김석범 문학이 재현하는 사건의 교차성

조수일 ( CHO Suil ) 국제한국문학문화학회 2021 사이 Vol.30 No.-

본 논문은 제주 4ㆍ3 사건, 5ㆍ18 광주민주화운동, 고마쓰가와(小松川) 사건을 재현하는 김석범 문학의 양상을 고찰하고, 김석범 문학 읽기를 통해 도출할 수 있는 문학적 지표를 범박하게 제시하였다. 첫째, 김석범 문학에 있어 ‘사건’이란, 죽은 자의 목소리와 산 자의 목소리를 교차시키는 것이다. 김석범 문학은 주체가 되어 불가시화/불가청화된 존재의 목소리를 가시화/가청화함으로써 상상과 사유의 가능성, 새로운 역사의 연속성을 연다. 둘째, 김석범 문학에 있어 ‘사건’이란, 사건과 사건을 교차시키는 것이다. 김석범 문학은 한 사건에 대해 시공간을 달리하는 사건과 ‘겹쳐보기’를 하며 역사의 반복성을 확인하고, 또 동시에 자기 성찰과 그 언어화를 통해 과거 청산을 촉구한다. 셋째, 김석범 문학에 있어 ‘사건’이란, 개별성과 보편성을 교차시키는 것이다. 김석범 문학은 개별적이고 특수한 사건을 문학적으로 재현함으로써 ‘들여다보기’의 다양한 가능성을 제안하는데, 개별적이고 특수한 것에서 전체와 보편을 지향하고, 또 개별적이고 특수한 것으로 회귀하여 사유하는 것이 바로 문학이 갖는 순환의 힘이 아닐까 생각한다. This paper considers the aspects of Kim Sokpom’s works that reproduce the Jeju 4ㆍ3 Incident, Gwangju Democratization Movement, and Komatsugawa Incident, and presented literary indicators that can be derived through Kim Sokpom’s works reading. First, in Kim Sokpom’s works, the ‘incident’ is to cross the voices of the dead with the voices of the living. Kim Sokpom’s works opens the possibility of imagination, reason, and continuity of new history by becoming the subject and visualizing/audible voices of beings. Second, in Kim Sokpom’s works, ‘incident’ is the intersection of incident and incident. Kim Sokpom’s works calls for the liquidation of the past through self-reflection and linguization by “overlapping” with events that vary time and space. Third, in Kim Sokpom’s works, ‘incident’ is the intersection of individuality and universality. Kim Sokpom’s works proposes various possibilities of “look-in” by reproducing individual and special events, and I think it is the power of circulation in literature to aim for the whole and universal from individual and special.

오오카 쇼헤이(大岡昇平)의 『사건(事件)』론 ― 고마쓰가와 사건과 1960-70년대 소년범죄를 중심으로 ―

남상현 한국일본학회 2020 日本學報 Vol.0 No.123

Since Shōhei Ōoka's Jiken was published in 1961, it is obvious that Jiken was influenced by the Komatsugawa incident. The fact that Jiken described boy’s murder as an ordinary juveniles crime story instead of the Komatsugawa incident is an evidence of anti-reaction to the social awareness interpreting Komatsugawa incident only as a national matter. In the current thesis, I tried to analyze the perception of juvenile crime in 1960s and the trial described in Jiken for examining the problems that Ōoka wanted to point out. Furthermore, by examining the process of acceptance of Jiken in 1970s, I endeavored to figure out the issue of juvenile crimes and executions that were formed in Japanese society in the 1960s and 1970s. To comment, Ōoka sought a real and ideal solution through Jiken by describing a juvenile crime without considering any political and ideological issues. He urged understanding of the juvenile delinquency at that time, and pointed out inconsistencies in the outcome of the trial in reality. He also tried to explain the juvenile trial realistically and critically through mystery-suspense plots to excite the reader's interest. After reading Jiken with these points of view, Jiken can be regarded as a novel dealing with juvenile crimes as well as Komatsugawa incident unlike the previous studies which dealt with trial matters only. Thus, Jiken can be considered as Ōoka’s social accusations and comments on wrong rulings, such as juvenile executions, and as a work that revealed the problem of a boy in death row in Japan in the 1960s and 1970s. 오오카 쇼헤이(大岡昇平)의 『사건(事件)』은 집필 시기가 1961년이라는 점에서 고마쓰가와 사건(小松川事件)의 영향을 받은 것을 알 수 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 소년의 살인을 누구에게나 있을 법한 평범한 이야기로 풀어낸 점은 고마쓰가와 사건을 민족적 틀에서만 해석하려는 사회적 분위기에 대한 반발에서 비롯된 것이라고 본다. 이에 따라 본고는 『사건』에서 묘사한 소년범죄와 재판과정 및 결과를 분석하여 오오카가 소설을 통하여 지적하고자 한 현실의 문제점과 그에 관한 인식을 고찰하고자 하였다. 더 나아가 1977년 단행본으로 출판된 이후의 수용 양상을 살펴봄으로써 1960년대와 1970년대 일본사회에 형성된 소년범죄와 사형에 대한 문제의식까지 검토할 수 있을 것이라고 판단하였다. 그 결과, 오오카는 『사건』에서 정치적, 사상적의 문제 보다는 소년범죄에 초점을 두고 당시 횡행하고 있는 소년범죄에 대한 이해를 촉구하고, 현실의 재판 결과에 대한 모순을 지적하여 오오카가 추구한 이상적 결말을 제시하며 문학을 통한 진정한 해결을 도모하였다. 또한, 소년의 살인을 다루는 재판에 대하여 현실적으로 설명하면서도 추리적 요소를 통해 재판의 문제점을 비판하는 양상을 갖추며 독자의 흥미를 불러 일으켰다. 『사건』을 이와 같은 오오카의 시도로 다시 읽을 때 재판소설로 읽던 기존의 관점에서 나아가 소년범죄 문제와 고마쓰가와 사건의 소년사형과 같은 잘못된 판결에 대한 오오카의 사회 고발과 지적이라는 것을 알 수 있다. 동시에 1960-70년대 일본의 소년 사형수의 사건에 대한 문제의식까지 함께 볼 수 있는 작품이라는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

재일조선인 혐오의 계보와 인권운동 -고마쓰가와 사건, 김희로 사건, 히타치 투쟁을 중심으로-

이영호 ( Lee Young-ho ) 한민족문화학회 2021 한민족문화연구 Vol.74 No.-

본고는 일본에서 재일조선인을 대상으로 발생한 혐오 사건의 계보를 정리하고 고마쓰가와 사건, 김희로 사건, 히타치투쟁을 통해 재일조선인 인권운동의 의미와 역할을 규명한다.간토대지진 당시 조선인학살부터 최근의 헤이트스피치까지 재일조선인을 대상으로 한 혐오사건이 계속되고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 재일조선인들은 인권운동을 전개하며 혐오에 대한 투쟁을 가시화한다. 1958년 이진우의 고마쓰가와 사건, 1968년 김희로 사건, 1970년 박종석의 히타치투쟁 등은 일본사회에 재일조선인의 존재를 알리는 사건이었다.인권운동 발생 이후의 전개를 살펴봄으로써 일본 언론의 조선인에 대한 부정적 표상의 확산, 공권력의 비상식적인 절차 수행과정, 일본사회 기저에 내재된 재일조선인을 향한 혐오감정을 종합적으로 확인할 수 있다.재일조선인 인권운동은 일본의 혐오와 배타적 내셔널리즘을 공론화하며 일본 시민사회 및 국제사회와 연대한다. 이와 같은 재일조선인의 활동은 공생사회 일본을 향한 행보이자 혐오와 배타적 내셔널리즘의 안티테제로서 재일조선인의 역할을 증명하는 것이다. This thesis organizes the lineage of hatred incidents targeting Korean residents in Japan, and also examines the meanings and roles of human rights movement for Korean residents in Japan through Komatsugawa incident, Kim Hee-Ro incident, and Hitachi fight.From the massacre of Koreans during the Great Kanto earthquake to the recent hate-speech, the hatred incidents targeting Korean residents in Japan have been continued. Under this situation, the Korean residents in Japan visualize their fight against hatred by developing human rights movement. The incidents like Lee Jin-Woo’s Komatsugawa incident in 1958, Kim Hee-Ro incident in 1968, and Park Jong-Seok’s Hitachi fight in 1970 informed the existence of Korean residents in Japan to Japanese society.By examining the development after the human rights movement, it is possible to comprehensively verify the spread of negative representation of Koreans in Japanese media, irrational procedural performance process of governmental authority, and hatred against Korean residents in Japan, inherent in the basis of Japanese society.The human rights movement for Korean residents in Japan brings up the hatred and exclusive nationalism of Japan to the public sphere, and also builds up the solidarity with Japanese civil society and international society. Such activities of Korean residents in Japan are not only the movement towards Japanese symbiotic society, but also proving the roles of Korean residents in Japan as an antithesis of hatred and exclusive nationalism.

‘고마쓰가와 사건’의 감옥 글쓰기와 재일조선인의 ‘이름’을 둘러싼 자기 기획: 『죄와 죽음과 사랑(罪と死と愛と)』(1963), 『이진우 전서간집』(1979)을 중심으로

조은애 동악어문학회 2023 동악어문학 Vol.90 No.-

The purpose of this article is to analyze the exchanged correspondence between Yi Jin-woo, a Zainichi Korean death row inmate known as the culprit of the Komatsugawa Incident, and journalist Park Soo-nam as a case of “prison writing.” It aims to shed light on the scripts of self-designing regarding the life/death of Zainichi Korean individuals. Particularly, attention is drawn to the divergent reasoning of the two Zainichi Korean individuals, who can be considered as co-authors of the prison writing affected by the incident, as decisively revealed in the use and transformation of “proper names.” Through this perspective, the self-narratives produced through prison writing following the Komatsugawa Incident can be interpreted as scripts that are constructed within the naming of various layers, shedding light on the subject’s planning. First and foremost, it is noteworthy that Yi Jin-woo attempted to sign with his Korean name, asserting the singularity inherent in his own name. The Korean name “Jin-woo” exists solely within his own writing, performed through the formal rigor and declarative nature of the signature, where we discover an inherent singularity that cannot be attacked, damaged, or violated by any means. On the other hand, Park Soo-nam, in her work titled “The Complete Correspondence of Yi Jin-woo” published in 1979, 16 years after “Crime, Death and Love”, demonstrates an attempt to expand the name “Yi Jin-woo” into a more typical and collective name. It is a method of reappropriating the Zainichi Korean character “R” and “Rs” from Oshima Nagisa’s film “Death by Hanging,” released in 1968, as “another R.” Park Soo-nam’s process of twisting the representation of “R” from the film “Death by Hanging,” which was accepted as a “typical” portrayal of Zainichi Korean individuals and “faced death,” to find a new direction of “life” rather than “death,” was achieved through a connection with the writings of male/national subjects who were authors of prison writing, such as Yi Jin-woo, Kim Hee-ro, Seo Seung and Seo Jun-sik. Although they each had different political and socio-cultural implications, the sense of connecting it with the time of the “nameless others” allowed for its realization.

오에 겐자부로의 외치는 소리(1962) 속 소년과 죽음, 범죄에 관한 소고

남상현 중앙대학교 외국학연구소 2021 외국학연구 Vol.- No.58

Sakebigoe deals with the Juvenile crime even it affected from the Komatsugawa Incident and reconstructed it. Hence, in this article, I analyzed the Sakebigoe as a Crime story. I reviewed Takao’s desperate for the death and the Ōe’s perspective how he accepted the social problems. Takao, the 18-year-old boy, commits the rape-murder to prove himself as an ‘authentique’. However, he got the real identity when his mother called his own name and accepted him as it is, not through the murder. This shows the importance of acceptance from their family, mother. Despite the boy’s murder is hugely important in Sakebigoe, recognition of it is hard to find out. There is no comment about juvenile protection nor victims. Absent of victims naturally leads to the absent of atonement. This tells the Ōe’s perspective who did not focuse on Juvenile crime but agonize over the Zainich’s problems or existentialism. Also means there’s a paradox of reading Sakebigoe as a Juvenile Crime story. Nevertheless, the result comes because I tried to review and relocate the Sakebigoe as a Crime story, and it is meaningful in that this study can give room to fill in the areas of Ōe’s studies that have been overlooked.