Anti-corrosion impact of green synthesis of Silica nanoparticles for the sports structures in physical exercise activities

Zhixin Zhang,Zhiqiang Cai,Khidhair Jasim Mohammed,H. Elhosiny Ali Techno-Press 2023 Advances in concrete construction Vol.15 No.1

Sport has no age limit and can be done anywhere and in any condition with minimal equipment. The existence of sports spaces in all parts of the world is considered a citizen's right. One of the activities carried out in this field is installing sports equipment and structures in parks and encouraging citizens to use this equipment for physical health with the least cost and facilities. Installing sports structures in open spaces such as parks is a practical step for developing citizens' sports. Although using devices in parks is acceptable, it is more critical to meet scientific and technical standards. The components of these structures must have high strength and endurance against changes in environmental conditions such as humidity, temperature difference, and corrosion. Among the various causes of material degradation, corrosion has always been one of several fundamental causes of metal equipment failure. Sports structures in open spaces are not safe from corrosion. Uniform corrosion is the most common type of corrosion. This corrosion usually occurs uniformly through a chemical or electrochemical reaction across the surface exposed to the corrosive environment. Rust and corrosion of outdoor sports structures are examples of this corrosion. For this reason, in this research, with the green synthesis of silica nanoparticles and its application in outdoor sports structures, the life span of these structures can be increased for the use of physical exercises as well as their quality.

Mixed Culture of Probiotics on a Solid-state Medium: An Efficient Method to Produce an Affordable Probiotic Feed Additive

Jie Zhong,Fan Zhang,Yongjia Peng,Zhixin Ji,Hongqiang Li,Shuncai Li,Xiangzhai Zhang,Qiumei Shi,Jin Zhang 한국생물공학회 2017 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.22 No.6

The overuse and abuse of antibiotics in animal husbandry is an ongoing problem. While probiotics could be an alternative, their effectiveness, stability and production cost are key factors that need to be addressed first. This study used a mixed culture of Bifidobacterium bifidum, Clostridium butyricum, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis on a simple and inexpensive solid-state medium generated by pouring a liquid MRS medium, which was designed to favor the dense growth of lactobacilli, onto wheat bran at a ratio of 1:2 by weight. Using this method, we achieved a very high number of live bacteria (NLB), at 3.93 × 1014 CFU/g, without the need for expensive anaerobic equipment. The mixed culture thus achieved striking results that were up to 10,000 times better than the pure culture and did not require special anaerobic equipment. A real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that the shares of the four strains in the mixed culture probiotics (MCPs) were 2, 17, 46, and 35%, respectively, which indicates that the fermentation product contained an uneven distribution of the four probiotic target bacteria. The MCPs possessed good storage stability at room temperature, and the NLB was greater than 106 CFU/g after 30 days at 25°C, which made it easier to transport and store. They also demonstrated good stability in artificial digestion fluids, with an NLB of over 1012 CFU/g after sequential treatments, which enabled them to maintain effectiveness in the animal gastrointestinal tract. Finally, the MCPs were fed to the mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in order to test their effectiveness, and the growth rates of both significantly improved with the MCPs feeding. This study thus demonstrated that culturing MCPs on a solid-state medium is an efficient method to affordably produce probiotic feed additives that can improve the performance of very physiologically different animals, such as the mealworm and raccoon dog, which indicates their potential for very wide applicability.

Synthesis of Ag/CNT composite films on photo-grafted polyimide substrate by two component spin-spray deposition

Zhixin Kang,Yang Zhang,Takeshi Bessho,Hidetoshi Hirahara,Jing Sang 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.56 No.-

We present a novel method of spin-spray for preparing Ag/CNTs compositefilms on photo-graftedpolyimide (PI) substrate, which is evolved from spin and spray method. Compared with the compositessynthesized of silver nanoparticles and CNTs, it reduced pores of silver matrix. Meanwhile, MWCNTs inAg/CNTsfilms show an outstanding deposition and dispersity. Owing to CNTs, the sheet resistance ofAg/CNT-5 declined by 74.4% compared to the pristine Agfilms. Adhesive strength was strong enough forpracticability by photo-grafting. Otherwise, environmental stability was carried out and the selectivecoatings for diverse inter-connection with various deformations supported the application practicability.

Hypolipidemic Effects of Hickory Nut Oil using Cold Pressure Extraction

Yan Zhang,Liying Wu,Zhixin Yao,Zhongsu Ma,Jingbo Liu 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.suppl1

Optimal conditions of hickory nut oil cold press technology were studied. L9(34) orthogonal experiment results showed that optimal conditions were a pressing pressure of 15 MPa, pressing temperature of 50oC, pressing cycle of 4 s, and stop cycle of 9 s. Fatty acid compositions were determined using GC-MS and hypolipidemic effects in mice were investigated. Compared to a high fat diet group, hickory nut oil administration decreased serum and visceral total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol values were increased. Hickory nut oil can be used as a valuable bioactive source of natural hypolipidemic compounds.

Comparison of immunoadjuvant activities of four bursal peptides combined with H9N2 avian influenza virus vaccine

Cong Zhang,Jiangfei Zhou,Zhixin Liu,Yongqing Liu,Kairui Cai,Tengfei Shen,Cheng-Shui Liao,Chen Wang 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.6

The bursa of Fabricius (BF) is a central humoral immune organ unique to birds. Four bursal peptides (BP-I, BP-II, BP-III, and BP-IV) have been isolated and identified from the BF. In this study, the immunoadjuvant activities of BPs I to IV were examined in mice immunized with H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) vaccine. The results suggested that BP-I effectively enhanced cell-mediated immune responses, increased the secretion of Th1 (interferon gamma)- and Th2 (interleukin-4)-type cytokines, and induced an improved cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response to the H9N2 virus. BP-II mainly elevated specific antibody production, especially neutralizing antibodies, and increased Th1- and Th2-type cytokine secretion. BP-III had no significant effect on antibody production or cell-mediated immune responses compared to those in the control group. A strong immune response at both the humoral and cellular levels was induced by BP-IV. Furthermore, a virus challenge experiment followed by H&E staining revealed that BP-I and BP-II promoted removal of the virus and conferred protection in mouse lungs. BP-IV significantly reduced viral titers and histopathological changes and contributed to protection against H9N2 AIV challenge in mouse lungs. This study further elucidated the immunoadjuvant activities of BPs I to IV, providing a novel insight into immunoadjuvants for use in vaccine design.

Improved Corrosion Resistance and Mechanical Properties of CrN Hard Coatings with an Atomic Layer Deposited Al₂O₃ Interlayer

Wan, Zhixin,Zhang, Teng Fei,Lee, Han-Bo-Ram,Yang, Ji Hoon,Choi, Woo Chang,Han, Byungchan,Kim, Kwang Ho,Kwon, Se-Hun American Chemical Society 2015 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.7 No.48

<P>A new approach was adopted to improve the corrosion resistance of CrN hard coatings by inserting a Al2O3 layer through atomic layer deposition. The influence of the addition of a Al2O3 interlayer, its thickness, and the position of its insertion on the microstructure, surface roughness, corrosion behavior, and mechanical properties of the coatings was investigated. The results indicated that addition of a dense atomic layer deposited Al2O3 interlayer led to a significant decrease in the average grain size and surface roughness and to greatly improved corrosion resistance and corrosion durability of CrN coatings while maintaining their mechanical properties. Increasing the thickness of the Al2O3 interlayer and altering its insertion position so that it was near the surface of the coating also resulted in superior performance of the coating. The mechanism of this effect can be explained by the dense.Al2O3 interlayer acting as a good sealing layer that inhibits charge transfer, diffusion of corrosive substances, and dislocation motion.</P>

Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of PVD-CrN Coatings by ALD Sealing Layers

Wan, Zhixin,Zhang, Teng Fei,Ding, Ji Cheng,Kim, Chang-Min,Park, So-Won,Yang, Yang,Kim, Kwang-Ho,Kwon, Se-Hun SPRINGER SCIENCE + BUSINESS MEDIA 2017 NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS Vol.12 No.1

<P>Multilayered hard coatings with a CrN matrix and an Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>, TiO<SUB>2</SUB>, or nanolaminate-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/TiO<SUB>2</SUB> sealing layer were designed by a hybrid deposition process combined with physical vapor deposition (PVD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD). The strategy was to utilize ALD thin films as pinhole-free barriers to seal the intrinsic defects to protect the CrN matrix. The influences of the different sealing layers added in the coatings on the microstructure, surface roughness, and corrosion behaviors were investigated. The results indicated that the sealing layer added by ALD significantly decreased the average grain size and improved the corrosion resistance of the CrN coatings. The insertion of the nanolaminate-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/TiO<SUB>2</SUB> sealing layers resulted in a further increase in corrosion resistance, which was attributed to the synergistic effect of Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and TiO<SUB>2</SUB>, both acting as excellent passivation barriers to the diffusion of corrosive substances.</P>

Evaluation of Coefficients of Variation for Clinical Chemistry Tests Based on Internal Quality Control Data Across 5,425 Laboratories in China From 2013 to 2022

Wang Wei,Zhang Zhixin,Zhang Chuanbao,Zhao Haijian,Yuan Shuai,Liu Jiali,Dong Na,Wang Zhiguo,Kang Fengfeng 대한진단검사의학회 2024 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.44 No.3

Background: Clinical chemistry tests are most widely used in clinical laboratories, and diverse measurement systems for these analyses are available in China. We evaluated the imprecision of clinical chemistry measurement systems based on internal QC (IQC) data. Methods: IQC data for 27 general chemistry analytes were collected in February each year from 2013 to 2022. Four performance specifications were used to calculate pass rates for CVs of IQC data in 2022. Boxplots were drawn to analyze trends of CVs, and differences in CVs among different groups were assessed using the Mann–Whitney U-test or Kruskal–Wallis test. Results: The number of participating laboratories increased significantly from 1,777 in 2013 to 5,425 in 2022. CVs significantly decreased for all 27 analytes, except creatine kinase and lipase. Triglycerides, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, iron, and γ-glutamyl transferase achieved pass rates >80% for all goals. Nine analytes with pass rates <80% based on 1/3 allowable total error were further analyzed; the results indicated that closed systems exhibited lower CVs than open systems for all analytes, except total protein. For all nine analytes, differences were significant between tertiary hospitals and non-tertiary hospitals and between accredited and non-accredited laboratories. Conclusions: The CVs of IQC data for clinical chemistry have seen a continuous overall improvement in China. However, there is ample room for imprecision improvement for several analytes, with stricter performance specifications.

Oxidation and Corrosion Behavior of Nanolaminated MAX-Phase Ti₂AlC Film Synthesized by High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering and Annealing

Fu, Jianjian,Zhang, Teng Fei,Xia, Qixun,Lim, Sung-Hwan,Wan, Zhixin,Lee, Taeg-Woo,Kim, Kwang Ho Hindawi Limited 2015 Journal of nanomaterials Vol.2015 No.-

<P>Nanolaminated MAX-phase Ti2AlC thin films were synthesized by high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) from a MAX-phase Ti2AlC target. The amorphous matrix Ti-Al-C films were deposited at room temperature, while the MAX-phase Ti2AlC films were obtained through annealing process of the as-deposited amorphous matrix films. The microstructure, oxidation resistance, and corrosion behavior of these two films were comparatively investigated. The results indicated that the MAX-phase Ti2AlC films had superior antioxidation and anticorrosion properties than the amorphous matrix Ti-Al-C films, which is attributed to the rapid formation of dense Al2O3layer on the top of MAX-phase Ti2AlC films because of the rapid diffusion of Al atoms in the typical nanolaminated structure of MAX phase.</P>

Comparison and Identification of Optimal Machine Learning Model for Rapid Optimization of Printed Line Characteristics of Aerosol Jet Printing Technology

Mingdong Li,Zhixin Liu,Shuai Yin,Joon Phil Choi,Haining Zhang 한국정밀공학회 2024 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.11 No.1

Among the various direct-write (DW) techniques, aerosol jet printing (AJP) has the advantages of high resolution (~ 10 μm) and flexible working distance (2-5 mm). On this basis, it has emerged as a promising DW technology to precisely customize complex electrical functional devices. However, the micro-electronic devices fabricated using AJP suffer from low electrical performance because of inferior printed line geometric characteristics. Specifically, high edge roughness lines are detrimental to the uniformity of the formed electrical functional devices. In addition, the low controllability of the printed line width may induce overlap of narrowly spaced circuits or unnecessary intertrack voids, which will hinder the wide application of AJP technology in advanced electronic manufacturing industry. Therefore, ensuring high precision of the line width and low edge roughness is of primary importance for AJP technology. In this research, a machine learning framework is proposed for rapid optimization of printed line characteristics. In the proposed framework, SHGFR and CGFR were considered as input variables, and line width and line roughness were taken as the target responses. Three representative machine learning algorithms, tree-based random forest regression, kernel-based support vector machine, and Bayesian-based Gaussian process regression, were then adopted for model development. Subsequently, the identified optimal machine learning model was integrated with a NSGA-III for rapid optimization of printed line characteristics, and experiments validated the effectiveness of the adopted approach.