자궁경부 종양에서 인유두종 바이러스 감염과 p53 코돈 72의 다형성

배동한,김종수,최승도,선우재근,신현철,남계현,김창진 대한부인종양 콜포스코피학회 2003 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.14 No.4

목적 : 자궁경부상피내종양 및 침윤성암종을 대상으로 우리나라에 많은 다양한 인유두종바이러스 감염을 DNA chip을 이용하여 검사하고 또한 p53 코돈 72의 유전자다형성을 대립유전자 특이중합효소연쇄반응 (allele specific polymerase chain reaction) 기법으로 검사하여 우리나라 여성에서의 p53 코돈 72 유전자 다형성과 인유두종바이러스 감염과의 관계를 연구하고자 하였다. 연구 방법 : 순천향대학교 천안병원 산부인과에서 2000년 3월부터 2003년 3월까지 자궁경부종양 및 침윤 암으로 진단된 자궁경부 생검 혹은 자궁적출 조직 125예를 대상으로 하였다. 이들의 조직에서 DNA를 추출하고 이어 DNA chip을 이용하여 인유두종바이러스 유전형을 검사하였다. 결과 : 총 125예의 평균 연령은 53.8세 이었고, 이들중 low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) 30예, high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) 50예, 및 침윤성암이 45예 이었다. 1) 한국인 여성에서 자궁경부 종양 발생과 관련이 있는 인유두종바이러스 유전형은 16형(25.6%), 58형(16%), 기타 유전형(10.4%), 52형(10%), 및 18형(4.8%) 순으로 나타났다. 2) 200명의 여성을 대상으로 검사한 p53 코돈 72의 유전자다형성 유전형 빈도는 Arg/Arg, Arg/Pro, 및 Pro/Pro 각각 47%, 43% 및 10% 이었다. 3) 인유두종바이러스 감염과 관련된 자궁경부종양에서 p53 코돈 72의 유전자다형성은 Arg/Arg, Arg/Pro 및 Pro/Pro 각각 55.5%, 38.9% 및 5.5%로 대조군의 47%, 43% 및 10%와 비교하여 통계적 의의가 없었다(p>0.05). 4) 상이한 인유두종바이러스 유전형 간 p53 코돈 72의 유전자다형성은 Arg/Arg, Arg/Pro 및 Pro/Pro 각각 16/18 감염군에서 44.8%, 42.1% 및 13.1% 이었고, 58/52/기타 유전형/33/35/40/44형 군에서는 36.5%, 50% 및 13.5%로 각 형에 따른 대조군의 47%, 43% 및 10%와 비교할 때 상호 특이한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05) 결론 : 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면, 우리나라여성의 자궁경부종양과 관련된 인유두종바이러스 유전형은 16형과 58형으로 서구의 16형과 18형과 비교할 때 상이함을 알 수 있고, 또한 감염된 바이러스 유전형에 따른 종양발생과 p53유전자 코돈 72의 다형성은 바이러스관련 자궁경부종양 발생과 관련이 없었다. Objective : The uterine cervical neoplasia is one of the most frequent gynecologic tumor in Korean women. Though the precise pathogenic mechanisms were not elucidated, human papillomaviruses (HPVs) has been considered as a strong candidate for the cause of uterine cervical neoplasm. Methods : About 100 subtypes of HPV were known, and they were divided into two groups as "high-risk HPVs" and "low-risk HPVs" according to their oncogenic potentialities. It was known that arginine (Arg) residue at codon 72 of p53 tumor suppressor gene could be used as a marker for the risk of cevical epithelial neoplasia associated human appilloma virus infection. But the notions are still controversal. Studies to date have focused mainly on Caucasians despite marked ethnic variations in both the p53 polymorphism and the different genotypes of human papillomavirus associated with cervical neoplasia. In this study, the p53 codon 72 status in 125 Korean women with cervical neoplasia and 200 Korean healthy women was determined. In addition, the different genotypes of human papillomavirus associated with cervical neoplasia was also determined by DNA Chip. Results : The most frequent subtypes of HPV associated with uterine cervical neoplasia in korean women were 16 (25.6%), 58 (16%), other type (10.4%), 52 (10%) and 18 (4.8%) in order of frequency. The polymorphic rate of p53 codon 72 in 200 Korean women was Arg/Ar (47%), Arg/Pro (43%) and Pro/Pro (10%) respectively. The polymorphic rate of p53 codon 72 in HPV associated uterine cervical neoplasia was Arg/Ar (55.5%), Arg/Pro (38.9%) and Pro/Pro (5.50%) respectively, which was not statistically significant compared to the normal control. In 16/18 genotypes associated cervical neoplasia, the polymorphic rate of p53 codon 72 was 44.8% (Arg/Arg), 42.1% (Arg/Pro) and 13.1% (Pro/Pro) respectively, while in 58/52/other type/33/35/40/44 genotypes, it was 36.5% (Arg/Arg), 50% (Ar/Pro), and 13.5%(Pro/Pro) respectively. There was no statistical significance between two groups. Conclusion : Above results showed that the genotypes of HPV associated with uterine cervical neoplasia in Korean women were different from those of Western countries, and there was not significant difference between the polymorphism of p53 codon 72 and genotypes of HPV associated with uterine epithelial neoplasia.

자궁경부 신생물에서의 티미딘 인산화제의 발현 및 임상적 예후인자와의 관련성

최은경(Eun Kyoung Choi),김재욱(Jae Wook Kim),이윤정(Yun Jung Lee),이정건(Jung Gun Lee),김영태(Young Tae Kim),김동규(Dong Kyu Kim),조남훈(Nam Hoon Cho) 대한산부인과학회 2001 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.44 No.3

N/A Objectives : Angiogenesis is a critical factor in the progression of solid tumors, including cervical cancer. However, the association between the expression of thymidine phosphorylase(TP) and clinicopathological factors has scarcely been examined in cervical neoplasia. This study was performed to evaluate the level of TP expression in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN) and invasive cancer respectively, and to observe the relationship between expression of TP and various clinicopathological factors of cervical cancer. Patients and Methods : Total 81 cervical biopsy specimens obtained from Jan. 1995 to Aug. 1996 at YUMC were evaluated for the expression of TP : among these, 9 were pathologically confirmed as benign, 6 as CIN I, 11 as CIN II, 12 as CIN III, and 43 as invasive squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) of uterine cervix. These specimens were immunostained to examine the expression of TP and the results of immunostaining were correlated with various clinicopathological factors of cervical cancer. Results : TP expression progressively increased along a continuum from normal epithelium to invasive SCC(p<0.05) and TP expression in cancer cells was well correlated with pelvic lymph node metastasis(p<0.01), large tumor size(p<0.05) and advanced stage(p<0.05). Overall survival rate for 28 patients with TP-positive cervical cancer was significantly lower than that of 15 patients with TP-negative cervical cancer. Conclusions : With this study, we can speculate that TP might play a role in the growth and metastatic process of cervical neoplasia and be a possible prognostic factor of cervical cancer.

p16(INK4a) methylation and the correlation to immunohistochemical expression in cervical neoplasia

( Eun Ae Shin ),( Sa Ra Lee ),( Soo Yoon Lee ),( Nam Hee Kim ),( Woong Ju ),( Seung Cheol Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2009 Journal of Womens Medicine Vol.2 No.1

Objective: Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, play important roles in the development of many cancers. The cell cycle inhibitor, p16(INK4a) methylation, has also been linked with cervical neoplasia. However, the relationship between p16(INK4a) methylation and cervical neoplasia is not entirely clear. The aim of this study was to determine the status of p16(INK4a) methylation in cervical neoplasia and to determine the relationship with disease progression or p16(INK4a) protein expression. Methods: Fifty-nine patients, including 21 patients with carcinoma in situ and 31 with invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, were included in this study. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) amplification was used to analyze the p16(INK4a) methylation status, while immunohistochemical analysis was carried out to investigate p16(INK4a) expression. Results: MSP analysis revealed that the rate of p16(INK4a) methylation was significantly higher in the cervical neoplasia group than in the control group (55.8% vs. 14.2%, P<0.05). However, we did not establish any correlation between the p16(INK4a) methylation status and the clinicopathologic parameters of cervical cancer, such as clinical stage, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, or parametrial invasion. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry score for p16(INK4) protein did not correlate with the p16(INK4a) methylation status, diagnosis, and clinicopathologic parameters of cervical cancer. Conclusion: Our data indicate that p16(INK4a) methylation may be used as a good adjunctive test in predicting cervical histology. However, p16(INK4a) methylation status did not predict disease progression or p16(INK4) protein expression.

한국 여성 자궁경부 종양에서의 항산화체계 및 산화적 스트레스

김재욱(Jae Wook Kim),최은경(Eun Kyoung Choi),임재학(Jae Hak Lim),김영태(Young Tae Kim),김동규(Dong Kyu Kim),이양자(Yang Cha Lee),김수연(Soo Yeon Kim),정혜연(Hae Yeon Chung) 대한산부인과학회 2002 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.45 No.1

N/A Objectives : The purpose of this study was to compare the plasma levels of antioxidant system and oxidative stress of cervical neoplasia patients to normal control, and to investigate the relationship between the plasma antioxidant system and various clinicopathological factors of cervical cancer. Patients and Methods : A cross-sectional sample of 90 cervical neoplasia patients and 90 normal control group was recruited from Nov. 2000 to Jan. 2001 at Yonsei University Medical Center. As the parameter of lipid peroxidation, plasma concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) was spectrophotomerically measured. Plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins were analyzed by reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was measured by coupled enzyme procedure. The correlation between the results and various clinicopathological factors of cervical cancer were evaluated. Results : In women with cervical neoplasia, the activity of GSH-Px and plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins such as lutein, β-carotene, lycopene and zeaxanthin were significantly lower compared to normal control, while the concentration of MDA was significantly higher. However, between CIN and cervical cancer, only the levels of α-tocopherol and MDA showed significant differences. The changes in plasma antioxidant system showed no significant correlation with the prognostic factors of cervical cancer. Conclusions : These findings suggest a potential role of oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation and the impairment of antioxidant system in the pathogenesis of cervical neoplasia. However, these changes failed to define a causal relationship between the antioxidant system and disease outcome, or to show a significant correlation between several antioxidant parameters and the prognostic factors of cervical cancer.

자궁경부종양 환자에서 polymerase chain reaction 방법에 의한 인유두종바이러스 16형과 18형 검출에 관한 연구

박충학 ( Choong Hak Park ),김재경 ( Jae Kyoung Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2010 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.53 No.10

목적: 자궁경부종양 환자들에서 인유두종바이러스 16형과 18형의 감염률을 조사하고 그 임상적 의의를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 방법: 21세에서 83세 사이의 여성 708명에게 고식적인 Pap 자궁경부 세포검사와 polymerase chain reaction 방법에 의한 인유두종바이러스 검사를 시행하였으며, 383예에서는 조직검사를 하였다. 결과: 708명의 세포검사에서 인유두종바이러스 검사는 편평세포암에서는 11예, 고등급 편평세포상피내병변에서는 41예, 저등급 편평세포상피내병변에서는 20예, 비정형 편평세포에서는 41예, 그리고 음성 세포진에서는 86예에서 양성으로 나왔다. 383예의 조직검사에서 인유두종바이러스 검사는 편평세포암에서는 24예, 자궁경부상피내종양 3에서는 42예, 자궁경부상피내종양 2에서는 12예, 자궁경부상피내종양 1에서는 12예, 비정형 변화 7예, 그리고 음성 조직진에서는 45예에서 양성으로 나왔다. 인유두종바이러스 검사가 음성인 239예에서 28.5%가 자궁경부상피내종양 1 이상의 조직학적 진단을 보였다. 자궁경부 세포검사가 음성이면서 인유두종바이러스 검사가 양성인 46예에서 50%가 자궁경부상피내종양 1 이상의 조직학적 진단을 보였다. 자궁경부 Pap 세포검사는 민감도 72.5%, 특이도 66.4%, 위음성률 27.5%를 보였으며, 인유두종바이러스 검사는 각각 57.5%, 76.7%, 42.5%를 보였다. 결론: 이 연구는 자궁경부 Pap 세포검사와 인유두종바이러스 검사는 상호 보완적이라는 사실을 확인시켜 준다. 자궁경부종양을 진료함에 있어 의사는 자궁경부 Pap 세포검사나 인유두종바이러스 검사를 과대평가해서는 안 된다. 이 두 가지 검사를 병합함은 자궁경부종양의 진단에서 정확성을 더욱 향상시킨다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the detection rate of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA Test (type 16 and 18) and to investigate the clinical significance of HPV DNA test in patients with cervical neoplasia. Methods: Of the 708 patients aged 21~83 years who had undergone both conventional Papanicolaou cervical cytologic test and HPV DNA test by polymerase chain reaction, 383 cases underwent histologic diagnoses. Results: Of the 708 cytologic diagnoses, there were 11 positive HPV DNA test diagnoses in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 41 in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), 20 in low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), 41 in atypical squamous cells (ASC), and 86 in negative cytology. Of the 383 histologic diagnoses, there were 24 positive HPV DNA test diagnoses in SCC, 42 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 3, 12 in CIN 2, 12 in CIN 1, 7 in atypical change, and 45 in negative histology. Of the 239 patients with negative HPV DNA test, 28.5% cases showed histologic diagnoses of CIN 1 or worse lesion. Of the 46 patients with negative cytology and positive HPV DNA test, 50.0% cases showed histologic dianoses of CIN 1 or worse lesion. Pap cytology revealed sensitivity of 72.5%, specificity of 66.4%, and false negative rate of 27.5%, whereas HPV DNA test showed 57.5%, 76.7%, and 42.5 %, respectively. Conclusion: This study confirmed that the primary standard Pap cytology and HPV DNA test were adjunctive. Also this study showed that physicians always should not overrate Pap cytology or HPV DNA test in managing the patient with cervical neoplasia. Combined test was a very effective diagnostic method for detecting cervical neoplasia.

Long-term Outcomes of a Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in a High Incidence Country

Sangkarat, Suthi,Ruengkhachorn, Irene,Benjapibal, Mongkol,Laiwejpithaya, Somsak,Wongthiraporn, Weerasak,Rattanachaiyanont, Manee Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.2

Aim: To evaluate the operative, oncologic and obstetric outcomes of the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) in cases with cervical neoplasia. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who were suspected of cervical neoplasia and therefore undergoing LEEP at Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand, during 1995-2000. Outcome measures included operative complications in 407 LEEP patients and long-term outcomes in the 248 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) who were treated with only LEEP. Results: There were 407 patients undergoing LEEP; their mean age was $39.7{\pm}10.5$ years. The histopathology of LEEP specimens revealed that 89 patients (21.9%) had lesions ${\leq}CIN$ I, 295 patients (72.5%) had CIN II or III, and 23 patients (5.6%) had invasive lesions. Operative complications were found in 15 patients and included bleeding (n=9), and infection (n=7). After diagnostic LEEP, 133 patients underwent hysterectomy as the definite treatment for cervical neoplasia. Of 248 CIN patients who had LEEP only, seven (2.8%) had suffered recurrence after a median of 16 (range 6-93) months; one had CIN I, one had CIN II, and five had CIN III. All of these recurrent patients achieved remission on surgical treatment with re-LEEP (n=6) or simple hysterectomy (n=1). A significant factor affecting recurrent disease was the LEEP margin involved with the lesion (p=0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed 5-year and 10-year disease-free survival (DFS) estimates of 99.9%. Twelve patients became pregnant a total of 14 times, resulting in 12 term deliveries and two miscarriages - one of which was due to an incompetent cervix. Conclusions: LEEP for patients with cervical neoplasia delivers favorable surgical, oncologic and obstetric outcomes.

Distribution of human papillomavirus type 16 E6 and E7 gene variants in the progression of cervical dysplasia in Korean women

Lee, Chung‐,Won,Bae, Jeong‐,Hoon,Lee, Sung‐,Jong,Ho, Eun‐,Mi,Lee, Il‐,Han,Park, Yong‐,Gyu,Park, Jong‐,Sup Blackwell Publishing Asia 2011 JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH -TO Vol.37 No.10

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Aim: </B> This cross‐sectional, hospital‐based study examined the distribution of human papillomavirus 16 E6 and E7 gene variants in Korean women with cervical lesions of varying degrees.</P><P><B>Material & Methods: </B> One hundred and forty‐one Korean women (median age 43 years; range 22–65 years) with human papillomavirus 16 single infections were included. The human papillomavirus 16 E6/E7 sequences were amplified from cytology specimens. The distribution of human papillomavirus 16 variations with respect to cervical lesion was examined by the exact Mantel–Haenszel linear trend test (<I>P</I><SUB>trend</SUB>) and Fisher's exact test (<I>P</I>).</P><P><B>Results: </B> Human papillomavirus 16 E6 and E7 gene variants were identified in a total of 100 women (70.9%). The most prevalent human papillomavirus 16 variants were E6 Thymine178Guanine (number = 70, 49.6%) and E7 Adenine647Guanine (number = 75, 53.2%). Human papillomavirus 16 E6 Thymine178Guanine and E7 Adenine647Guanine were significantly related to the degree of cervical neoplasia (<I>P</I><SUB>trend</SUB> = 0.0002, <I>P</I> < 0.0001; <I>P</I><SUB>trend</SUB> < 0.0001, <I>P</I> < 0.0001, respectively). The odds ratio of human papillomavirus 16 E6 Thymine178Guanine to predict progression to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2‐3 and invasive cancer was 2.37 (95% confidence interval 1.03–5.45) and 9.07 (95% confidence interval 2.86–28.72), respectively. The odds ratio of E7 Adenine647Guanine to predict progression to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2‐3 and invasive cancer was 3.65 (95% confidence interval 1.16–8.51) and 9.07 (95% confidence interval 2.86–28.72), respectively.</P><P><B>Conclusion: </B> The distribution of HPV variants appears to be related to geographic difference. Human papillomavirus 16 E6 Thymine178Guanine and E7 Adenine647Guanine can be used as the candidate marker for the progression of the cervical neoplasia.</P>

Efficacy of loop electrosurgical excision procedure with cold coagulation for treating cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: A two center cohort study

( Hee Seung Kim ),( Jeong Eun Kwon ),( Jeong Ha Kim ),( Anna Kim ),( Na Ra Lee ),( Miseon Kim ),( Maria Lee ),( Dong Hoon Suh ),( Yong Beom Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2017 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.60 No.2

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) combined with cold coagulation for treating cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Methods We reviewed clinic-pathologic data of 498 patients treated with LEEP alone (n=354), and LEEP combined with cold coagulation (n=144) between January 2000 and December 2011. After LEEP, we followed up all patients by using Papanicolaou smear and human papillomavirus (HPV) test, and evaluated abnormal cervical cytology-free interval and high-risk HPV infection-free interval. Moreover, we investigated independent factors affecting abnormal cervical cytology or high-risk HPV infection after LEEP. Results Abnormal cervical cytology-free interval was longer in patients treated with LEEP combined with cold coagulation than in those treated with LEEP alone (mean, 92.4 vs. 84.4 months; P=0.01), and patients treated with LEEP combined with cold coagulation also showed longer high-risk HPV infection-free interval than those treated with LEEP alone (mean, 87.6 vs. 59.1 months; P=0.01). Moreover, CIN 3 and cold coagulation were factors affecting abnormal cervical cytology after LEEP (adjusted hazard ratios, 1.90 and 0.61; 95% confidence intervals, 1.27 to 2.84 and 0.39 to 0.96), and CIN 3, positive deep cervical margin and cold coagulation were also factors affecting high-risk HPV infection after LEEP (adjusted hazard ratios, 2.07, 4.11, and 0.64; 95% confidence intervals, 1.38 to 3.08, 1.63 to 10.39, and 0.43 to 0.96). When we performed subgroup analyses for patients with CIN 2 or CIN 3, the result were similar. Conclusion LEEP combined with cold coagulation may be more effective for treating CIN than LEEP alone. Moreover, cold coagulation may decrease the risk of potential of recurrence after LEEP.

자궁경부 종양에서 혈관내피성장인자 및 티미딘 인산화제 발현의 임상적 의의

최은경(Eun Kyoung Choi),김재욱(Jae Wook Kim),김영태(Young Tae Kim),김동규(Don Kyu Kim),조남훈(Nam Hoon Cho),정창진(Chang Jin Jeong) 대한산부인과학회 2001 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.44 No.8

N/A Objectives : The objective of this study is to evaluate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and thymidine phosphorylase (TP), and to correlate them with clinicopathological factors in uterine cervical neoplasia. Methods : A total 81 cervical biopsy specimens obtained from Jan.1995 to Aug. 1996 at YUMC were evaluated for the expressions of VEGF and TP : 9 were designated as benign, 6 as CIN 1, 11 as CIN 2, 12 as CIN 3, and 43 as invasive squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix. We applied the immunohistochemistry using primary antibodies, such as VEGF and TP monoclonal antibody on formalin-fixed, and paraffin- embedded tissues. The results of immunostaining were correlated with various clinicopathological factors of cervical cancer and patient 5-year survival. Results : As the cervical tumorigenesis progressed, there was significant increase of expression of VEGF and TP. VEGF expression was inversely correlated with stage of cervical cancer and showed a significant correlation with the depth of stromal invasion and lymphovascular space invasion. TP expression in cancer cells was significantly high in tumors with advanced stage, large tumor size, pelvic node metastasis. There was an inverse relationship between VEGF and TP expression. VEGF had no significant power to predict patient survival but TP showed statistically significant correlation with poor survival. Conclusions : Both VEGF and TP play important roles in invasiveness of uterine cerival neoplasia. However, the former is important in early process and the latter in the late process of cervical tumorigenesis and affects the patient's survival in uterine cervical carcinoma, respectively.

Burden of cervical neoplasia in mid-western rural Nepal: a population-based study

Niresh Thapa,Girishma Shrestha,Muna Maharjan,Deborah Lindell,Ninu Maskey,Rajiv Shah,Caiyun Ge,Hongbing Cai 대한부인종양학회 2018 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.29 No.5

Objective: To assess the burden of cervical neoplasia in mid-western rural, Nepal using cytology, visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and visual inspection with Lugol's iodine (VILI). Method: A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted. Total of 2,279 married, non-pregnant women aged 20–65 years participated in a screening clinic from May 2016 to January 2017. All eligible women completed self-report of socio-demographic and reproductive health data followed by screening tests. Biopsies were obtained from areas on the cervix assessed by VIA and or VILI to be abnormal. Final disease was confirmed by biopsy report. Results: A total of 96.09% (n=2,190) women were eligible for this study with mean age 32.78±9.33 years. The overall rate of positive cytology, VIA, and VILI were 3.69%, 12.45%, and 16.89%, respectively. Sixty-two cases were biopsy proven cervical neoplasia. Altogether 78 (3.69%) cases were cytologically abnormal: 25 (1.18%) were atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, 33 (1.56%) were low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 11 (0.52%) were high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and 9 (0.42%) were squamous cell carcinoma. Illiterate women appeared to be at higher risk for cervical neoplasia (p<0.001). Similarly, age ≥46 years (p<0.013), participant's multiple marriages or sexual partners (p<0.005), and positive human immunodeficiency virus status (p<0.001) were significantly associated with abnormal cytology. Conclusion: Based on cytology report, there is 3.69% prevalence of cervical neoplasia among women in a rural region of mid-western, Nepal. A “screen and treat” approach would be more attractive in low resource settings.