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Lee, Youngyi,Ka, Sun-O,Cha, Hye-Na,Chae, Yu-Na,Kim, Mi-Kyung,Park, So-Young,Bae, Eun Ju,Park, Byung-Hyun American Diabetes Association 2017 Diabetes Vol.66 No.10
<P>Obesity-related insulin resistance is closely associated with macrophage accumulation and subsequent cytokine release in local tissues. Sirtuin 6 (Sirt6) is known to exert an anti-inflammatory function, but its role in macrophages in the context of obesity has not been investigated. We generated myeloid-specific Sirt6 knockout (mS6KO) mice and investigated the metabolic characteristics after high-fat diet (HFD) feeding for 16 weeks. Compared with their wild-type littermates, HFD-fed mS6KO mice exhibited greater increases in body weight, fasting blood glucose and insulin levels, hepatic steatosis, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance. Gene expression, histology, and flow cytometric analyses demonstrated that liver and adipose tissue inflammation were elevated in HFD-fed mS6KO mice relative to wild type, with a greater accumulation of F4/80(+)CD11b(+)CD11c(+) adipose tissue macrophages. Myeloid Sirt6 deletion facilitated proinflammatory M1 polarization of bone marrow macrophages and augmented the migration potential of macrophages toward adipose-derived chemoattractants. Mechanistically, Sirt6 deletion in macrophages promoted the activation of nuclear factor-B (NF-kappa B) and endogenous production of interleukin-6, which led to STAT3 activation and the positive feedback circuits for NF-kappa B stimulation; this cross talk expedited an M1 polarization. We conclude that Sirt6 in macrophages is required for the prevention of obesity-associated tissue inflammation and insulin resistance.</P>
생활환경 맞춤형 건강증진·추적관리 스마트 헬스 시스템을 활용한 1인가구 건강 모니터링 구축에 관한 연구
장호종(Hojong Chang),김영이(Youngyi Kim),이우근(Woo-geun Lee),이채석(Chae-Seok Lee),이지혜(Ji Hye Lee),한병훈(Byunghun Han),김아령(A-Ryoung Kim),송은채(Eunchae Song),남승범(Seung Bum Nam) 대한전자공학회 2023 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.6
Since COVID-19, it has become necessary to establish a health care system for health promotion and tracking management as a government response to the medically vulnerable class (single-person households, etc.). In the global healthcare market, not only traditional medical companies but also IT companies such as Apple and Amazon are leading the market, and countermeasures are needed. In this paper, we discuss the establishment of single-person household health monitoring using a smart health system for health promotion and tracking management tailored to the living environment.
최영이(Youngyi Choi),이상도(Sangdo Lee) 한국중원언어학회 2018 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.46
The purpose of this study is to argue that English fricatives are not likely to experience assimilation due to sufficiency of perceptual cues that fricatives carry. The theory of perceptual cues and preserving constraints were consulted from Steriade(1999, 2000) and Jun(1995, 1996, 2004). In cross-linguistic patterns of place assimilation that Steriade(1999, 2000) and Jun(1995, 1996, 2004) suggested, nasals have been regarded as more frequent target of assimilation than stops, but in English, the opposite seems to be true. Therefore in this paper, the new rank of constraints for feature preserving that goes for English assimilation is suggested. Besides we argue that each place and manner feature of consonants contributes to each place and manner assimilation, not that manner features affect place assimilation. To prove this, using perceptual constraints, we demonstrate that fricatives have high ranked constraint in preserving both place and manner features in turn, nasals and the lowest is stops. The factors that make fricatives lie in the highest rank are assumed to be friction noise and long duration of articulation.
최영이 ( Youngyi Choi ),이상도 ( Sangdo Lee ) 한국외국어대학교 언어연구소 2017 언어와 언어학 Vol.0 No.76
This paper is the study on partial assimilation in terms of perceptual cues. Plenty of phenomena that are known as complete assimilation are in reality partial assimilation because a feature of a target segment remains after assimilation, not resembles trigger features or not becomes fully the same as trigger features. To identify a remaining target feature, we observe F1, F2, F3 in spectrogram of Praat. If either F1, the signal for articulatory manner or F2 and F3, the signal for articulatory place of target segment is left, that will be the acoustic evidence of partial assimilation. Inferring underlying input and output from the phenomena and establishing several perceptual constraints regarding perceptual perspective, we proved that all the assimilations are involved in partial because to lose all the target features in assimilation is lack of any efforts for listener`s cognitional ease.
영어의 동화와 이화에 대한 필수굴곡원리와 인지적 관점 연구
최영이 ( Youngyi Choi ),이상도 ( Sangdo Lee ) 한국외국어대학교 언어연구소 2016 언어와 언어학 Vol.0 No.72
Obligatory Contour Principle applies to explain mainly dissimilation. If the violation of OCP happens in certain phonological rules, their rules may be modified to obey OCP. In this paper, however, I claim that assimilation as well as dissimilation must be controlled by OCP, To follow OCP, in a phonological process, one of two similar or same sounds in a word becomes less like the other and two different sounds gets similar or same. Besides, because OCP is perceptual-based principle, I analyzed assimilation and dissimialtion in the view that OCP and the operation of Perceptual Cues in these phenomena are fundamentally the same. It is attributed to the fact that two neighboring sounds are modified to avoid inconvenient articulation not only by dropping one of them out or changing one sound but also making them similar or same. Therefore I set up constraints for OCP and Perceptual Cues and analyzed them in the same way with Optimality Theory.
JungYoon Yi,GiAn Lee,YoungYi Lee,JaeGyun Gwag,EunHo Son,HongJae Park 한국자원식물학회 2016 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.29 No.6
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) shoot tips grown in vitro were successfully cryopreserved by encapsulationvitrification. Encapsulated explants are very easily manipulated, due to the relatively large size of the alginate beads, and a large number of samples can be treated simultaneously. In this study, the effects of sucrose preculture, cryoprotectant preculture, and post-warm recovery media on regrowth, following liquid nitrogen (LN) exposure, were investigated to establish an efficient encapsulation-vitrification protocol for sweet potato. Shoot tips of plants grown in vitro were precultured in 0.3 M sucrose for 2 d before encapsulation. Encapsulated shoot tips were pre-incubated in liquid MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium containing 0.5 M sucrose for 16 h, before preculturing in sucrose-enriched medium (0.7 M sucrose) for 8 h. Shoot tips were osmoprotected with 35% plant vitrification solution 3 (PVS3) for 3 h, before being dehydrated with PVS3 for 2 h at 25°C. The encapsulated and dehydrated shoot tips were transferred to 2 mL cryotubes, suspended in 0.5 mL PVS3, and plunged directly into liquid N. High levels of shoot formation were obtained for the cv. Yeulmi (65.7%) and Yeonwhangmi (80.3%). The regrowth rates of cryopreserved samples in Yeulmi (78.9%) and Yeonwhangmi (91.3%), following culture on ammonium-free MS medium for 5 d, were much higher than those cultured on standard MS medium (65.7% and 80.3%, respectively). This encapsulation-vitrification is a promising method for the long-term preservation of sweet potato.
Shen, Chen,Chen, Jin Hong,Lee, Youngyi,Hassan, Md. Mehedi,Kim, Su Jin,Choi, Eun Young,Hong, Seong-Tshool,Park, Byung-Hyun,Park, Ji Hyun American Association of Immunologists 2018 Journal of Immunology Vol. No.
<P>Connexin 43 (Cx43) deficiency was found to increase mortality in a mouse model of bacterial peritonitis, and Cx43 is upregulated in macrophages by LPS treatment. In this study, we characterized a novel signaling pathway for LPS-induced Cx43 expression in RAW264.7 cells and thioglycolate-elicited peritoneal macrophages (TGEMs). LPS alone or LPS-containing conditioned medium (CM) upregulated Cx43. Overexpression or silencing of Cx43 led to the enhancement or inhibition, respectively, of CM-induced TGEM migration. This response involved the inducible NO synthase (iNOS)/focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/Src pathways. Moreover, CM-induced migration was compromised in TGEMs from Cx43<SUP>+/−</SUP> mice compared with TGEMs from Cx43<SUP>+/+</SUP> littermates. Cx43 was upregulated by a serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK) activator and downregulated, along with inhibition of CM-induced TGEM migration, by knockdown of the <I>SGK</I> gene or blockade of the SGK pathway. LPS-induced SGK activation was abrogated by Torin2, whereas LPS-induced Cx43 was downregulated by both Torin2 and rapamycin. Analysis of the effects of FK506 and methylprednisolone, common immunosuppressive agents following organ transplantation, suggested a link between these immunosuppressive drugs and impaired macrophage migration via the Cx43/iNOS/Src/FAK pathway. In a model of <I>Escherichia coli</I> infectious peritonitis, GSK650349-, an SGK inhibitor, or Torin2-treated mice showed less accumulation of F4/80<SUP>+</SUP>CD11b<SUP>+</SUP> macrophages in the peritoneal cavity, with a delay in the elimination of bacteria. Furthermore, following pretreatment with Gap19, a selective Cx43 hemichannel blocker, the survival of model mice was significantly reduced. Taken together, our study suggested that Cx43 in macrophages was associated with macrophage migration, an important immune process in host defense to infection.</P>