연안여객선 안전운항을 위한 안전임금 지원제도 도입방안 연구

전영우 한국해사법학회 2020 해사법연구 Vol.32 No.2

This article was intended to analyze and suggest the introduction of the safety wage subsidy system for the safe operation of coastal passenger ships where many seafarers, in particular, masters with high competency were willing to work on coastal passenger ships as one of key measures necessary to be implemented without failure in order to prevent a marine disaster - involving the lost of many lives, such as Sewol ferry disater, etc. - from reoccurring. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First of all, the main cause of the lost of many passengers arising from Sewol ferry disaster was analyzed and suggested to be a human error of the master and seafarers rather than the unseaworthiness of Sewol ferry. Thus it is essential to create an environment where many good quality seafarers with sense of responsibility are willing to work on board passenger ships in order to ensure the safe operation of coastal passenger ships. To do this, it is necessary to subsidize a safety wage aid in order to give a rise of wages of seafarers working on board coastal passenger ships up to 85% level of wages of seafarers working on board ocean-going passenger ships. And one passenger safety management personnel per 500 passengers was required to be served additionally on board after the Sewol ferry disaster. However, the author believes that this could hardly make sure proper rescue of passengers in emergencies. Therefore it is suggested to strengthen the relevant provisions so that one passenger safety management personnel per 250 passengers should be served additionally. It is also necessary for government to enact relevant legal base where the safety wage could be subsidized. Government should acquire necessary amount of budget accordingly. This safety wage subsidy system for passenger ships should be regarded as a short term measure. For mid-term and long term measures this system could adequately be incorporated when a quasi public operating system for coastal passenger ships is to be introduced in the future. It is expected that 15 millions of coastal passengers could safely be transported through the introduction and execution of the safety wage subsidy system for the safe operation of coastal passenger ships. 이 논문은 세월호 사고와 같은 대규모 인명사고의 예방을 위하여 반드시 추진되어야 할 과제로서 우수한 해기능력을 갖춘 선장 등 선원이 연안여객선에 승무하기를 희망할 수 있도록 하는 방안 등 연안여객선의 안전운항을 위한 안전임금 지원제도의 도입방안을 검토·제시하는 것을 목적으로 연구되었다. 이 연구 결과 도출된 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 세월호 사고로 인한 여객 등 인명사고의 주원인은 ‘세월호의 감항능력 부족’이라기 보다 선장 등 선원의 과실로 분석하였다. 따라서 연안여객선 안전운항을 확보하기 위해서는 책임감이 투철하고 보다 우수한 선원이 연안여객선에 승무를 희망할 수 있는 여건을 마련하여야 한다. 이를 위하여 연안여객선 선원의 임금수준을 외항여객선 선원의 85% 정도로 상향할 수 있도록 정부가 안전임금을 지원할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 세월호 사고 후 도입된 여객안전관리요원의 추가 승선인원은 여객정원 500명당 1인인데, 이것만으로는 위기시 여객에 대한 적절한 구호조치가 담보되기는 어렵다고 보고 정원 250명당 1인으로 강화할 것을 제안하였으며, 정부가 연안여객선의 안전운항을 위한 안전임금을 지원하는 법적 근거를 마련할 필요가 있으며, 그에 따라 정부는 지원예산을 마련할 필요가 있다. 이러한 여객선 안전운임 지원제도는 단기적 제안이며, 중·장기적으로 연안여객선 준공영제를 도입할 때 이를 적절히 흡수하여 운영될 수 있을 것이다. 연안여객선 안전운항을 위한 안전임금 지원제도의 도입과 시행을 통하여 연간 1,500만 명의 연안여객의 안전한 해상수송이 이루어지기를 기대한다.

연안여객선 안전관리법제에 관한 일고찰

임채현 한국해사법학회 2015 해사법연구 Vol.27 No.2

연안여객선의 사고는 많은 인명의 손실로 이어질 수 있어 그 예방이 무엇보다 중요하다. 2014년 발생한 비극적 세월호 전복사고 이후 이러한 사고가 재발되지 않도록 하기 위해 연안여객선의 안전 확보와 관련한 법제의 개정 및 정비 작업이 진행되어 왔다. 이에는 선박 자체의 감항성 유지를 위한 설비 및 선체와 관련한 규정, 선원의 교육·훈련 등 질적·양적 제고를 위한 규정, 그리고 연안여객선의 안전관리체계의 개선을 위한 규정 등의 개정 및 정비가 포함된다. 이와 관련하여 본 논문은 특히 연안여객선의 안전관리와 관련한 법제의 현황을 분석하여 문제점을 파악하고 개선 방향을 제시하여 연안여객선 안전 확보에 기여하고자 하였다. 이를 통해, 연안여객선 안전관리 법률로서의 해운법의 부적절성, 연안여객선 구분의 부적절성, 선령 연장의 부적절성, 안전관리주체의 혼란성, 그리고 기타 여객선의 개념, 선원의 질적 개선, 과적 방지 및 승객 안전 고지 등에 대해 문제점을 파악하고 그 개선 방향을 제시하였다. The prevention of the incident of coastal passenger ships is most important because the incidents of coastal passenger ships may cause tremendous loss of lives. The government of Korea has been trying to prevent recurrence of such incident through amending and improving the laws and systems in relation to the safety of coastal passenger ships. These include the amendment and improvement of laws and systems related with the ship's equipment and hull for maintaining the seaworthiness, the education, training and etc. of seamen for enhancing the quality and quantity of seamen, and the safety management system of coastal passenger ship for improving the system. In this sense, this paper tries to contribute to the enhancement of the safety of coastal passenger ship by way of suggesting the reformation points in relation with the problems identified by studying the laws and systems for the safety of coastal passenger ships. Through it all, this paper suggests the problems and its improvements regarding the irrelevance of the Marine Transportation Act as the safety management law of coastal passenger ship, the irrelevance of the classification of passenger ships, the improperness for the extension of limitation of ship's age for safe operation of coastal passenger ship, the confusion of the safety management authority and the minor problems regarding the concept of passenger ship, the quality enhancement of seamen, the prevention of overloading, the notification of safety concern to passenger and etc..

A Study on Passenger Safety Improvement Methods through the Analysis of Evacuation Equipment on Passenger ships

이진우,김이완 한국해양대학교 국제해양문제연구소 2017 해항도시문화교섭학 Vol.0 No.16

As a way to improve the safety of passenger ships in accordance with the safety awareness of the people that has increased since the Sewol accident, this study discusses ways to shorten the time to evacuate from the passenger ship through analysis of the standards of passenger ships’ lifesaving appliances and comparison of Embarkation and Launching duration(E+L) in several types of survival crafts. There are various life saving appliances including lifeboats, rescue boats, davit launched liferafts, inflatable liferafts and MES that can be installed on passenger ships. However, most of local passenger ships are quipped with inflatable liferafts. Escape times vary according to age, gender, equipment, training and injuries and the number of elderly people using passenger ships is increasing due to an increase in the number of cruise travelers and an aging population living on the coast in Korea. Thus, in order to secure the safety of passengers in case of emergency, consideration should be given to the mobility disadvantaged persons when installing passenger ship evacuation system. Therefore, it is necessary to consider installing an MES additionally to make it easier, quicker and safer to escape the ship and to ensure the safety of everyone on board.

연안여객선 안전공영제 도입을 위한 정책적 제언

이창희,전영우,김태균,조소현 한국해사법학회 2022 해사법연구 Vol.34 No.2

After the Sewol Ferry disaster, various physical and human regulatory framework such as revision of related laws and regulations and innovation of operation manager system have been strengthened and financial support system were prepared to improve the safety of coastal passenger ships. However, despite many of these institutional improvements and financial support decisions, the safe operation of coastal passenger ships is not guaranteed. This study was carried out to find one promising way to ensure the safe operation of coastal passenger ships. As a result of the study, it was concluded that “there is a need for the introduction of Safety Public Service System of Coastal Passenger Ships.” The Safety Public Service System proposed in this study is a system in which the government bears or supports some or all of the costs in order to ‘promote the safety of the people’ and ‘promote the people’s right to move’ using coastal passenger ships. Thus, it is thought that there is a need to enact a separate special law for the Safety Public Service System. The reason for this is first, where relevant individual laws and regulations are revised little by little to make the legal base, there could be a great possibility that the legislative purpose would not clearly come out and it would not work properly in reality. Therefore the process of clearly declaring the legislative purpose and the purpose of the ‘Safety Public Service System’ through enacting a special law is necessary. Second, there are many concepts needing an accurate definition thereof in the ‘Safety Public Service System’. Concepts such as 'safety', 'safety public service system', 'safety cost', etc. can be sociologically explained, but legally, these are terms requiring precise definition. Therefore, unless relevant terminologies are separately arranged in the existing Marine Transportation Act and Harbor Act, etc., when they suddenly appear in individual articles, there is a great risk that they may not be properly interpreted or narrowly reduced in the enforcement decree or ordinance. In particular, in the case of items accompanying the budget, and the scope of the subject is not clearly defined in the law, it is highly likely to become meaningless concept in reality. Thus, it is necessary to clarify the definition of the concept in a separate special law. Third, in the extension of the recent discussion on constitutional amendments, which emphasized the state's constitutional obligations to ensure individuals' right to safety, the National Assembly and the government, which are components of the state, should clearly declare their willingness to ensure safety of the people internally and externally. Furthermore, from the point of view of making it clear that the State is faithfully fulfilling its responsibility for a safe society, it is thought that enacting a special law for the introduction of the ‘Safety Public Service System’ of coastal passenger ships rather than revising individual laws is a more reasonable way. The budget required to implement this system is approximately KRW 24.1 billion per year. By creating the Safety Public Service System it is worth implementing and enforcing in the viewpoint of a single large-scale coastal passenger ship disaster can be prevented. Today, securing the people's right to safety is recognized as a role that should be given the highest priority among the national responsibilities. Therefore, it is thought that the introduction of the Safety Public Service System to promote the safe operation of coastal passenger ships and the national financial support required for its implementation are meaningful in terms of fulfilling the national responsibility for the Sewol Ferry disaster.

A Study on Passenger Safety Improvement Methods through the Analysis of Evacuation Equipment on Passenger ships

Lee, Jin-Woo(이진우),Kim, E-Wan(김이완) 한국해양대학교 국제해양문제연구소 2017 해항도시문화교섭학 Vol.0 No.16

이 연구는 세월호 사고 이후 변화하고 있는 국민의 안전의식에 부합하여 여객선에서의 안전을 향상시키기 위한 방안으로 여객선 안전장비 기준과 여객선에 설치되는 주요 안전장비별 기준을 분석하고, 여객선 탈출 장비 사용에 따른 소요시간을 비교 분석하여 비상 시 승객이 여객선에서 탈출하는 시간을 단축할 수 있는 방안을 고찰하였다. 여객선 탈출 장비는 구명정, 구조정, 데비트형 구명뗏목, 투하식 구명뗏목, 해상탈출설비(MES) 등 다양하지만 국내를 운항하는 여객선의 경우에는 대부분이 투하식 구명뗏목을 설치하고 있다. 비상 시 탈출시간은 연령별, 성별, 장비관련 교육 이수 여부, 부상여부에 따라서 차이를 보이기 때문에 증가하는 크루즈 여행객과 연안에 거주하는 인구의 고령화에 따라 증가하는 노약자 여객의 비상 시 안전을 확보하기 위해서는 여객선 피난장비를 설치할 때 교통약자에 대한 배려가 필요하다. 따라서 교통약자를 포함한 모든 여객선 승선인원이 쉽고, 빠르고, 안전하게 선박을 탈출할 수 있도록 해상탈출설비를 추가적으로 설치할 필요가 있다. As a way to improve the safety of passenger ships in accordance with the safety awareness of the people that has increased since the Sewol accident, this study discusses ways to shorten the time to evacuate from the passenger ship through analysis of the standards of passenger ships’ lifesaving appliances and comparison of Embarkation and Launching duration(E+L) in several types of survival crafts. There are various lifesaving appliances including lifeboats, rescue boats, davit launched liferafts, inflatable liferafts and MES that can be installed on passenger ships. However, most of local passenger ships are equipped with inflatable liferafts. Escape times vary according to age, gender, equipment, training and injuries and the number of elderly people using passenger ships is increasing due to an increase in the number of cruise travelers and an aging population living on the coast in Korea. Thus, in order to secure the safety of passengers in case of emergency, consideration should be given to the mobility disadvantaged persons when installing passenger ship evacuation system. Therefore, it is necessary to consider installing MES additionally to make it easier, quicker and safer to escape the ship and to ensure the safety of everyone on board.

여객선 해양사고 데이터를 이용한 고장 판단기법 개발에 관한 기초 연구 : 기관고장 및 조타장치 고장사고를 중심으로

박영수,박민정,이명기,김태균,박상원 한국해양경찰학회 2020 한국해양경찰학회보 Vol.10 No.1

선박의 기관고장 및 조타장치는 손상은 경미하지만, 여객이 탑승한 여객선에서 발 생하거나 선박의 이동이 잦은 해역에서 발생한다면, 2차 사고로 이어질 가능성이 높 다. 본 연구의 목적은 선박운항자나 실시간 모니터링 시스템 운영자의 의사결정을 지원하기 위해 여객선 고장 상황을 판단하는 기법을 개발하는 것이다. 이를 위해 우 리나라 여객선 이용객 현황 및 해양사고 현황을 조사했다. 그 결과 여객선 이용객은 증가하고 있는 추세인 반면, 등록 척 수 대비 여객선 해양사고는 꾸준히 높은 수준 이었다. 그러므로 여객선 해양사고 감소를 위한 정책이 필요함을 확인했다. 그리고 여객선 해양사고 조사와 고장 상황을 판단하는 방법 개발을 위해 관련 선행연구를 분석했다. 선행연구 분석 결과 고장상황을 판단하기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석과 의사 결정나무 기법을 선정했으며, 실제 여객선 해양사고 데이터를 적용하여 판단기법을 개발했다. 개발한 판단기법의 정확도는 의사결정나무 기법이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 의사결정나무 기법에 의한 판단기법의 검증을 위해 우리나라 연안여객선 및 국 제여객선의 항로가 다수 분포하고 있는 인천 부근 해역에 적용했으며, 91.8%의 정확 도를 나타냈다. 개발된 판단기법은 실시간으로 여객선을 감시하는 시스템 운영자에 게 의사결정을 할 수 있는 정보를 제공할 수 있으며, 추후 한계점을 보완한다면, 관 제구역에서의 여객선 고장상황을 판단하는 시스템으로 발전 할 수 있을 것이다. Engine and steering failure are minor, but it is likely to lead to a second accident if it occurs in a passenger ship or in a sea area where the ship moves frequently. The purpose of this study is to develop techniques to determine the situation of a passenger ship failure in order to support decision making by ship operators or real-time monitoring system operators. We investigated the current status of passengers and marine accidents in Korea. As a result, the number of passengers has been on the rise, while the number of passenger ship accidents relative to the number of registered ship has been consistently high. Therefore, it confirmed that policies are needed to reduce marine accidents on passenger ship. It then analyzed prior research on the investigation into the passenger ship's marine accident and how to determine the anomaly situation. Logistic regression and decision tree techniques were used to determine failure situations, and the judgment technique was developed by applying actual marine accident data. The accuracy of the judgment technique developed was analyzed to be high in the decision tree technique. The decision-making tree technique was applied to waters near Incheon, where the routes of South Korea's coastal and international passenger ships are widely distributed, and showed 91.8 percent accuracy. The developed judgment techniques could provide information to system operators who monitor passenger ships in real-time to make decisions and, if later, supplemented by the limits, could develop into a system to determine passenger ship failures in VTS areas.

지속가능한 낙도보조항로 정책에 관한 연구 - 친환경여객선 도입을 중심으로 -

한종길 ( Jong Khil Han ) 한국해운물류학회(구 한국해운학회) 2014 해운물류연구 Vol.30 No.4

본 연구에서는 낙도보조항로의 실태를 분석하고 낙도보조항로의 지속가능한 발전 방안의 일환으로 친환경여객선 도입방안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 낙도보조항로에 대한 지원 사업은 항로운영보조, 여객선건조지원, 도서민운임보조, 기항지 접안시설 개선 등이 있다. 본 연구에서는 여객선 국고건조사업에 초점을 맞추어 새로운 정책인 친환경여객선도입지원을 제안하였다. 이를 위하여 낙도보조항로의 현황에 대하여 분석하고 AHP분석법을 사용하여 친환경여객선 도입 시 중요도 요인과 함께 정책도입시기에 대하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 친환경선박의 추진연료인 LNG의 저장·공급 및 운항시 안정성 문제 개선, LNG선박의 접안시설 및 터미널 정비 및 계획 수립, LNG 추진선박 운항 전문가 양성 교육 순으로 친환경 LNG추진여객선 도입 시의 우선순위 요인들을 확인할 수 있었다. 또 정책 도입 시기에 대한 분석결과, 단기적으로는 선박이차보전사업의 확대, LNG추진 친환경여객선 공유건조제도 추진, LNG벙커링 관련 안전기준법규 마련 등이 정책과제로 제시되었고 장기정책과제로는 LNG추진선박선내공간문제개선, LNG추진선박연료사용방식표준화 등이 제시되었다. This study analyzed current situation and propose a policy measures for introduction of eco-friendly passenger ship as a sustainable development of remote island routes. Currently, Korean government have such supporting policies as subsidy for route operation deficit, subsidy for traveling expense for islander, shipbuilding subsidy for passenger ship, grant for reforming berthing facilities of passenger ship. This paper focused on shipbuilding subsidy for passenger ship and proposed government supporting of introduction of eco-friendly passenger ship for new policy measure through an AHP model, based on survey of experts of coastal shipping and analyzed importance factor and policy introduction time. Thus, experts from coastal shipping considered safety factor as a most important, fund-raising, technology and policy are follow. And reformation on the LNG storage, supply and operation safety, development of berthing facilities for LNG-powered passenger ship, education for seaman of LNG-powered ship were verified as most important as a detail. And we identified grant for shipbuilding finance, co-ownership with government and shipping company for LNG-powered ship as a short-term policy measures and reformation on the LNG-powered ship’s space, usage standardization of LNG-powered ship as a long-term policy.

<해녀노젓는소리> 가창기연의 소멸 시기

이성훈 한국민요학회 2008 한국민요학 Vol.24 No.-

This study aims to verify the time of extinction of the chances to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs> through the process of changes in the types of ships and diving suits used by women divers when leaving for mainland and working in the sea. In order to move out to working sites to catch marine products, women divers used the method of swimming and sailing in the ship. The chances to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs> were when women divers swam or rowed a sailboat to the working sites. In this study, I estimated the time of extinction of chances to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs>, which had not drawn attention in the past, through the process of changes in the types of ships and diving suits used by women divers. Details of discussion are summarized as of the following. The act of rowing, the chance to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs>, in leaving for mainland had been common up until 1930s as women divers left for mainland by using only the sailing boats from around 1889 to the 1930s, the period in which leaving for mainland by women divers first started. From the 1940s to the 1950s, motor ships and steam-and-sail boats were used to leave for mainland. Therefore, the act of rowing rapidly decreased. Also, as regular passenger ships entered service between Jeju-do and Mokpo․Busan in 1963, women divers used mainly the passenger ships rather than motor ships and steam-and-sail boats to leave for mainland. With this, the act of rowing disappeared as well. It is considered that the act of rowing, the chance to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs>, completely disappeared in the 1960s. In terms of the time of extinction of the chances to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs> when rowing sailboats to working sites in the coast, the act of rowing a sailboat, the chance to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs>, in Geoje-si and Sacheon-si among the western districts of Gyeongsangnam-do, continued on until the end of the 1960s and is thought to be extinct with introduction of powerboats. Also, the time of extinction of the chances to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs> when swimming out to working sites in the coast is thought to be after the 1970s in which rubber diving suits and fins were introduced. This study aims to verify the time of extinction of the chances to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs> through the process of changes in the types of ships and diving suits used by women divers when leaving for mainland and working in the sea. In order to move out to working sites to catch marine products, women divers used the method of swimming and sailing in the ship. The chances to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs> were when women divers swam or rowed a sailboat to the working sites. In this study, I estimated the time of extinction of chances to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs>, which had not drawn attention in the past, through the process of changes in the types of ships and diving suits used by women divers. Details of discussion are summarized as of the following. The act of rowing, the chance to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs>, in leaving for mainland had been common up until 1930s as women divers left for mainland by using only the sailing boats from around 1889 to the 1930s, the period in which leaving for mainland by women divers first started. From the 1940s to the 1950s, motor ships and steam-and-sail boats were used to leave for mainland. Therefore, the act of rowing rapidly decreased. Also, as regular passenger ships entered service between Jeju-do and Mokpo․Busan in 1963, women divers used mainly the passenger ships rather than motor ships and steam-and-sail boats to leave for mainland. With this, the act of rowing disappeared as well. It is considered that the act of rowing, the chance to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs>, completely disappeared in the 1960s. In terms of the time of extinction of the chances to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs> when rowing sailboats to working sites in the coast, the act of rowing a sailboat, the chance to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs>, in Geoje-si and Sacheon-si among the western districts of Gyeongsangnam-do, continued on until the end of the 1960s and is thought to be extinct with introduction of powerboats. Also, the time of extinction of the chances to sing <Women Divers’ Rowing Songs> when swimming out to working sites in the coast is thought to be after the 1970s in which rubber diving suits and fins were introduced.

화물관리인과 임시승선자

최석윤(Suk-Yoon Choi),홍성화(Sung-Hwa Hong),하창우(Chang-Woo Ha) 한국항해항만학회 2018 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.추계

이 논문은 선박안전법시행규칙 제5조 제9호에 규정된 임시승선자의 연혁과 현황을 살펴보고, 외국의 입법례를 참고하여 개선방안을 제시하였다. 2015년 해양수산부장관은 농산물·수산물·가축 운송차량 등의 운전자를 임시승선자로 규정한 선박안전법시행규칙 제5조 제9호는 여객선에만 적용되고 화물선에는 적용되지 않는다는 유권해석을 내렸다. 이러한 유권해석은 전통적 해석방법론 뿐만 아니라 오늘날 일반적으로 통용되는 해석방법론에도 부합하지 않기 때문에 근거가 부족하고 설득력이 없어 보이며, 이 방법론에 따르면 선박안전법시행규칙 제5조 제9 호는 여객선뿐만 아니라 화물선에도 적용될 수 있다. 또한, 로로화물선의 경우 선원과 동승하여 생활하는 선원의 가족이나 선박소유자 등은 임시승선자로 인정하더라도 승선인원의 안전과 선박의 안전운항에 문제가 없다고 하면서도, 화물관리인은 임시승선사로 인정하지 않는 것은 형평성에도 어긋날 뿐만 아니라 논리적 모순이 있다. 따라서 불필요한 논쟁과 송사를 피하기 위해서는 법률개정을 통한 입법론으로 개선방안을 마련하는 것이 바람직하며, 우리나라에서 운송되는 화물의 특수성이나 선박 운항의 특수성과 물류시스템의 현황을 반영하고, 자의적인 해석이 아니라 일반인의 상식적 판단에 따른 객관적 기준을 제시하기 위해서는 선박안전법시행규칙 제5조 제9호는 “화물의 특성상 특별한 관리가 필요한 농산물·수산물 운송차량, 가축 운송차량 및 폭발성·인화성 물질 운송차량의 화물관리인(운전자는 화물관리인을 겸할 수 있다)”으로 개정 하여야 한다. : This research paper examines the history and present of temporary passengers prescribed in Paragraph 9 of Article 5 of the Ships Safety Act Enforcement Regulations and suggests improvement plans referring to the examples of legislation of other countries. In 2015, Ministry of Ocean and Fisheries made authoritative interpretation that Paragraph 9 of Article 5 of the Ships Safety Act Enforcement Regulations, which prescribes special cargo drivers such as agricultural, marine or livestock vehicles as temporary passengers, is applied only to passenger ships and not to cargo ships such including Ro-Ro cargo ships. As the authoritative interpretation of the Ministry does not agree with not only the traditional interpretational methodology but also the interpretational methodology that are commonly used today, it lacks logical basis and looks unpersuasive. Paragraph 9 of Article 5 of the Ships Safety Act Enforcement Regulations can be applied not only on passenger ships but also on cargo ships. Also in case of Ro-Ro cargo ships, it is logically contradictory and against fairness not to acknowledge special cargo vehicle drivers as temporary passengers when there is no problem with safe navigation and safety of passengers on board even when the sailor, the sailor s family and the ship owner may be acknowledged as temporary passengers. To avoid unnecessary disputes and lawsuits, improvement plans using theory of legislation through statutory reform is more desirable. Therefore, the Paragraph should be amended to Supercargo who deals with cargo that requires special care due to the characteristics of the cargo, such as transportation vehicles for agricultural products, marine products, livestock, explosives or flammable materials (drivers can serve as supercargos) to reflect the distinct characteristics of cargo and ship navigation in Korea including the current distribution system, while setting an objective standard based on common sense of ordinary people and not on arbitrary interpretation.

연안여객선의 대중교통화에 따른 공공지원과 발전방향

이원일(Lee, Won-Il) 한국해양대학교 국제해양문제연구소 2022 해항도시문화교섭학 Vol.- No.27

본 연구의 목적은 최근 국내 연안여객선의 대중교통화에 따른 공공적 지원과 향후 발전 방향을 논의해보는 것이다. 본 연구는 장기적으로 도로와 철도, 전철 등의 육상교통과 함께 연안여객선이 대중교통으로 자리 잡기 위한 방향을 가늠해 보고자 한다. 최근에 우리나라는 대중교통법의 개정이 이루어졌고, 2021년부터는 연안여객선이 법적으로 분명한 대중교통의 지위를 인정받게 되었다. 여객선은 연안과 섬 지역에 사는 주민들에게 육상의 대중교통과 크게 다르지 않기 때문이다. 이것은 여객선의 공공성 향상 및 연안과 도서 지역 주민들에 대한 교통복지 보장, 사회복지 증대에 긍정적인 현상으로 평가된다. 하지만 우리나라 연안 해상교통의 대중화 방향은 아직 시작점에 있으며, 정부의 본격적인 공공지원도 초기 단계로 분석된다. 이에 단기적 관점에서 현재의 연안여객선 준공영제 사업은 운항에 따른 결손액 지원과 적자항로의 유지에 집중되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구는 장기적으로 연안여객선의 대중교통화와 교통복지 증진에 따른 발전 방향으로 노후 선박의 교체와 신규 건조 지원, 연안 여객 운송사업의 시장구조 개선, 연안 여객 선사에 대한 금융 및 세제 지원, 연안 여객운송 서비스 질 향상 등을 제안하였다. The theme and purpose of this study was to discuss public support and future development directions for the public transportation of Korean coastal passenger ships. This study proposed a long-term direction for coastal passenger ships to become public transportation recognized by citizens, such as buses, railways, and subways. Recently, the Public Transportation Act was revised in Korea, and coastal passenger ships have been legally recognized as public transportation since 2021. The institutional changes in the Public Transportation Act contributed to the increase in the publicity or public interest of Korean coastal passenger ships and the increase of welfare for residents living in coastal areas. However, the popularization of coastal transportation in Korea is still at the starting point, and the governments public support has also been analyzed as an early stage. From a short-term perspective, the governments public policy on coastal passenger ships has been shown to focus on supporting private losses and maintaining deficit routes. Therefore, this study suggested four policy directions for coastal passenger ships to become public transportation. It was the governments support for building ships, improving the coastal passenger ship market structure, financial and tax support, and improving passenger service quality.