12주간의 지구성 트레이닝이 혈중 알라닌 및 글루타민 농도에 미치는 영향

이진석 ( Jin Seok Lee ),박성규 ( Sung Kyu Park ),이광규 ( Kwang Kyu Lee ),김남표 ( Nam Pyo Kim ),강민수 ( Min Soo Kang ),박해찬 ( Rae Chan Park ) 고려대학교 스포츠과학연구소 2011 스포츠科學論叢 Vol.18 No.-

본 연구에서는 훈련경험이 없는 성인 남성을 대상으로, 지구성 트레이닝에 따른 혈중 알라닌 농도와 혈중 글루타민 농도의 변화를 알아보고자 지구성 트레이닝을 12주간 실시하였다. 지구성 트레이닝은 3회/주, 60분/일, 60% VO2max로 트레드밀에서 지속주를 실시하였다. 그리고 2주차부터 주별로 본 운동시 동일한 운동강도로 지속주 트레이닝을 함에 있어 운동시간을 2분씩 증가시켰다. 최대산소섭취량 측정을 위한 운동부하검사는 트레이닝 전·후에 실시하였고, 알라닌과 글루타민의 혈중 농도는 트레이닝 전·후의 최대하 운동 검사 전·후 각 2회 실시하여 총 4회 측정하였다. 지구성 트레이닝을 실시하기 전의 최대하 운동 전과 지구성 트레이닝을 실시한 후의 최대하 운동 전 간에 혈중 알라닌 농도와 혈중 글루타민 농도 모두 유의한 감소가 나타났다. 또한 지구성 트레이닝을 실시하기 전의 최대하 운동 후와 지구성 트레이닝을 실시한 후의 최대하 운동 후 간에도 혈중 알라닌 농도와 혈중 날루타민 농도 모두 유의한 감소가 나타났다. 하지만, 최대산소섭취량과 최대하 운동 전·후의 혈중 알라닌 농도와 혈중 글루타민 농도의 변화율은 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 지구성 트레이닝 후 체내 알라닌과 글루타민의 대사가 보다 효율적으로 이루어져 운동수행능력을 유지할 수 있게 된 것이라고 생각된다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in blood alanine concentration and blood glutamine concentration on non trained men after 12 weeks of endurance Training. Endurance Training was performed using the treadmill at 6O%VO2max for 60 minutes continuance, 3 times a week. From the second week continuance training was increased by 2 minutes with the same exercise Intensity. Treadmill test were taken at pre-post of training program to measure the maximal oxygen uptake and blood alanine concentration and blood glutamine concentration were measured 4 times, pre-post of submaximal training on pre-post of training. Before submaximal exercise before endurance Training and before submaximal exercise after endurance training, there was a significant decrease in blood alanine concentration and blood glutamine concentration Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in blood alanine concentration and blood glutamine concentration after submaximal exercise before endurance Training and after submaximal exercise after endurance Training. However, there was no significant changes in blood alanine concentration and blood glutamine concentration on maximal oxygen uptake and pre-post of submaximal exercise. In conclusion, it is thought that alanine and glutamine metabolism of the body is more effective to maintain the ability to perform exercise after endurance training.

트레이닝 방법(MRT, ET)에 따른 혈장의 과산화지질 및 항산화효소 농도에 미치는 영향

주용식(Ju Yong-Sik) 한국체육과학회 2005 한국체육과학회지 Vol.14 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise trainings, 12weeks endurance and Muscle resistance trainings based on the changes of MDA and SOD, CAT, concentrations which were known to bemarkers of antioxidant defense system. To accomplish this purpose, nine teen high school students was selected and chosen as the subjects and also were divided into 2 groups muscle resistance training(MRT) group endurance training(ET) group. MRT and ET groups conducted their respective exercise trainings in 3 times a week for 3 months at 70-80% of 1RM and HRmax, respectively. The results were as follows: 1. In MRT and ET group, MDA concentration in all-out stage was found to have a significant increased. According to the one-way ANOVA analysis, MRT-ET was found to have a significant difference after training. 2. In MRT group, SOD concentration was found to have a significant difference in resting and all-out respectively. In ET group, SOD showed a significant increase only in resting. According to the one-way ANOVA analysis, MRT-ET were found to have a significant difference before and after training. 3. In MRT and ET groups, CAT concentration was found to have a significant difference in resting and all-out stages, respectively. According to one-way ANOVA analysis, MRT-ET was found to have not significant difference before and after training. As a result, it was found that and muscle resistance training and endurance training increased not only MDA but antioxidant enzyme concentrations. In particular, was found muscle resistance training to have more effective increase than endurance training in SOD and CAT concentrations and then endurance training was also found to have more effective increase then muscle resistance training in CAT concentrations.

8주간 유산소 훈련에 따른 여자대학생의 항산화능 및 임파구 DNA 손상 변화

조수연(Su Youn Cho),노희태(Hee Tae Roh) 한국사회체육학회 2011 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.44

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of endurance exercise training on antioxidant capacity and lymphocyte DNA damages caused by cardiorespiratory endurance and 85%V·O2max all-out exercise by conducting an 8 weeks endurance exercise training for 19 healthy female undergraduates. To achieve the purpose of this study, treadmill running was conducted at the intensity of 70%HRR for 8 weeks. Before and after the training, 85%V·O2max all-out exercise test was conducted. At the 85%V·O2max all-out exercise test, blood samples were taken 5 times respectively before and after the training. With the samples, serum lactate, plasma SOD, and lymphocyte DNA damages were analyzed. The results of the study showed that V·O2max and exercise duration increased significantly(p<.05) after the 8 weeks endurance exercise training. It was also showed that serum lactate caused by high intensity acute exercise decreased significantly at each time of blood taking after the endurance exercise training(p<.05). There were significant differences in the activity of plasma SOD and lymphocyte DNA damages after the endurance exercise training(p<.05). It was also found that there are significant correlations between the changes of V·O2max caused by the 8 weeks endurance exercise training and the changes of plasma SOD, %DNA in the tail and tail moment. Conclusively, 8 weeks regular endurance exercise training can decrease DNA damages by increasing cardiorespiratory endurance and the activity of anti-oxidant and relieving oxidative stress.

장기간의 트레이닝 형태가 혈장의 과산화지질 및 CAT, GPX 농도에 미치는 영향

주용식 한국체육과학회 2007 한국체육과학회지 Vol.16 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise trainings, 12weeks Endurance and Muscle resistance training and Endurance training based on the changes of MDA and CAT, GPX concentrations which were known to be markers of antioxidant defense system. To accomplish this purpose, nine teen high school students was selected and chosen as the subjects and also were divided into 3 groups muscle resistance training group(MRT), endurance training(ET) group and control groups(CG). MRT and ET groups conducted their respective exercise trainings in 3 times a week for 3 months at 70~80% of 1RM and HRmax, respectively. The results were as follows :1. In MRT and ET group, MDA concentration in all-out stage was found to have a significant increased. 2. In MRT and ET groups, CAT concentration was found to have a significant difference in resting and all-out stages, respectively. before and after training.3. In MRT groups, GPX concentration was found to have a significant difference in all-out stages, and then ET group was also found to have a significant difference in resting and all-out stage. respectively. before and after training.As a result, it was found that and Muscle resistance training and endurance training increased not only MDA but antioxidant enzyme concentrations.

지구성 훈련과 L-arginine 섭취가 운동 중 에너지 기질 이용 및 운동수행능력에 미치는 영향

최성근(Choi Sung-Keun),정승삼(Joung Seung-Sam),이천호(Lee Cheon-Ho) 한국체육과학회 2010 한국체육과학회지 Vol.19 No.4

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of endurance training and L-arginine supplementation for 6 weeks on energy substrate utilization and endurance performance during exercise in female students at K college. The respiratory quotient decreased in the case of endurance training treated group in comparison with water treated group, but L-arginine treated group is increased. The glucose concentration decreased L-arginine treated group in comparison with water treated group at the 0 and 15 minutes during exercise. The lactate concentration decreased in the case of endurance training treated group and L-arginine treated group in comparison with water treated group from 15 to 60 minutes during exercise. The triglyceride and insulin concentration showed no difference between each treated group. The free fatty acid concentration increased in the case of endurance training treated group in comparison with water treated group from 30 to 60 minutes during exercise, but L-arginine treated group is decreased. The glucagon concentration increased in the case of L-arginine treated group in comparison with water treated group from 15 to 60 minutes during exercise, The amount of all out time to exhaustion period could be ordered as following: water treated group 69.22min, L-arginine treated group 77.11min, endurance training treated group 80.00min. These results suggested that L-arginine supplementation may increase endurance performance same as endurance training.

단거리 선수의 주기화 트레이닝이 근력, 근지구력, 민첩성, 순발력 및 유연성에 미치는 영향

백형훈 한국학교체육학회 2004 한국학교 체육학회지 Vol.14 No.2

본 연구는 단거리 남자 고등학교 선수의 주기화 트레이닝이 근지구력, 민첩성, 순발력 및 유연성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 주기화집단(실험집단)과 전통집단(비교집단)으로 나누어 운동프로그램을 달리하여 운동프로그램을 진행시켰다. 남자고등학교 육상부를 실험집단(8명, 주기화 프로그램 적용)과 비교집단(8명, 전통 프로그램)으로 나누어 14주 동안 주당 6회, 1일 5시간동안(오전 오후운동 포함) 체력강화 트레이닝을 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결론에 도달하였다. 1. 근력요인 중 악력과 배근력에서 유의한 변화를 나타내지는 않았지만 비교집단은 감소경향을 나타낸 반면에 실험집단은 증가경향을 나타내었다. 2. 근지구력요인에서는 윗몸일으키기, 턱걸이에서 사전과 사후에 각각 집단차이가 나타났고(p<.05, p<.05),실험 집단은 3개요인 모두 집단 내 시기간 변화에서 각각 유의한 증가변화를 나타내었다(p<.05, p<.05, p<.05). 3. 순발력요인 중 제자리멀리뛰기에서 실험집단이 유의한 향상을 나타내어(p<.05) 비교집단에 비해 향상정도가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 4. 민첩성 요인 중 반응시간과 사이드 스텝에서 실험집단이 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았지만 더 큰 향상 경향을 나타내었다. 5. 유연성 요인 중 실험집단에서만 체전굴과 체후굴에서 유의한 증가를 나타내었다(p<.05, p<.05) 결론적으로 전통프로그램도 체력향상에 기여하는바가 크지만 주기화 프로그램의 적용시 기초체력요인들의 향상정도가 큰 것으로 판단되어, 주기화 트레이닝 프로그램의 구성과 적용이 운동선수의 체력 향상에 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 단거리 경기력의 더욱 효과적 향상을 위해서는 연령시기나 성별 그리고 운동 수준을 고려한 주기화 프로그램의 구성과 적용에 관심을 가져야 할 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study is periodized training's effect to special physical strength for sprinter. So, I study this project for 14 weeks, six days a week, five hours a day(twice a day, include morning and afternoon exercise) with 20 men of high school student(nine of traditional group, eleven of periodized group). Traditional group did traditional training with periodized group at same day, same training. Periodized group did periodized training by stage. I measured two times. First at before starting this study, second at after fourteen weeks. I analyze that measurement, I found that conclusion. 1. From muscular strength, Periodized group is more increasing than traditional group. 2. Factor of sprint, I compared muscular endurance. Periodized training group shows much more increasing of records pattern in muscular endurance than traditional training group(p<.05). 3. Factor of sprint, I compared power. Periodized training group shows much more increasing pattern in all of two events than traditional training group. 4. Factor of sprint, I compared agility. Periodized training group shows much more reduction of records pattern in all of two events than traditional training group. 5. Factor of sprint, I compared flexibility. Periodized training group shows much more increasing pattern in all of two events than traditional training group. In conclusion, sprinter's periodized training program affects affirmative to muscular strength, muscular endurance, agility, power and flexibility. But, in commonness, periodized group's special strength is better than traditional group's that. And they show fast adaption. So, if we shore up this periodized training program, we can do more effective sprint periodized training.

Effects of Weight Training Program to Improve Muscle Hypertrophy and Muscular Endurance on Changes in Body Composition and Muscle Tone

YiFei Zhang,Young Je Sim 대한스포츠물리치료학회 2022 정형스포츠물리치료학회지 Vol.18 No.1

Purpose: This study is to compare and analyze changes in body composition and changes in muscle tone of the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, quadriceps and hamstrings at rest after 10 weeks of weight training to improve muscle hypertrophy and muscular endurance. Methods: Twenty participants who were randomly assigned to group that performed weight training for muscle hypertrophy and group that performed circuit weight training for muscular endurance. Weight training groups were performed three times a week for 10 weeks with 60 minutes a day. For muscle hypertrophy weight training, performed 8 to 10 repetitions of one event in with an intensity of 80% 1 repetition maximum (RM), and 60 seconds of rest between events and repeat 3 sets, the rest period between sets was 3 minutes. For muscular endurance circuit weight training, performed 30 to 40 repetitions of one event in with an intensity of 40% 1 RM, and 30 seconds of rest between events and repeat 3 sets, the rest period between sets was 1 minute. Results: First, weight training to improve muscle hypertrophy and muscular endurance for 10 weeks increased muscle tone in both groups. The biceps brachii and quadriceps muscles increased more in the hypertrophic weight training group, and in the muscular endurance circuit weight training group, the triceps brachii and hamstring muscles were more increased. Second, waist to hip ratio showed a significant decrease in both groups, especially in the circuit weight training group for improving muscular endurance. Although lean body mass increased in both groups, there was no significant difference between groups, and body mass index did not show any difference between groups. Conclusion: Muscle hypertrophy and muscular endurance weight training increased lean body mass and muscle tone, and in the increase in muscle tone in both groups is thought to have a significant relationship with physical strength mechanisms such as muscle strength following an increase in lean body mass.

젊은 여성에서 유산소 훈련과 들숨근 훈련이 근지구력과 폐기능에 미치는 효과

형인혁,김재현 대한신경치료학회 2015 신경치료 Vol.19 No.3

Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of aerobic training and inspiratory muscle training on muscle endurance and pulmonary function. Methods This study was conducted with 20 young women(mean age 19.5 years). Participant’s mean height was 161.4cm, and their mean weight was 57.7kg. During ten days, the experimental group(n=10) performed the aerobic training(40min) with inspiratory muscle training(20min) a day, and control group performed only aerobic training(40min) a day. Using a spirometer, forced vital capacity(FVC), Forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1), and Maximum voluntary ventilation(MVV) were measured for pulmonary functions and using a timer, lab times of 800-meter sprints were measured for muscle endurance after training. Results There were no statistically significant differences the variation of muscle endurance and pulmonary functions between groups(p>.05), but improved statistically significant differences muscle endurance and pulmonary functions within experimental and control groups(p<.05). Conclusion Although there were improved the pulmonary functions and muscle endurance after aerobic training with inspiratory muscle training during ten days, no significant differences only aerobic training group. Therefore, we need to allow more times for improvement of the effectualness in inspiratory muscle trainings

Effects of endurance training for 4weeks on resting metabolic rate and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption in mouse

( Ye Rim Jeon ),( Ji Su Kim ),( Hye Jung Hwang ),( Ki Won Lim ) 한국운동영양학회 2012 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.16 No.2

This study assessed the amount of energy consumed and fat deposition after endurance training in order to review the effect of 4-week endurance exercise on resting metabolic rate of a mouse during and after exercise and the effect of exercise. A total of 19 seven-week-old ICR male mice were used as the study subject. Those mice were divided into sedentary group (Sed) and trained group (Tr) after a week of environment adaption. The Tr group was trained with endurance exercise five times a week for four weeks. Weight and the amount of food intake were daily weighed and resting metabolic rate and metabolic rate after exercise were assessed before starting exercise and on the fourth week after training. Metabolic rate during exercise were measured four weeks after training. At the end of breeding period, statistically significant difference was shown in weights of trained and sedentary groups (p < 0.05). During a resting period, no significant difference was shown in oxygen intake, respiratory exchange ratio, and the amount of carbohydrate and fat oxidized. Moreover, no significant difference was shown in excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) of an hour period after training. In contrast, the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) was approximately 11.1% higher in trained group after training compare to before. However, there was no significant difference in respiratory exchange ratio and carbohydrate and fat oxidization. During exercise, oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide production, and respiratory exchange ratio in energy metabolism during exercise showed no significant difference. However, significant difference was exhibited in the amount of fat oxidized in both groups. Summing up those results, endurance exercise could be concluded to be effective in weight control. However, weight loss is thought to be resulted from increase in fat oxidization during exercise unlike the conclusion made from previous studies where weight loss is prominently influenced by energy metabolism during a resting period and increased fat oxidation during post-exercise recovery. All experimental procedures were carried out at the Animal Experiment Research Center of Konkuk University. This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines of the Konkuk University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.

자연과학편 : 지구성 트레이닝에 따른 흰쥐 골격근 MAP kinase 및 GLUT-4 protein의 발현

조중석(JoongSeokJo),윤정수(ChungSuYoon),김재철(JaeCheolKim) 한국체육학회 2006 한국체육학회지 Vol.45 No.6

본 연구는 Sprague- Dawley rat을 대상으로 12주간 지구성 트레이닝을 통해 골격근내 phospho-ERK1/2 및 phospho-p38 MAPK와 GLUT-4 protein 발현 양상을 통해 글루코스 대사과정에 MAP kinase의 역할을 구명하기 위하여 실시하였다. 트레이닝이 끝난 후 장지신근과 가자미근을 적출한 다음 western blotting을 통해 MAP Kinases 및 GLUT-4의 발현 양상을 분석하였다. phospho-ERK1/2 발현의 경우 장지신근에서는 1회성 운동집단 및 12주 트레이닝 집단 모두 통제집단에 비해 증가하는 것으로 나타난 반면에 가자미근에서는 12주 트레이닝 집단에서만 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. phospho-p38MAPK의 경우 장지신근의 경우 1회성 운동 집단에서만 증가한 반면에 가자미근에서는 1회성 운동집단 및 12주 트레이닝 집단 모두에서 통제집단에 비해 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. GLUT-4의 발현에서는 장지신근에서는 통제집단에 비해 두 집단 모두 감소하는 것으로 나타난 반면에 가자미근에서는 12주 트레이닝 집단에서만 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 운동이나 트레이닝에 의한 MAP Kinase의 발현 기전이 근섬유의 수축 특성에 따라 상이하게 발현되어 GLUT-4의 발현을 조절함으로써 글루코스의 흡수 및 이동에 관여하는 것으로 사료된다. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-p38 MAPK, and GLUT-4 protein in skeletal muscles by endurance training. The expression of ERK1/2, p38MAPK, and GLUT-4 protein in EDL and soleus muscle were exzamined by western boltting. The expression of phospho-ERK1/2 protein in EDL muscle was significantly increased in a bout of exercise and endurance training group compare to the control group but in soleus muscle only was increased in endurance training group. The expression of phospho-p38MAPK in EDL only was increased a bout of exercise group but in soleus was significantly increased in a bout of exercise and endurance training group. The expression of GLUT-4 protein in EDL was decreased in a bout of exercise and endurance training group compare to the control group and in soleus only was increased in endurance training group. These results suggests that the MAP kianse signaling pathway by exercise and training was specifically expressed in the type of muscle fibers and involved in glucose transport by the regulation of GLUT-4 expression.