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Hyunsu Kim,Kyung‑Wan Baek,고은지,Nguyen Thanh Luan,Yunjin Lim,Heyong Jin Roh,Nameun Kim,Do‑Hyung Kim,Ahran Kim,Yung Hyun Choi,Suhkmann Kim,Heui‑Soo Kim,Mee Sun Ock,차희재 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.7
Background Viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) is a serious viral disease that infects the olive flounder in South Korea. The Korean aquaculture industry experienced an economic loss caused by the high infectivity and mortality. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the infection density of VHSV in various organs of the olive flounder including spleen, liver, kidney, stomach, esophagus, intestine, gill, muscle, heart, and brain. Olive flounders were collected from a local fish farm and injected subcutaneously with 106 PFU/fish. Methods Each 15 fish were sampled at 0, 3, and 7 days post challenge (dpc), respectively, to perform quantitative analysis of VHSV using SYBR-green based real-time PCR in various tissues including spleen, liver, head-kidney, body-kidney, muscle, esophagus, stomach, intestine, gill, and brain. Results Organs infected with VHSV were obtained after 3 and 7 days. Each organs were examined for viral infection using real-time PCR. The data obtained from this experiment revealed copy numbers higher than 10 copies per 100 ng cDNA in the spleen (15.26 ± 3.11 copies/100 ng of cDNA), muscle (11.24 ± 2.25 copies), and gill (14.23 ± 6.26 copies), but lower in liver, head-kidney, body-kidney, esophagus, brain and stomach. Conclusion The present study, together with previous data, demonstrated that the gill, spleen, and muscle are the major target organs of VHSV in olive flounder. Therefore, central monitoring of spleen, gill and muscle should be considered and might be necessary if anti-VHSV treatment is to be successful in infected olive flounder.
Kim, Yunjin,Kim, Taehee,Lee, Jihyeon,Im, Haeju,Kim, Jeongkwon Korean Society for Mass Spectrometry 2013 Mass spectrometry letters Vol.4 No.2
Glycans released from ovalbumin by PNGase F were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry using three different dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix systems: 2,5-DHB, 2,6-DHB, and a 2,5-DHB/2,6-DHB binary matrix. Relative to the results obtained with the single-component matrices (2,5-DHB or 2,6-DHB), the 2,5-DHB/2,6-DHB binary matrix boasted lower background noise and higher sensitivity. A total of 16 glycan peaks were observed using the 2,5-DHB/2,6-DHB binary matrix, while only 10 and 9 glycan peaks were observed using the 2,5-DHB and 2,6-DHB matrices, respectively.
( Yunjin Kim ),( Taehee Kim ),( Jihyeon Lee ),( Haeju Im ),( Jeongkwon Kim ) 한국질량분석학회 2013 Mass spectrometry letters Vol.4 No.2
Glycans released from ovalbumin by PNGase F were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-offlight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry using three different dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix systems: 2,5-DHB, 2,6- DHB, and a 2,5-DHB/2,6-DHB binary matrix. Relative to the results obtained with the single-component matrices (2,5-DHB or 2,6-DHB), the 2,5-DHB/2,6-DHB binary matrix boasted lower background noise and higher sensitivity. A total of 16 glycan peaks were observed using the 2,5-DHB/2,6-DHB binary matrix, while only 10 and 9 glycan peaks were observed using the 2,5- DHB and 2,6-DHB matrices, respectively.
Do we have to test hemoglobin level routinely after total laparoscopic hysterectomy?
( Yunjin Park ),( In Ok Lee ),( Jung-yun Lee ),( Eun Ji Nam ),( Han Byoul Cho ),( Sang Wun Kim ),( Jae-hoon Kim ),( Young Tae Kim ),( Sunghoon Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2016 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.102 No.-
목적: Routine checking of hemoglobin (Hb) level after total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) has been questioned by researchers. Postoperative Hb might help to find out patients who need intervention to correct postoperative anemia. The aim of this study is to investigate perioperative factors affecting to postoperative intervention and cut-off values of the factors for predicting the patients' probability of receiving postoperative intervention. 방법: Medical records of patients who underwent elective TLH in our institution from January 2012 to December 2014 were reviewed. Patients who had intraoperative complications including vaginal laceration, bladder rupture or received transfusion during the operations were excluded. Women who received transfusion or took iron agent before the operations were also excluded. Patients with or without postoperative intervention were classified. Postoperative intervention included intravenous or oral iron agent, transfusion, abdomino-pelvic computer tomography scan, and reoperation. 결과: A total of 966 women underwent TLH during study period. 265 patients (27.4%) were received postoperative intervention. Patients with postoperative intervention had lower preoperative and postoperative Hb level, longer operation time, heavy uterine weight and blood loss during operation compared with patients without postoperative intervention. (p<0.001) Analysis by subgroup divided by preoperative Hb level revealed that lower preoperative Hb level was related with smaller decrease of Hb level after operation and greater opportunity to receive postoperative intervention. (p<0.001) Cutoff value of preoperative Hb level for predicting the patients' probability of receiving postoperative intervention was 10.1 g/dL with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.837. (sensitivity: 0.343, specificity: 0.967) 결론: Possibility of having postoperative intervention after TLH is affected by not decreasing amount of Hb levels but absolute value of Hb level. Patients, whose preoperative Hb level was below 10.1g/dL, had strong possibility to take postoperative intervention to correct postoperative anemia.
Kim, Wooseong,Yang, Yejin,Kim, Dohoon,Jeong, Seongkeun,Yoo, Jin-Wook,Yoon, Jeong-Hyun,Jung, Yunjin Dove Medical Press 2017 Drug design, development and therapy Vol.11 No.-
<P>Metronidazole (MTDZ), the drug of choice for the treatment of protozoal infections such as luminal amebiasis, is highly susceptible to colonic metabolism, which may hinder its conversion from a colon-specific prodrug to an effective anti-amebic agent targeting the entire large intestine. Thus, in an attempt to control the colonic distribution of the drug, a polymeric colon-specific prodrug, MTDZ conjugated to dextran via a succinate linker (Dex-SA-MTDZ), was designed. Upon treatment with dextranase for 8 h, the degree of Dex-SA-MTDZ depolymerization (%) with a degree of substitution (mg of MTDZ bound in 100 mg of Dex-SA-MTDZ) of 7, 17, and 30 was 72, 38, and 8, respectively, while that of dextran was 85. Depolymerization of Dex-SA-MTDZ was found to be necessary for the release of MTDZ, because dextranase pretreatment ensures that de-esterification occurs between MTDZ and the dextran backbone. In parallel, Dex-SA-MTDZ with a degree of substitution of 17 was found not to release MTDZ upon incubation with the contents of the small intestine and stomach of rats, but it released MTDZ when incubated with rat cecal contents (including microbial dextranases). Moreover, Dex-SA-MTDZ exhibited prolonged release of MTDZ, which contrasts with drug release by small molecular colon-specific prodrugs, MTDZ sulfate and <I>N</I>-nicotinoyl-2-{2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)ethyloxy}-<SMALL>D</SMALL>,<SMALL>L</SMALL>-glycine. These prodrugs were eliminated very rapidly, and no MTDZ was detected in the cecal contents. Consistent with these in vitro results, we found that oral gavage of Dex-SA-MTDZ delivered MTDZ (as MTDZ conjugated to [depolymerized] dextran) to the distal colon. However, upon oral gavage of the small molecular prodrugs, no prodrugs were detected in the distal colon. Collectively, these data suggest that dextran conjugation is a potential pharmaceutical strategy to control the colonic distribution of drugs susceptible to colonic microbial metabolism.</P>
Analysis of the Collaborative Reflection Processes of Two University Instructors.
YunJin Kim,Neil Briggs 한국외국어교육학회 2019 Foreign languages education Vol.26 No.1
This study explores how the shared reflections of two university instructors influenced their approaches and perspectives of English language teaching. The primary source of data was derived from the two teachers’ e-mail mediated, collaborative reflective journals and two dialogical interviews served as a secondary data source. A qualitative, narrative inquiry approach was employed to gather data in a direct and in-depth way. The data were selectively coded to investigate the teacher’s reported beliefs, behaviors, and interactions as well as how they relate to the process of professional development. The findings indicate that the process of sharing and reflecting upon their pedagogical philosophy and strategies supported their ongoing efforts to develop professionally. Moreover, this study addresses the notion that more attention should be paid towards improving reflective teaching among teachers as a means of enhancing professional development.
Analysis of Research Trends Focusing on Outcomes in Language Learning Using MMORPGs
( Yunjin Kim ) 한국멀티미디어언어교육학회 2018 Multimedia Assisted Language Learning Vol.21 No.4
Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs) are steadily gaining popularity as language learning tools among second and foreign language learners. The purpose of the current study is to explore the language learning findings of previous studies published from 2008 to 2018 through database searches using the keywords: ‘MMORPGs’, ‘online RPG’, ‘RPG’, ‘language learning’, and ‘English education’. Thirty articles that met the research requirements were selected. A qualitative content analysis was adopted to analyze previous studies, dividing them into three categories: 1) game design, 2) language skills and knowledge, and 3) pedagogical processes. Additionally, a theoretical framework was employed in the current study, classifying the content of previous studies into three categories: cognitive, social and affective perspectives, with each category linked with language learning theories including cognitivism, constructivism, socio-cultural perspectives, and behaviorism. The results indicated that the outcomes in MMORPG language learning could be classified into specific themes: communication, collaboration, interaction, and motivation. The design of MMORPGs (character, narrative environments, and quests) has an impact on learning experiences and engagement. The possibilities and potentialities of using MMORPGs were addressed in terms of mediating language learning between real and virtual worlds. Suggestions were made to implement the use of MMORPGs for future language learning in English education based on Csíkszentmihályi’s (2000) flow theory.
Kim, Duksoo,Hong, Sungchae,Jung, Sunhwa,Jung, Yunjin,Kim, Young Mi Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol.98 No.11
<P>Metronidazole (MTZ) is a drug of choice for protozoal infections such as luminal amoebiasis. We designed and synthesized N-nicotinoyl-2-{2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-1-yl)ethyloxy}-D,L-glycine (NMG) as a colon-specific prodrug of MTZ. The synthetic yield of NMG was about 34%. The apparent partition coefficient of MTZ was greatly reduced by the chemical modification. While (bio)chemically stable in the contents of the upper intestine, NMG was rapidly cleaved to liberate MTZ on incubation with the cecal contents of rats. MTZ metabolized quickly in the cecal contents at least partly by a microbial nitroreductase, suggesting that the metabolism of MTZ is relevant to its bioactivation leading to amoebicidal action. The systemic absorption, analyzed by the blood concentration and urinary recovery of NMG, was very low after oral administration of NMG. In parallel with this, whereas MTZ disappeared mostly during the transit of the proximal small intestine, a substantial amount of NMG remained in the small intestine moving down to the large intestine where it metabolized rapidly. Moreover, comparing systemic absorption of MTZ after oral administration of NMG or MTZ, NMG markedly reduced the systemic absorption. These results suggest that NMG is a potential colon-specific prodrug of MTZ which improves therapeutic and toxicological properties. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 98:4161–4169, 2009</P>