Luoshu multiplied by Samjae(三才), and 60 is the sum of 5 Hetu main body and 10(5) Luoshu main body multiplied by 20 and Samjae.

1920-1930년대 『매일신보』와『동아일보』에 나타난 조선의 바둑문화

남치형 명지대학교(서울캠퍼스) 인문과학연구소 2014 인문과학연구논총 Vol.35 No.1

The most embarrassing part in the study of Korean Baduk history is the lack of absolute quantity of data based on facts. We know almost nothing but the legends, strange anecdotes, namely narratives about the game of Baduk which has been played more than 1300 years in Korean Peninsula. In addition, there is even fewer references about Baduk in colonized Korea. Therefore this paper tries to represent the Baduk culture in Korea particularly during 1920-1930’s through the newspaper articles, columns, and novels dealing with Baduk. It chose two newspapers <Maeil-Shinbo> published through the whole colonized years and <Dong-A Ilbo> most popular. From these two newspapers, we can see how Baduk was recognized, who were the people playing and loving Baduk, the environment made Baduk professionalized, the process of formation of Baduk market, and the changes happened in the traditional Korean Baduk called Sunjang.

자유주제 : 徐居正의 문학을 통해 본 바둑의 기능과 형상화

강민구 ( Min Gu Kang ) 동방한문학회 2014 東方漢文學 Vol.0 No.59

서거정(1420~1488)은 교제에서 바둑을 중요한 수단으로 활용하였다. 그는 바둑을 두기 위하여 친구를 초청하였고 좋은 시절, 좋은 환경에 바둑판을 마련하였다. 그리고 바둑을 두기 위하여 친구의 집을 방문하기도 하였다. 그가 바둑을 두었던 인물들은 李克墩·專上人·金謙光·李塤 등 당대의 명사들이었다. 그들이 儒와 彿, 나이를 따지 않고 교유하도록 만들어 준 것은 바둑이었다. 서거정은 의도해서 얻었건, 의도하지 않게 얻었건 간에 여유로운 시간에는 바둑을 즐겼다. 또 바둑은 宦路에서 좌절하고 상처 입은 서거정에게 위안과 치유를 제공하였다. 그의 심리적 긴장을 이완시켜줄 수 있는 것이 바둑이었다. 서거정은 벼슬길을 떠남으로 인해, 혹은 노쇠로 인해 의도치 않게 한가로운 생활을 할 때도 있었다. 그가 벼슬로부터 떠났기에 그를 찾아오는 사람도 없었다. 이와 같은 炎凉世態에 그의 상실감과 외로움을 달래주는 것도 바둑이었다. 서거정은승패, 득실에 연연하는 세상사가 바둑과 같다고 보았다. 그는 세상사도 바둑과 같으므로 일을 잘 처리하기 위해 노력하고 그 결과로 공명을 얻는 것보다는 차라리 세상사에 관심을 갖지 않고 사는 편이 오히려 현명하겠다고 하였다. 서거정은 여러 가지 질병을 앓았는데 질병 치료를 위하여 病暇를 많이 사용하였다. 특히 그는 병중에 심각한 고립감을 토로하였는데, 바둑은 그러한 고립감을 해소해주는 좋은 수단이었다. Seo Geo-jeong(徐居正, 1420~1488) made use of Baduk as a important method for intercourse with people. He invited friends to play Baduk and prepared Baduk board in better days and good circumstances. Also, he visited friend``s house for playing Baduk. Lee Kuk-don(李克墩), Jeon Sang-in(專上人), Kim Gyeom-gwang(金謙光) and Lee hun(李塤), they were prominent persons of the time who had played Baduk with him. It was Baduk that he could associate with many people regardless of Confucianism, Buddhism and age. Seo Geo-jeong enjoyed playing Baduk in his spare time that he gained intentionally or unintentionally. Also Baduk provided comfort and liberty to him who was frustrated and wounded by public office. It relaxed his psychological stress. He spent a life of leisure unintentionally caused by leaving government employ or decrepitude. Nobody came to him, because he had left his public office. Baduk comforted his loneliness and disappointment in such a tough world. Seo Geo-jeong thought that society which attached to victory and defeat, gains and losses was the same as Baduk. On account of the society same as Baduk, he thought that it was wise to live having little concern with the society rather than effort in order to take care of business and obtain fame as a resultHe had suffered various diseases, so he took sick leave a lot for treatment of diseases. Especially, he expressed severe feeling of isolation during his illness. Baduk was good method that solved such feeling of isolation.

뇌의 발육에 도움이 되는 바둑의 스포츠화 과정과 발전방안 모색

이상진,김형우 한국발육발달학회 2019 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.27 No.1

The purpose of this study is to examine the phenomenon in Baduk Sports Course and to suggest future development plan for important problems. The following are the conclusions and suggestions that were obtained through a documentary research method for this. First, the mind sports Baduk came to the regularmember organization of Korean Olympic Committee as the Baduk organization of representing South Korea while establishing Korea Amateur Baduk Association through the integration between Korean Baduk Association and similar organization. Also, as a regular member of IMSA(International Mind Sports Association), it is performing its function and role through a course of the sports pattern as the global mind sports for adopting an official Olympic event. Second, to push ahead with globalization beyond the sports pattern in Baduk, the positive cooperation of Baduk organizations at home and abroad is necessary for choosing an Olympic event. Also, there will be a need to be systematically made the excavation and training for Baduk-specialized talents through introducing a professional Baduk system along with an effort to adopt a qualification item for a sports leader by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. It is judged to be likely to be necessary for positively presenting the possibility of an international event while initiatively leading the development in other mind sports item through forming a consultative body focusing on Baduk, which is the regular-member organization of Korean Olympic Committee that is sole out of the domestically mind sports organizations.

바둑선수의 심리기술 인식과 심리지원 요구

김세영,김병준 대한운동학회 2013 아시아 운동학 학술지 Vol.15 No.1

[INTRODUCTION] The purpose of this study was to explore how Korean elite baduk players perceive the importance of psychological skills and sport psychological training services for their training and competition. [METHOD] A total of 177 elite baduk players from professional teams and baduk study groups called 'sosohoe' responded to a questionnaire designed to assess relative importance of major psychological skills and need for psychological services. Both quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed. [RESULT] Baduk players perceived that psychological factors are as important as improving their Baduk skills. Although most players who participated in the study felt that they had not taken formal psychological training sessions before, roughly half of the total players said they faced psychological burdens in competitions. They rated concentration as the most important mental factor in competitions. But they felt it is hard to achieve desired level of concentration. About 76% of the players felt that they would receive psychological training services, demonstrating strong need of sport psychology knowledge for baduk players. Other concerns for obtaining sport psychology services were found, which is very similar to those found in other 'sports' participants. [CONCLUSION] Korean elite Baduk players felt psychological factors play significant roles in their training and competitions. Sport psychology should extend its knowledge and services to other non-conventional sports such as baduk. [서론] 이 연구는 바둑선수들이 심리기술을 어떻게 이해하고 있으며 심리지원에 대하여 어떻게 생각하고 있는지에 대하여 알아보는 데 목적이 있다. 이 주제를 해결하기 위하여 통합연구방법을 사용하였다. [방법] 2011년 전반기 한국기원 연구생 리그 일정에 맞추어 연구생 전수와 국내 프로기사의 바둑 연구 모임인 ‘소소회’ 인원 등 총 177명을 조사하였다. 성별 및 기력 수준별 심리기술 인식과 심리지원의 필요성에 대한 차이를 알아보기 위하여 교차분석방법을 적용하였으며 자료 분석은 PASW Statistics 18.0 프로그램을 이용하였다. 개방형 자료는 질적자료의 일반적인 분석 절차에 따라 내용분석을 실시하였다. [결과] 바둑선수들은 심리요인이 경기력에서 중요하다고 인식했으며, 대다수가 심리훈련에 관한 교육경험이 없었지만 대상자의 절반가량이 과도한 심리문제를 경험했다고 응답했다. 바둑선수들은 여러 심리요인 중 집중력이 시합에 영향을 끼치는 가장 중요한 요인인 동시에 조절하기 쉽지 않은 요인으로 꼽았다. 심리기술을 접한 적이 없지만 심리훈련에 대하여 긍정적으로 인식하였으며 경험하기를 원하는 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 바둑선수의 경기력에서 심리요인은 중요하게 인식되고 있으며, 선수들은 훈련과 경기력 향상을 위하여 스포츠심리학 기반의 심리훈련을 요구하고 있었다. 스포츠심리학 지식과 서비스 영역이 기존 스포츠 종목에서 바둑 종목까지 확대되어야 할 근거가 제시되었다.

축구 참여자가 인식한 바둑의 전이 효과 탐색

김세영,김병준 대한운동학회 2014 아시아 운동학 학술지 Vol.16 No.3

[PURPOSE] The current study examined soccer participants’ perceptions of transfer effects of baduk. The responses from the participants were categorized into positive and negative transfer effects. [METHOD] A total of five current soccer players who had certain level of baduk training or capability participated. A qualitative research design, phenomenology (Colaizzi, 1978), including unstructured in-depth interviews, was adopted. [RESULT] Participants perceived techniques, physical fitness, mental skills, and strategies as main contributors to soccer performance. They felt some differences between soccer and baduk. Soccer was viewed as a team-oriented open activity which looks for possibilities, while baduk a individual-oriented closed skill which focuses on ‘accuracy’. They felt that strategy, relativity, applicability, attentional ability, analysis and decision making were common characteristics for both soccer and baduk. Analytic ability, comprehension ability, and mental skills were ranked as top elements that learned from baduk training and contributed to positive transfer toward soccer performance. Before competition, major positive transfer factors included comprehension of strategies, imagery ability, and effort. During competition thoughtful play, outlook, concentration, winning spirit, perseverance, and rational thoughts were considered as positive transfer factors. Physical fitness was perceived as an element of negative transfer. [CONCLUSION] Some psychological and strategic attributes gained from baduk training were found to be facilitators of positive transfer to soccer performance. The results was discussed in terms of their implications for future research on impacts of perceived transfer on actual performance in soccer or other sports. [목적] 이 연구의 목적은 바둑의 전이 효과에 대한 축구 참여자들의 인식에 대하여 알아보는 것이다. 이들이 인식한 바둑의 전이에 대하여 정적 전이와 부적 전이로 구분하여 살펴보았다. [방법] 본 연구에서는 일정 수준 이상의 바둑 실력을 보유한 축구 참여자 5명을 대상자로 선별하여 질적 연구 방법 중 Colaizzi(1978)의 현상학적 연구 방법을 사용하여 분석하였다. [결과] 연구 참여자들은 축구 경기력의 핵심요소를 “기술, 체력, 심리, 전술”의 4가지 영역을 꼽았다. 이들이 바둑과 축구의 차이점으로 인식한 것은 축구는 팀으로 구성된 개방형 종목이고 가능성 중심의 경기라는 점이고, 바둑은 주로 개인적으로 하며 폐쇄형에 속하며 정확성을 찾는다는 점이었다. 반면에 유사점으로는 전략적이고 상대적인 특성, 효율성과 응용력, 주의 전환과 분석 및 판단력이 중요한 영향을 미친다는 점을 들었다. 축구 참여자가 인식한 바둑의 정적 전이 요소는 분석력, 이해력, 정신력에 대한 부분이고, 경기 전ㆍ중ㆍ후에 따라 구체적인 내용은 차이가 있었다. 경기 전에는 전술에 대한 이해, 심상, 노력하는 정도에 영향을 미칠 것으로 보았고, 시합 후에는 패배에 대한 인정, 경기를 분석하는 능력 등에 도움이 된다고 보았다. 경기 중에는 생각하는 플레이, 안목, 집중력, 승부욕, 끈기, 승부 감각, 합리적 사고에 영향을 미치는 것으로 인식했다. 이들은 바둑의 부적 전이로 체력을 꼽았다. [결론] 일정 수준의 바둑 실력은 축구를 하는데 심리ㆍ전술적 영역을 중심으로 정적 전이가 되는 부분이 많았다. 체력을 제외한 대부분의 영역은 정적 전이에 도움이 되는 것으로 인식하였다. 후속 연구에서는 이들이 인식한 바둑의 전이 효과가 실제로 어느 정도 영향을 미치는지에 대한 구체적인 분석이 추가적으로 이뤄지기를 바란다.

Exploring the Factors of Baduk-Strength and the Model for Developing Its Test

Jin-hwan Kim 국제바둑학회(구 한국바둑학회) 2006 국제학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

바둑의 스포츠화 논쟁과 과제

정용우(JungYongWoo) 한국체육학회 2017 한국체육학회지 Vol.56 No.5

이 연구의 목적은 바둑의 스포츠화를 둘러싼 논쟁을 긍정적이고 생산적인 방향으로 풀어가기 위해 해결해야 할 과제들을 제시하는 것이다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 바둑의 제도적 스포츠화 과정은 공론화의 과정이 부족했고 그 과정에서 외부의 비정상적인 압력이 행사된 것은 아닌가라는 일부 의심의 눈초리를 피할 수 없을 정도로 급격하게 이루어졌다. 둘째, 바둑의 스포츠화를 찬성하는 측의 논거는 스포츠의 성격을 규정하는데 있어 신체활동은 더 이상 중요한 요인이 아니며, 스포츠의 성격은 고정불변한 것이 아니라 변화 가능하다는 것이다. 바둑의 스포츠화를 반대하는 측의 논거는 신체활동은 여전히 스포츠를 규정하는 중요한 기준이고 스포츠와 바둑은 서로 다른 문화적 배경을 바탕으로 형성되었으며, 성급한 제도화가 바둑의 스포츠화를 정당화해주지 못한다는 것이다. 셋째, 바둑의 스포츠화를 둘러싼 첨예한 논쟁을 해결하기 위해서 찬성 측에서는 바둑의 실천가들이 스포츠공동체의 일원으로 동화되어 스포츠공동체의 구성원들이 공유하고 있는 에토스를 수용하고 추구할 수 있도록 변화를 이끌어야 할 것이다. 한편 반대 측에서는 스포츠의 개념 정의에 핵심적인 기준인 신체활동에 대한 재개념화를 통해 스포츠의 개념을 명확히 규정할 필요가 있다. 결국 이 논쟁의 해결을 위해서는 바둑이 이미 제도화 된 스포츠 종목이라는 변화된 현실을 수용하면서 그러한 변화된 현실을 반영한 학술적 논의의 전개가 필요하다. The purpose of this study was to propose tasks should be solved for closing the debate on the approval of baduk as a sport. The main results as follows: First, the sport processes of baduk did not collect public views and could be suspected of applying political pressure because of its rapid institutionalization. Second, the affirmative side of the sport processes of baduk argued that physical activity was not an important factor in establishing the precise nature of sport any more and the nature of sport could be changeable not permanent. On the other hand, the negative side argued that physical activity was still an important factor in establishing the precise nature of sport, sport and baduk had a culturally different background in their formation process, and a hasty institutionalization could not justify the sport processes of baduk. Third, the affirmative side and the baduk community should be assimilate into the sport community and show their pursuit of the sport ethos that shared with the members of the sport community. The negative side and the sport community should clearly prescribe the concept of sport by reconceptualizing physical activity that could be a key aspect in this issue. Finally, it should be need to accept of current changing reality that baduk was already an institutionalized sport and to develop the scientific discussion reflected this reality for solution of this sharp conflicts.