Entropy-TOPSIS 기법을 활용한 중국 항만의 경쟁력에 관한 연구

진가영,이정욱,이향숙 한국로지스틱스학회 2022 로지스틱스연구 Vol.30 No.6

As an essential part of the supply chain, ports not only play a critical function in the national economic construction but also play a decisive role in disasters such as infectious diseases and natural disasters that negatively affect the lives of most sectors. In order to better evaluate the competitiveness of Chinese ports, this study constructs a competitiveness evaluation system for China’s top 5 ports. Based on the port competitiveness evaluation indexes, port competitiveness is divided into four aspects: infrastructure condition, port operation, economic environment, and port development potential. The entropy weight and TOPSIS method are utilized to evaluate the port’s competitiveness. The results show that the competitiveness of Shanghai port is much higher than that of other ports. It is suggested that each port should improve its own construction level and seek win-win results through dislocation development and collaborative cooperation.

The Priorities of Influencing Determinants for Dry Port Competitiveness in the North and the South of Vietnam – An AHP and IPA Approach

Thu Trang NGUYEN,Hong Gyue PARK 국제이네비해양경제학회 2021 International Journal of e-Navigation and Maritime Vol.17 No.1

To operate a dry port effectively and efficiently, strengthening the competitiveness of dry ports could be the key to bring notable improvements during operational activities and to increase the attraction of dry ports. This paper aims to discover the prioritization of the influential determinants of dry port competitiveness in the north and the south of Vietnam through an analysis based on expert judgments and customer evaluations. With a comprehensive literature review of previous studies equal to investigation results gained from several intensive interviews, many variables are adopted as potential factors that may enhance the competitiveness of dry ports in Vietnam. Through the AHP and IPA approach, this study sketches several development strategies for dry ports and provides important insights for governments by encouraging and supporting policies for the proper operation of dry ports. In the AHP analysis, cost was found to be the most important factor to improve dry port development in Vietnam, and transportation connectivity and cost are more prioritized in the north, with the remaining important determinants for dry port competitiveness receiving more attention in the south of Vietnam.

A study on the Enhancement of Transshipment Competitiveness of Busan Port by Analyzing Factors Affecting Transshipment Competitiveness

Ho-Chul Park 한국항해항만학회 2021 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.45 No.5

It is understood that carriers evaluate several features of ports when fixing the T/S port. Those features can be enumerated as Geographic condition of port, Service network with overseas ports, Level of port productivity, Port infrastructure, Port services level, Port Authority’s Policy direction mand Cost competitiveness. The objectives of this study are to: 1) determine if those factors could affect the T/S competitiveness of the port; and 2) to evaluate how Busan port conforms to those determinants factors in such extent. According to results of the analysis after surveying National global carrier, Intra-Asia carriers, Global overseas carriers, Terminal operators, and Busan Port Authority known to be highly influential samples, all factors were proven to be factors affecting the T/S competitiveness of the port. Meanwhile, in the analysis through AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) methodology about the order of weight among those factors, Cost competitiveness was answered as the most important factor. On the other hand, in the analysis to find the situation if Busan port conforms to those factors, Busan port was proven to satisfy those conditions to a moderate extent. In the analysis about the order of strength among those factors, Busan port was answered to have the highest strength in the geographic condition. However, it showed the bottom level of strength in the Cost competitiveness which was answered as the most important factor among samples for determining the T/S competitiveness of the port. This indicates that Government and Port Authority of Busan have to concentrate policy capabilities on the improvement of cost competitiveness of Busan port to enhance the T/S competitiveness. In this paper, four policy recommendations are given : Integration of Busan port operation into New port, Combining multiple operators into one or a few, Attracting Global mega carriers as the New port terminal operators, and Continuous Infrastructure expansion.

MDMG-HFP법과 퍼지역평가법을 이용한 상하이 및 북중국과 우리 나라 컨테이너항만의 경쟁력분석에 관한 연구

여기태 ( Ki Tae Yeo ),박창호 ( Chang Ho Park ),전일수 ( Il Soo Jun ),이홍걸 ( Hong Girl Lee ),류형근 ( Hyung Geun Ryu ) 한국해운물류학회 2004 해운물류연구 Vol.42 No.-

The competitive environment of Northeast Asia`s intra-shipping ports is expected to change greatly due to the remarkable economic growth of China in which rapidly appeared as a production base of the world. The inter-port competition to preoccupy the hub port within the area is also expected to be much more severe. In this aspect, the main purpose of this study lies in surveying and analysing the development and status of North China`s ports including Shanghai where direct calling is taking place, considering the spreading effects on Korea`s ports, and drawing up a plan for improving Korea`s port competitiveness. The research scope is to cover the subjective ports of Korea and China`s 7 major ports (Busan, Gwangyang, Sanghai, Qingdao, Tienjin, Dalian and Kaoshuing). The substance of this study contains the extraction of port competitiveness components through the previous existing studies and the pilot test and factor analysis which reflect the opinions of working-level personnel and researchers related to the subjective ports. The evaluation structure of port competitiveness is established by utilizing the results of factor analysis. Then, we extract the relevant port competitiveness using MDMG-HFP (Multi Decision Multi Group-Hierarchical Fuzzy Process) to execute the competitiveness evaluation of the subjective ports on the basis of the established evaluation structure. Finally, we draw the factors that increase the competitiveness of major ports by applying the IRFE(Inverse Relation of Fuzzy Evaluation), and present Korea`s strategic planning and implications through the scenario analysis of the extracted components.

인천항 항만배후단지 물류센터의 경쟁력 향상에 관한 연구

박원근 ( Won Geun Park ),안웅 ( Ung Ahn ),배승권 ( Seung Kwon Bae ) 한국해운물류학회(구 한국해운학회) 2016 해운물류연구 Vol.32 No.2

본 연구에서는 AHP 기법을 적용하여 인천항 항만배후단지의 물류센터의 경쟁력 향상 요인 모형을 구축하고, 학계, 민간, 정부관련 전문가를 대상으로 인천항 항만배후단지에 입주한 물류기업과 정책수립자와 항만서비스 제공자 및 전문가들이 느끼는 항만배후단지의 경쟁력 향상 요인의 인식 차이를 조사하여 배후단지의 운영에 대한 운영적인 측면과 부가가치 창출에 있어서의 개선방향을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 분석결과 "항만과 내륙운송 연계"가 가장 높은 차이를 나타났으며, 그 외에도 네트워크 부문에 대하여 차이가 나타났다. 즉, 인천항 항만배후단지 입주물류센터 관점에서는 외부의 시각과는 달리 물류센터에서 취급되는 주요 품목과 항만에서 취급하는 주요 품목간의 연계성을 통한 항만물동량 창출과 부가가치 향상에 대해서는 전체 응답자를 대상으로 한 결과 보다는 상대적으로 덜 중요하다고 생각하고 있다. 항만배후단지 입주물류센터를 대상으로 분석한 결과와 전체 응답자를 대상으로 경쟁력 향상 요인의 중요도 인식 차이에 대해 비교 분석을 실시하였으며, 현재 항만배후단지 경쟁력 개선에 실질적인 정책적 시사점을 도출할 수 있었다. 또한 결론부분에서 위와 같은 결과를 바탕으로 항만배후단지 경쟁력 향상을 위한 정책수립자와 입주 물류센터가 고려해야할 정책적·실무적 시사점을 정리하여 제시하였다. This study builds a competitiveness factor model for the logistics centers in Incheon port`s hinterland using an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and proposes to improve the added value and operating process of Incheon port`s hinterland. The purpose is to survey the importance of various competitiveness factors in Incheon port`s hinterland, which are analyzed by the logistics company using experts from the academic, private, or government sector. To comparatively analyze the importance of the various competitiveness factors` differences between logistics centers in the Incheon port hinterland and those for the other respondents, this study has found that the "connection between ports and inland" makes the most difference. Moreover, "network" segments, such as "customized logistics services," "rent fee," "in and out of cargo and the accuracy of the delivery time," and "a variety of routes and frequencies" account for the rest of the difference. Consequently, we propose that in improving the added value and by creating cargo volumes, using the linkages between major products of the logistics center in the port hinterland and major cargo handled in the port, the logistics center is less important in Incheon port`s hinterland than for the other respondents. Logistics companies in the port hinterland and policy makers should consider these results. Additionally, logistics companies in the port hinterland consider that certain distinctive core competences include providing "customized logistics services" to shippers, according to their conditions, and "reducing operating expenses," as the aggressive investments of the logistics company in the port hinterland must be followed through. In particular, they propose that the government establishing "network" segments is most important for the relative improvement of the competitiveness factors of logistics centers in Incheon port`s hinterland. Moreover, they consider the return on investment (ROI), which is the competitive factor of profit to the investor resulting from an investment of resource, and is important to indicate the financial efficiency and competitiveness of the logistics center. This means that the competitiveness of the port`s hinterland can be significantly influenced by the assets and financial competitiveness of the logistics center in the port hinterland. In conclusion, this study has policy and practical implications that logistics companies in the port`s hinterland and policy makers should consider for improving the competitiveness of the port hinterland.

평택항만배후단지조성이 기업경쟁력과 물류성과에 미치는 영향

윤기선,박정열,Yun,Gi-Seon,Park,Chung-Yeol 한국물류학회 2015 물류학회지 Vol.25 No.2

본 연구는 평택항만배후단지조성이 기업경쟁력과 물류성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 실증적 연구로써 본 연구의 대상범위는 평택항만 조성되어 있는 배후단지들을 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구는 평택항만배후단지조성이 기업경쟁력과 물류성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 데 연구의 초점을 두고 있다. 평택항만배후단지조성을 평택항만배후단지에 조성된 지원제도, 인력양성, 물류시스템구축에 중심을 두었고 기업경쟁력으로는 제품경쟁력, 가격경쟁력, 유통경쟁력, 촉진경쟁력을 제시하여 물류성과에 미치는 영향을 분석 하였다. This study only Pyeongtaek Port Hinterland composition support system provided for in P-Port only Hinterland composition in order to analyze the impact on Corporate Competitiveness and Logistics Performance, Human resource development was the analysis of building logistics systems, indicators to competitiveness in business competitiveness, price competitiveness, distribution, competitiveness, was to facilitate the analysis of competitiveness, logistics performance indicators in order management, warehouse management, shipping management as an indicator to the number, analyze the impact of the company’s competitiveness in accordance with the composition in P-Port only hinterland logistics Performance analyzes each factor was investigated by feasibility causation through the regression analysis to. To this end, the target of this research study and data were collected by the survey for corporate use only P-Port. Over the study period were collected 20 days after November 1, 2014 to November 20th. Survey was conducted a survey of 203 companies that mainly only used P-Port in Korea. As a result of analysis by the irradiation was analyzed as follows. First, P-Port only provided support system behind only the composition of activation policies have been investigated to influence product competitiveness. In particular, regulatory reform and Port Hinterland participating companies tax, financial, and administrative support, legal and institutional maintenance were examined to affect the company’s competitiveness. Secondly, human resource development for P-Port Hinterland composition was investigated only to affect the price competitiveness. In particular, the logistics personnel training, logistics building human resource development actors between organic network system, Hinterland fostering research funding was to influence the price is competitive. Third, only just behind the building manpower and logistics systems for the P-Port composition were investigated to influence the distribution competitiveness. In particular, human resource development and strengthening one-stop logistics administrative services, integrated information system, in conjunction with the rear of the complex were examined to influence the distribution competitiveness. Fourth, P-Port Logistics System for only Hinterland composition were examined to affect promote competitiveness. Fifth, the competitiveness of product competitiveness have been investigated to affect logistics performance (Order Management). In particular, the differentiated product quality compared to competitors’ products, product technology is ahead of the competition, differentiation of product design chic and classy is the deadline in terms of cost management, compliance rate, reduced order processing costs cases, in terms of cost control Critical error Rate increases, the minimum order compliance rate of increase in cost management perspective, this spell has been reduced error rates for customers in the error management. Sixth, the competitiveness of product competitiveness and competitive distribution was investigated to influence the Logistics Performance (Warehouse Management). In particular, competitive products and distribution channels have been high on the reduced profit, the distribution process, was likely to hold a variety of sales distribution channels, logistics operational cost savings / Box, labor / Box decreases in warehouse management. Retention to a reduction in warehouse inventory management, reduced product damage costs in warehouse management. Finally, competitive price competitiveness, distribution competitiveness, promote competitiveness was examined to affect logistics performance (number, shipment management). In particular, price competitiveness, distribution, competitiveness, and increased the image of the company, has become the company’s advertising, marketing and the PR is well, it is well to secure the accounts of the company, you can reduce shi

SNA Approach for Analyzing the Research Trend of International Port Competition

Jun Woo JEON,Ying WANG,여기태 한국해운물류학회 2016 The Asian journal of shipping and Logistics Vol.32 No.3

Although port competition is changing continually in various environments, no research trend analyses of port competition have been carried out. Instead, prior studies have focused on ports gaining a competitive advantage or the development strategies of ports, this study analyses the research trends in port competition using a Social Network Analysis (SNA). We build the network using keywords from existing academic papers on port competition. By visualizing divisions by generation, studies in the first period (1980–1999) focused mainly on keywords such as “port competition” and “competitiveness.” Then, in the second period (2000–2007), the trends shifted to include “port competition” “China” “container port” and “Hong Kong” which became central in the network. The most drastic change occurred in the third period (2008–2015), where, in addition to “port competition,” the central point of the network also included “cooperation” and “supply chain”. The results of the analysis using the high central value of SNA method indicate that the focus of research on port competition ranges from one dedicated region to globalization. This can help researchers understand the research trend of port competition from an academic viewpoint.

항만의 지속가능성 측정 요인에 관한 사례연구 :

이주호(Joo-Ho Lee),김상열(Sang-Youl Kim),장현미(Hyun-Mi Jang) 한국항해항만학회 2016 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.40 No.6

우리나라에서 항만은 국가전체 교역 물동량의 90% 이상을 처리하고 있어 경제적 중요성이 높으며, 항만건설에 대한 막대한 투자와 국가경쟁력에 미치는 영향을 고려한다면 항만의 지속가능한 운영은 중요한 이슈이다. 하지만 항만의 경쟁력과 지속가능성을 다룬 기존의 연구들은 항만의 시설규모, 항만효율성 등의 항만 내 물류활동을 중심으로 연구가 이루어져 외부환경변화에 대처하고 중장기적인 지속가능한 경쟁력을 확보하기 위해서는 항만이용자들의 기대와 요구뿐만 아니라 지역사회 및 환경적 요인 등의 외부적인 환경변화를 고려한 항만경쟁력 확보 방안에 관한 연구가 필요한 시점이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 주변지역과 경제적, 사회적, 환경적 연결성을 가지고 있는 항만의 지속가능한 경쟁력 확보를 위한 유럽연합(EU)의 SuPorts와 PPRISM 사례를 분석하여 외부환경변화, 공급사슬 내 성과를 고려한 중장기적인 관점에서의 성과측정지표 개발의 필요성과 항만별 특성에 맞는 평가기준의 필요성, 국내실정에 맞는 항만의 지속가능한 성과측정 방안에 대한 시사점을 도출하였다. Seaports are economically significant infrastructures in terms of dealing with more than 90% of the cargo volume in Korea’s international trade. Furthermore, investment costs for constructing ports and the impacts of port industry on national competitiveness lead to the necessity for sustainable port operation. However, the earlier studies dealing with competitiveness and sustainability of the port sector focused on its logistical functions related to port size, operational efficiency, etc. Port competitiveness that considers local community and ecological values as well as the expectations and demands of port users is becoming an important issue in order for ports to cope with volatile external environments while maintaining competitiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to identify port performance indicators and measure their performance in terms of the environmental and social perspectives, as well as the economic perspectives, in order to sustain port development and operations. This paper presents findings from case analyses of SuPorts and PPRISM projects that assist European Union (EU) ports to secure sustainable competitiveness while respecting economic, environmental and social interests between ports and local communities. These projects create port performance indicators with balanced views including not only economic value but also environmental and social values. They measure port performance so port operators can implement these sustainable port practices. This study aims to find the critical factors for sustainable port practices by conducting case analyses of SuPorts and PPRISM projects.

인천항의 물류네트워크 경쟁력 분석에 관한 연구

김병일(Byung-Il Kim),유홍성(Hong-Sung Yoo),서재환(Jae-Hwan Suh) 한국항만경제학회 2009 韓國港灣經濟學會誌 Vol.25 No.2

본 연구는 선행연구와 전문가 인터뷰를 통하여 항만물류네트워크가 제공하는 서비스 경쟁력의 주요속성들을 추출하고, 이 속성들을 토대로 인천항의 경쟁력 변화에 따른 파급효과를 분석하였다. 연구결과 항만물류네트워크가 제공하는 서비스는 시설편의, 접근편의, 결정편의로 구분됨을 확인하였고, 항만간 물류네트워크 경쟁력 통합평가치의 결과에서는 부산항>청도항>천진항>대련항>인천항 순으로 경쟁력 차이를 보였다. 특히 시나리오 분석 결과 인천항의 물류네트워크 경쟁력은 대련항에도 크게 못 미치는 결과를 보여 전반적인 물류네트워크 서비스 증대가 불가피한 것으로 나타났다. 퍼지역평가를 통해 분석한 결과 인천항은 물류 네트워크가 제공하는 서비스 수준을 시설편의 25%, 접근편의 8%, 결정편의 1%를 상승시킴으로써 대련항과 대등한 경쟁력 수준을 유지할 수 있었다. This study extracted the major attributes of the competitiveness of services provided by port logistics networks from previous research and interviews with experts and, based on the attributes, analyzed the effects of change in the competitiveness of the Incheon Port. According to the results, services provided by port logistics networks were divided into facility conveniences, access conveniences, and decision conveniences. In the results on the integrated value of the competitiveness of logistics network among ports, competitiveness was high in order of Busan Port>Qigndao Port>Tianjin Port>Dalian Port>Incheon Port. Particularly in the results of scenario analysis, with the elevation of one or two factors of logistics network service, the Incheon Port was even inferior to the Dalian Port, which had the lowest competitiveness among the ports compared. In the results of reversed fuzzy analysis, the Incheon Port could maintain equal competitiveness with the Dalian Port by raising the service level of the logistics network by 25% for facility conveniences, by 8% for access conveniences, and by 1% for decision conveniences.

변이할당기법과 DEA를 활용한 동북아시아 항만간 경쟁력 비교 분석

이충배,권아림 한국항만경제학회 2014 韓國港灣經濟學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

Due to the recent development of globalization and supply chain management, growth of international trade has led to increasing cargo volume around the world. Since maritime logistics environments have changed, increased container ship size, improvement of harbor equipment, global port operation and rapid technological development have had an significant effects on shipping and port industry, which is contributing to competitiveness of port. Since a larger volume of port throughputs are generally regarded as an indicator of the more competitive port, inefficient port operation could reduce its competitiveness. On the other hand, high efficient ports could increase their competitive power while increasing cargo volume. This study aims at comparing competitiveness of the ports in the Northeast Asia by investigating changes of container throughputs and evaluating efficiency performance of ports. Shift-Share analysis and Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) have been conducted with 21 Northeast Asian ports and then separated them into 4 groups for comparative analysis toidentify competitive position of each port. The results of this study show that Incheon and Gwangyang port have been decreased container cargo volume, while volume of Busan port would increase by means of active marketing, various route development and incentive policy for the port. 최근 글로벌화와 SCM의 발전으로 인한 국제무역량의 증가는 물동량의 확대로 이어지고 있다. 해운 항만 물류환경의 변화로 컨테이너선의 대형화, 하역장비의 고성능화 항만운영의 글로벌화 및 급격한 기술의 변화가 해운항만에 많은 영향을 미치고 있으며, 이로 인해 경쟁력의 우위를 확보하는 것은 이제 항만의 생존문제가 되고 있다. 항만 물동량이 많다는 것은 일반적으로 우세한 경쟁력을 지닌 항만이라고 할 수 있으나 다른 항만에 비해 효율적으로 운영되지 않으면 곧 경쟁력을 잃을 것이다. 반면에 특정시점에서 경쟁력이 낮은 항만일 지라도 효율성이 높은 항만은 경쟁력의 제고로 이어져 미래에는 우세한 항만이 될 수 도 있다. 본 연구에서는 동북아시아 항만간 물동량변화 추이 및 효율성 분석으로 항만경쟁력을 평가하여 국내항만의 경쟁력 제고방향을 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위한 실증분석에서는 항만물동량 성장추이와 경쟁우위를 파악할 수 있는 Shift-share기법과 DEA로 항만의 효율성을 분석하였다. 분석대상은 동북아시아 항만 총 21개로 하였으며, 두 기법의 결과를 종합적으로 분석하여 대상항만을 4가지 유형으로 구분하여, 동북아시아 항만 간 경쟁력 위치를 비교․분석하였다. 분석결과 우리나라의 대표적인 항만이 부산항은 여전히 성장세를 이어가고 있는 반면 인천항과 광양항은 성장추세가 둔화되고 있기 때문에 마케팅의 활성화와 항로의 다변화, 인센티브 제도 적극실시 등을 통해 물동량 확보에 보다 집중해야 할 것이다.