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        시대적 배경을 통해 본 마을 숲의 변천과 보존 : 성남리 성황림 지역을 대상으로

        남연화,윤영활 한국정원학회 2002 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.20 No.2

        In recent days, the historical and cultural resources of agricultural villages have been destroyed and disappeared by reckless developments. The purpose of this research is to help administrations to establish the good policy about forests by investigating the changing process and preservation condition of the woods that embraces the continuous life of villagers. It is limited to the Seong-Whang-Lim in Wonju-city. People of the village hold this forests sacred and call it Sin-Lim. In the light of humanistic societies and physical environment, its history , conservation policy, regulation, the area and configuration of the ground, food life, facilities, and dwelling environment were perodically survryed and analyzed in connection to forest. In result the restriction and protection policy as institution caused the preservation of the forest. They hepled to maintain original forest, if the area of the forest has been decreased after the colonial period of Japan. And the closure treatment of the road in the forest resulted in the separation of space between the trees of level round and the trees of the slope and the policy of afforestation caused the destruction of a traditional plant-life, by being planted foreign trees. Finally the forest was reduced and damaged, it is necessary for us to take measures systematically because broad-leaved trees of the temperature zone provide us historical and cultural space.

      • 水石景觀에 基礎한 華陰洞 精舍의 空間特性

        한재오,윤영활 강원대학교 조형예술연구소 2005 조형예술논문집 Vol.6 No.-

        Jeongsa is a kind of building which is a learning place under the control of teacher for confucianism students, and it's often located at the Gok(曲) landscape which is a scene with appearance in a geographical landscape. The scholars established the Jeongsa to enjoy the beautiful mountain and water. For the purpose of avoiding social confusion neo-confucianists tended to seek the place for a secluded life. This schlor's behavior in Chosun imitated a habit such as the life style of Chu-Tzu(朱子) in Song dynasty, China. This Hwaeumdong Jeongsa as a place of seclusion and self-discipline was built by Soo-Jeung Kim(1624-1701) who was a neo-confucianist and a literary man in Chosun dynasty. He tried to embody confucian's outlook on the universe in his Jeongsa space, which adopted a factor of geographical landscape such as rock and stream. Hwaeumdong Jeongsa seems found to be the meaningful garden with symbolim, which could not easily in discovered the others in Chosun dynasty.

      • 청평사 원림의 식생경관

        김상규,박완근,윤영활 강원대학교 조형예술연구소 2008 조형예술연구 논문집 Vol. No.9

        In this study, the detail plants were analyzed by relating to the geographical configuration of the ground as using the basic data of the plants in the whole area of Mt. Obong and focusing on each detail space of the relics in the Zen garden of Cheongpyeongsa. Mt. Obong, which Cheongpyeongsa is located in, contains 434 different species of vegetation and the typical communities are of Pinus densiflola and Quercus mongolica. There are various types, a coniferous forest, a deciduous forest and a mixed forest. The typical landscape plants observed in the old literatures are Pinus densiflola, Pyrus ussuriensis and Taxus cuspidata. As the landscape plant maintained from the past, two trees of Taxus cuspidata, which have existed until now from the era of the Goryeo Dynasty, and Keria japonica for. plena, which is assumed that it had been planted in the beginning of the Joseon Dynaty, remain in the precincts, the Youngji and the Seocheon district.

      • KCI등재

        해외에 조성된 한국전통정원의 재현 특성

        김경돈,한갑수,윤영활 江原大學校 森林科學硏究所 2003 Journal of Forest Science Vol.19 No.-

        해외에 조성된 한국 전통조경의 특성과 디자인 성향을 파악하고자 해외에 설계, 시공되어진 대표적 한국성 정원 3개소를 선정하였다. 즉 프랑스 파리공원의 한국정원과 일본 오오사까의 쓰르미공원, 요꼬하마의 관자정 등이다. 이들 세 공간에 대해 한국고유의 디자인 원리와 image성, 경관구성요소 등의 한국성을 비교, 분석하였다. 그 결과 일본에 조성된 두 곳은 직설적 공간 재현을, 프랑스 파리공원은 직설과 은유적 공간 재현방법을 응용하며 전통을 재현 하고자 하였다. 도입된 시설 및 요소들은 정자, 꽃담, 다리 등의 전통 구조물과 조산(가산), 화계, 그리고 마당개념의 공간연출 등의 요소 및 기법이 공통적으로 응용되어 한국성 image를 표현하였다. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the three korean traditional gardens in France and Japan were representing the tradition by comparing and reviewing them. The concerns for analysing the korean garden made in foreign counties were focused on issue of a representation Representing a Korean garden into three foreign parts depends on the manner of a representation their objects and media. We found the characteristics through analysing the korean gardens that traditional elements such as a traditional pavilion, fence, madang, chosan and hwagye were generally chosen as essential elements for representing the korean tradition.

      • Production of vanillin by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli

        Yoon, Sang-Hwal,Li, Cui,Kim, Ju-Eun,Lee, Sook-He,Yoon, Ji-Young,Choi, Myung-Suk,Seo, Weon-Taek,Yang, Jae-Kyung,Kim, Jae-Yeon,Kim, Seon-Won Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2005 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2005 No.

        E. coli was metabolically engineered to produce vanillin by expression of the fcs and ech genes from Amycolatopsis sp. encoding feruloyl-CoA synthetase and enoyl-CoA hydratase/aldolase, respectively. Vanillin production was optimized by leaky expression of the genes, under the IPTG-inducible trc promoter, in complex 2YT medium. Supplementation with glucose, fructose, galactose, arabinose or glycerol severely decreased vanillin production. The highest vanillin production of 1.1 g 1^(-1) was obtained with cultivation for 48 h in 2YT medium with 0.2% (w/v) ferulate, without IPTG and no supplementation of carbon sources.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재

        조선 초 성임의 석가산에 조명된 상징성과 형태적 구현

        윤영조 ( Young Jo Yoon ),윤영활 ( Young Hwal Yoon ) 한국전통조경학회(구 한국정원학회) 2012 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.30 No.1

        석가산(石假山)은 고려시대 창안되어 조선시대로 전승, 발달된 한국전통기법으로 산수자연의 풍치를 축경적으로 재현한 한국의 창조적 석정문화(石庭文化)이다. 이 연구는 조선 초 문신인 성임(成任, 1421~1484)의 한양 인왕산 저택에 조영한 석가산을 대상으로 관련 옛 문헌을 근거로 하여 성임이 조영한 석가산의 역사적 의미와 상징성 그리고 형상과 구조를 구현해 내고자 하였다. 연구결과 성임의 석가산에서 다음과 같은 결과를 구명할 수 있었다. 조선 초 성임의 석가산은 고려 중기 만월대 본궐 뜰에 처음 조성한 지변형(池邊形) 석가산의 구조적 형태를 계승하고 있고, 석가산이란 명칭도 성임의 저택 원림에서 처음 ``석가산``이라고 명명되고 있다. 그리고 조선 초 성임의 석가산에는 신선사상 등 여러 철리적(哲理的) 함의(含意)가 고려시대보다 더 응축되어 상상의 공간으로 표상되고 있으며, 중국의 여러 명산명호의 모사가 고려조와 유사하게 나타나고 있다. 또한 고려시대 보이지 않던 석가산 조영목적에 정서적인 안정과 치유를 위한 실용성이 나타나고 있다. 성임의 석가산은 고려시대 석가산의 계승적 차원의 역사적 의미와 형상과 구조적 틀을 확인 해 볼 수 있는 조경사적 가치가 높은 기록유적이라고 할 수 있다. Seokgasan(石假山) is originated in Goryeo, is a Korean traditional technique handed down to Joseon and Seokgasan is the Korean creative culture of gardening by artificial stones, which replicates small artificial mountain of natural landscape in the garden. The object of this study is Seokgasan made by Seong-im(成任), who was a civil minister in Joseon and lived from 1421 to 1484, in his residence located in Inwang Mountain, Hanyang and the purpose of this study is to investigate the historical meaning and symbol of Seokgasan made by Seong-im on the base of the relative old literatures and embody its shape and structure. According to the result of this study on Seokgasan of Seong-im, it can find out some facts as follows; Seokgasan of Seong-im in the early Joseon succeeded to the structural form of Seokgasan of the artificial rock mountain type connected pond, which was made-up firstly in the garden of the Palace of Manwoldae in the Middle Goryeo, and it was called firstly as ``Seokgasan`` in the garden of Seong-im`s house. Seong-im``s Seokgasan in the early Joseon had more concentrated philosophical meanings, including the idea of taoist immortal, than those in the Goryeo dynasty and was be emblematic of an imaginative space. Also there were lots of gardens modeled on the famous mountains and famous lakes in China much the same as the Goryeo dynasty. In addition, there was an exceptional purpose for building Seokgasan which could not be found in the Goryeo dynasty. That was practicality for emotional stability and cure. Seong-im`s Seokgasan is record-relics with high value of landscape architecture history, which can identify its historical meanings, shapes and structural frames succeeded from the Goryeo dynasty.

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