광양만내의 현장 부유입자물질 분포와 거동

이병관(Byoung-Kwan Lee),김석윤(Seok-Yun Kim),조현만(Hyun-Man Cho) 한국해양공학회 2010 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.24 No.1

The concentration and size analysis of in-situ suspended particulate material were measured using an optical instrument, LISST-100, in the bottom layer at the three inlets of the Seomjin River Estuary, mouth of Gwangyang bay, and Gwangyang bay-side of the Namhae Bridge. In the Seomjin river estuary and mouth of Gwangyang bay-side of the Namhae Bridge, the in-situ mean grain size of the suspended material changed from a uni-modal distribution with a dominant peak at a coarse fraction to a bi-modal distribution with a secondary peak at the finer particles. Seomjin River. The interactions between suspended particulate concentration and beam attenuation coefficient of suspended particulate matters depended on the supply of finer and coarser particles in the mouth of Gwangyang Bay and Seomjin River. So, interactions reflected difference of the concentration, mean size and sorting of suspended particulate matters. The difference of interaction showed dynamic behaviors to the resuspension and deflocculation processes increased river discharge. This showed that it may be possible to use the interactions between the suspended particle concentration and beam attenuation coefficient to monitor the temporal and spatial distributions of in-situ partides.

Distribution of Suspended Particulate Matters in the East China Sea, Southern Yellow Sea and South Sea of Korea During the Winter Season

Choi, Jin-Yong,Kim, Seok-Yun,Kang, Hyo-Jin The Korean Society of Oceanography 2004 Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography Vol.39 No.4

Concentrations of suspended particulate matters (SPM) and their distribution patterns were monitored three times in the East China Sea during the winter season in 1998 and 1999. SPM concentrations showed significant temporal variations controlled by the atmospheric conditions and sea states. In coastal area, SPM values were about 10-20 mg/l in fair weather conditions, but exceeded 100mg/l during the storm periods. Turbid waters were distributed widespread in the continental shelf of the East China Sea and the coastal area of the Korean Peninsula, and these two areas were connected along a NE-SW direction. The distribution patterns of turbid waters were interpreted as representing the transport behavior of suspended matter. Although the primary source of inner shelf mud deposits of Korea seems to be the Korean Peninsula, contribution from the East China Sea to the coastal area of Korea increases especially during the winter season.

입자성 물질 농도가 바이러스의 UV-처리와 위해성에 미치는 영향 평가

신유리 ( Yu Ri Shin ),윤춘경 ( Chun Gyeong Yoon ),이한필 ( Han Pu Rhee ),이승재 ( Seung Jae Lee ) 한국물환경학회 2010 한국물환경학회지 Vol.26 No.6

Wastewater reuse for agricultural irrigation needs treatment and control of pathogens to minimize risks to human health and the environment. In order to evaluate the water quality of UV-treated reclaimed water, this study focused on the relationship between micro-pathogens and particulate matters. MS2 was selected as an index organism because it has similar characteristics to human enteric virus and strong resistance to UV disinfection. The turbidity and suspended solid (SS) were selected for test parameters. In this study, it was performed with different UV doses (30 and 60 mJ/cm2) for estimation of the MS2 inactivation rate using collimated beam batch experiments in the laboratory. The experiment results by turbidity or SS concentration presented that the increased concentration of them lowered MS2 inactivation. At the turbidity (below 4.27 NTU) and SS (below 1.47 mg/L) of the low level range, the inactivation of 60 UV dose is higher than 30 UV dose. However, at the turbidity and SS of the high level, the increasing UV dose did not show apparent increasing the MS2 inactivation. In quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA), it can confirm the trend that P(D) and turbidity concentrations have positive correlationship at the low concentration, which was also observed in SS. The QMRA can be helpful in communication with public for safe wastewater reuse and be recommended.

Release of Heavy metals by resuspension of coastal sediment

Song, Young-chae,Subha, Bakthacachallam,Woo, Jung Hui 한국항해항만학회 2014 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.춘계

In the present study analysed the physico chemical properties and distribution of heavy metal and also analysed the changes of heavy metal distribution by resuspension and properties of heavy metal release into sea water. From the experimental result showed sediment resuspension plays an important role in the release of heavy metals in coastal environment. Heavy metal release percentage was high in different mixing time of resuspension and different amounts of sediment due to resuspension of particulate matter.

서해중부 태안해안의 현장 부유입자물질 분포와 거동 연구

이병관 ( Byoung Kwan Lee ),장성건 ( Seong Geon Jang ),김진현 ( Jin-hyun Kim ),황다혜 ( Da Hye Hwang ),김소연 ( So Yun Kim ),최윤영 ( Yun-young Choi ),이병준 ( Byung Joon Lee ) 한국환경기술학회 2020 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.21 No.6

In-Situ Suspended Particulate Matter(SPM) concentration of the water column and particle size distribution above the middle layer and bottom layer were measured in the Taean-Haean National Park, West Coast of Korea. The short-term series of in-situ suspended particulate matter concentration, total volume concentration, beam attenuation coefficient, mean grain size, floc size and distribution have been ensemble averaged according to tidal variation. Time variation of in-situ particle size and concentration shows bottom layer supplies relatively fine-grained particles with compared to middle layer. This explains a good correlation between sediment concentration and beam attenuation coefficient due to well defined, monotonous size distribution. Abundance of small microfloc and large macroflos with time and water column size distribution indicated the difference between organic matter in marine snow of turbidity maximum near-bottom layer and fine grain primary particles of water column. The particles supplied toward lower water column from upper water column during low tide showed a multi-modal distribution with two-three peak at coarse fraction, possibly due to the resuspension and the flocculation associated with marine biological activity and the increased shear velocity at near bottom, break-up of large flocs. This study can be used qualitative and quantitative analysis of in-situ fine suspended sediment distribution, resuspension and flocculation, land(fresh water) and marine(sea water) based source of suspended particulate matters, according to marine environmental relationship and global climate change.

하천 수문 특성과 유기물 성상 변화에 따른 하상 유동상 퇴적물 거동 연구

트렁 틴 휜,허진,이병준 한국물환경학회 2024 한국물환경학회지 Vol.40 No.2

This study employed field measurements and biogeochemical analysis to examine the effects of seasonal conditions (e.g., temperature and precipitation) and human intervention (e.g., dam or weir construction) on the chemical composition of dissolved organic matter, flocculation kinetics of suspended particulate matter, and formation of the fluid mud layer on riverbeds. The results indicated that a water environment with a substantial amount of biopolymers offered favorable conditions for flocculation kinetics during an algal bloom period in summer; a thick fluid mud layer was found to be predominated with cohesive materials during this period. However, after high rainfall, a substantial influx of terrigenous humic substances led to enhanced stabilization of the particulate matter, thereby decreasing flocculation and deposition, and the reduced biopolymer composition served to weaken the erosion resistance of the fluid mud on the riverbed. Moreover, a high-turbulence condition disaggregated the flocs and the fluid mud layer and resuspended the suspended particulate matter in the water column. This study demonstrates the mutual relationship that exists between biogeochemistry, flocculation kinetics, and the formation of the fluid mud layer on the riverine area during different seasons and under varying hydrological conditions. These findings are expected to eventually help inform the more optimal management of water resources, which is an urgent task in the face of anthropogenic stressors and climate change.

Respiratory symptoms and illnesses related to the concentration of airborne particulate matter mong brick kiln workers in Kathmandu valley, Nepal

Seshananda Sanjel,Sanjay N. Khanal,Steven M. Thygerson,William S. Carter,James D. Johnston,Sunil K. Joshi 대한직업환경의학회 2017 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.29 No.-

Background: Bricks have been manufactured in Nepal for hundreds of years and are seen as a component of Nepalese sculpture and architecture. Large quantities of hazardous materials including high concentrations of particulate matter are emitted on a daily basis from brick kilns. Exposure to these hazardous materials can lead to adverse consequences on the environment and human health. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of respiratory symptoms/illnesses and the magnitude of respirable and total dust exposures among Nepalese brick kiln workers. Methods: Respiratory symptoms/illnesses were evaluated by questionnaire among brickfield workers (n = 400) and a referent group of grocery workers (n = 400) in Kathmandu valley. Work zones (WZs): green brick molding (GBM), green brick stacking/carrying (GBS/C), red brick loading/carrying (RBL/C), coal preparation (CP) and firemen (FM) were the similar exposure groups (SEGs) from where personal air samples and interviews were taken. Among brickfield workers, personal monitoring was conducted across SEGs for total (n = 89) and respirable (n = 72) dust during February–March 2015 and March–April 2016. Applying multi-stage probability proportionate to size sampling technique, 16 kilns and 400 brick workers for interview were selected. Proportions, means, medians and ranges were calculated for the demographics, samples and respiratory symptoms/illnesses. One-way ANOVA was applied to compare the significance differences of the level of particulate matter among SEGs. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to evaluate association between respiratory symptoms/illnesses and participants groups, and SEGs among brick kiln workers at 0.05 level. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Results: Chronic cough (14.3%), phlegm (16.6%) and bronchitis (19.0%) were higher (P < 0.05) among brickfield compared with grocery workers (6.8, 5.8 and 10.8%). Mean respirable (5.888 mg/m<SUP>3</SUP>) and total (20.657 mg/m<SUP>3</SUP>) dust exposures were highest for red brick loading tasks. The prevalence of chronic cough, chronic phlegm, chronic bronchitis, wheezing and asthma were significantly higher for other WZs workers (p < 0.05) compared with CP; for GBM: 22.9, 34.6, 15.0 and 7.5%; for GBS/C: 13.5, 15.8, 10.0, 8.8 and 7.5%; for RBL/C: 11.1, 17.1, 27.4, 19.0 and 11.9%; for FM: 18.4, 12.5, 28.4, 4.9 and 0.0%; and for CP: 4.9, 6.3, 13.3, 9.3 and 4.0% respectively. Conclusion: High dust exposures identified in this study may explain the increased prevalence of respiratory symptoms/illnesses among Nepalese brickfield workers, warranting action to reduce exposures.

Respiratory symptoms and illnesses related to the concentration of airborne particulate matter among brick kiln workers in Kathmandu valley, Nepal

Seshananda Sanjel,Sanjay N. Khanal,Steven M. Thygerson,William S. Carter,James D. Johnston,Sunil K. Joshi 대한직업환경의학회 2017 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.29 No.-

Background: Bricks have been manufactured in Nepal for hundreds of years and are seen as a component of Nepalese sculpture and architecture. Large quantities of hazardous materials including high concentrations of particulate matter are emitted on a daily basis from brick kilns. Exposure to these hazardous materials can lead to adverse consequences on the environment and human health. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of respiratory symptoms/illnesses and the magnitude of respirable and total dust exposures among Nepalese brick kiln workers. Methods: Respiratory symptoms/illnesses were evaluated by questionnaire among brickfield workers (n = 400) and a referent group of grocery workers (n = 400) in Kathmandu valley. Work zones (WZs): green brick molding (GBM), green brick stacking/carrying (GBS/C), red brick loading/carrying (RBL/C), coal preparation (CP) and firemen (FM) were the similar exposure groups (SEGs) from where personal air samples and interviews were taken. Among brickfield workers, personal monitoring was conducted across SEGs for total (n = 89) and respirable (n = 72) dust during February–March 2015 and March–April 2016. Applying multi-stage probability proportionate to size sampling technique, 16 kilns and 400 brick workers for interview were selected. Proportions, means, medians and ranges were calculated for the demographics, samples and respiratory symptoms/illnesses. One-way ANOVA was applied to compare the significance differences of the level of particulate matter among SEGs. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to evaluate association between respiratory symptoms/illnesses and participants groups, and SEGs among brick kiln workers at 0.05 level. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Results: Chronic cough (14.3%), phlegm (16.6%) and bronchitis (19.0%) were higher (P < 0.05) among brickfield compared with grocery workers (6.8, 5.8 and 10.8%). Mean respirable (5.888 mg/m3) and total (20.657 mg/m3) dust exposures were highest for red brick loading tasks. The prevalence of chronic cough, chronic phlegm, chronic bronchitis, wheezing and asthma were significantly higher for other WZs workers (p < 0.05) compared with CP; for GBM: 22.9, 34.6, 15.0 and 7.5%; for GBS/C: 13.5, 15.8, 10.0, 8.8 and 7.5%; for RBL/C: 11.1, 17.1, 27.4, 19.0 and 11.9%; for FM: 18.4, 12.5, 28.4, 4.9 and 0.0%; and for CP: 4.9, 6.3, 13.3, 9.3 and 4.0% respectively. Conclusion: High dust exposures identified in this study may explain the increased prevalence of respiratory symptoms/ illnesses among Nepalese brickfield workers, warranting action to reduce exposures.

Oil-Suspended Particulate Matter Aggregates: Formation Mechanism and Fate in the Marine Environment

Andrew Loh,심원준,하성용,임운혁 한국해양과학기술원 2014 Ocean science journal Vol.49 No.4

Oil suspended particulate matter (SPM) aggregates (OSA) are naturally occurring phenomena where oil droplets and particles interact to form aggregates. This aggregation could aid cleanup processes of oil contaminated waters. When OSA is formed, it makes oil less sticky and would facilitate the dispersion of oil into the water column. Increased oil-water surface contact by OSA formation enhances biodegradation of oil. Its applicability as a natural oil clean-up mechanism has been effectively demonstrated over past decades. There are many factors affecting the formation of OSA and its stability in the natural environment that need to be understood. This review provides a current understanding of (1) types of OSA that could be formed in the natural environment; (2) controlling factors and environmental parameters for the formation of OSA; (3) environmental parameters; and (4) fate of OSA and its applicability for oil spill remediation processes.

2003년 3월 대조기 광양만 부유퇴적물의 유,출입에 관한 연구

김석윤 ( Seok Yun Kim ),이병관 ( Byoung Kwan Lee ) 한국수산과학회 2004 한국수산과학회지 Vol.37 No.6

N/A As a preliminary study on the sediment flux, concentrations of suspended particulate matter and current speeds were measured at three inlets of Gwangyang Bay during one tidal cycle of a spring tide of March 2003. The suspended sediment flux rate (g/㎡/s) at the mouth of Seomjin River (St. K1) was observed to be higher throughout surface layer during ebb tide (14.3 g/㎡/s) and throughout near-bottom layer during the flood tide (23.2 g/㎡/s), resulting in a net upstream-ward transport of 0.9×10³kg/m during 13 period. At the inlet toward Yeosu Bay (St. K2), a relatively low rate (5.0-6.7 g/㎡/s) of sediment flux occurred throughout the water column compared to St. K1, with a depth-integrated net transport of 5.6×10³kg/m toward the outer reaches of Gwangyang Bay inlet. At St. K3 located at Gwangyang Bay-side of Noryang Strait, the outward flux toward the Jinju Bay was observed to be dominant during the flood tide (16.2-23.2 g/㎡/s), especially through the mid and near bottom layer, compared to the inward flux throughout the whole water column during the ebb tide (13.1-19.7 g/㎡/s). The net transport at St. K3 was calculated to be 4.0× 10³kg/m toward the outside of Gwangyang Bay. The outward net transport of suspended sediment at all three inlets seems to be consistent with a trend of bottom sediment texture, which suggests a net movement of sediment from a relatively coarse and poorly sorted inner-bay toward a relatively fine and better sorted outer-bay environment.