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Woo-Taek Kwon,Yeong-Seon Kim,Lee-Seung Kwon 한국유통과학회 2015 유통과학연구 Vol.13 No.12
Purpose – The purpose of this study is to determine consumers’ awareness of hygiene and the perceived risks in the service areas of coffee shops and diners, or simply coffee shops. Research design, data, and methodology – A literature review was conducted on related publications, essays, and periodicals to find correlations among the variables. We developed a research model and hypothesis, and conducted empirical research for statistical data analysis. Results – The results satisfied adequacy standards, with GFI=0.926, AGFI=0.901, RMR=0.020, NFI=0.941, X2=403.197, and p-value=0.120. The results also displayed satisfied adequacy standards for the moderating effects of shop types, with GFI=0.998 (≥0.9 desirable), AGFI=0.998 (≥0.9 desirable), RMR=0.004 (≤0.05 desirable), NFI=0.999 (≥0.9 desirable), X2=1.572, and p-value=0.814 (≥0.05 desirable). Conclusions – A higher consumer hygienic awareness results in a better brand image. Moreover, greater perceived risk results in a worse brand image. Perceived risk is a vital determinant of brand image and it deeply influences customers’ decisions to visit. Therefore, perceived risk is a vital determinant of forming a brand image and must be incorporated when devising strategies.
Yeong-Soon Gal,Sung-Ho Jin,Sang Hee Jang,Kwon Taek Lim 한국화상학회 2011 한국화상학회지 Vol.17 No.3
WCl6-EtAlCl2 촉매계를 이용하여 비교적 큰 분자량을 갖는 폴리(페닐아세틸렌)을 합성하였다. 중합반응이 잘 진행되었으며 중합수율은 81%였다. 합성한 폴리(페닐아세틸렌) 분자구조를 NMR(1H-,13C-), IR, UV-visible, 원소분석 등으로 분석한 결과 페닐 치환기를 갖는 공액구조 고분자가 합성되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 아울러 332 nm의 빛으로 여기시킬 경우 PL 최대 peak는 424 nm에서 관찰되었는데, 이는 2.93 eV의 광 에너지에 해당한다. 이 고분자의 순환 전압전류 그림은 도핑과 탈도핑사이에서 비가역적인 전기화학적 거동을 보여주었다. 이 고분자의 전기화학적 과정이 매우 안정하였으며, 스캔속도에 따른 산화전류 밀도 실험으로부터 이 고분자의 산화-환언 과정은 확산-제어과정에 따르는 것으로 분석되었다.
Dual-Gate Surface Channel 0.1${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ CMOSFETs
Kwon, Hyouk-Man,Lee, Yeong-Taek,Lee, Jong-Duk,Park, Byung-Gook The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 1998 Journal of Electrical Engineering and Information Vol.3 No.2
This paper describes the fabrication and characterization of dual-polysilicon gated surface channel 0.1$\mu\textrm{m}$ CMOSFETs using BF2 and arsenic as channel dopants. We have used and LDD structure and 40${\AA}$ gate oxide as an insulator. To suppress short channel effects down to 0.1$\mu\textrm{m}$ channel length, shallow source/drain extensions implemented by low energy implantation and SSR(Super Steep Retrograde) channel structure were used. The threshold voltages of fabricated CMOSFETs are 0.6V. The maximum transconductance of nMOSFET is 315${\mu}$S/$\mu\textrm{m}$, and that of pMOSFET is 156 ${\mu}$S/$\mu\textrm{m}$. The drain saturation current of 418 ${\mu}$A/$\mu\textrm{m}$, 187${\mu}$A/$\mu\textrm{m}$ are obtained. Subthreshold swing is 85mV/dec and 88mV/dec, respectively. DIBL(Drain Induced Barrier Lowering) is below 100mV. In the device with 2000${\AA}$ thick gate polysilicon, depletion in polysilicon near the gate oxide results in an increase of equivalent gate oxide thickness and degradation of device characteristics. The gate delay time is measured to be 336psec at operation voltage of 2V.
Gal, Yeong-Soon,Jin, Sung-Ho,Park, Jong Wook,Lim, Kwon Taek Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2015 Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Vol.618 No.1
<P>A new poly(aryleneethynylene) was synthesized from the palladium-catalyzed carbon-carbon coupling condensation of 4-[(tert-butyldimethylsiloxy)methyl]-1,6-heptadiyne and p-diiodobenzene. This polymerization proceeded well in mild reaction conditions to give a high yield of polymer (92%). The polymer structure was characterized by such instrumental methods as infrared and NMR spectroscopies. This polymer was completely soluble in common organic solvents such as chloroform, chlorobenzene, toluene, and xylene. The X-ray diffractogram of polymer powder showed that this polymer is amorphous. In the DSC thermogram of polymer, a broad exothermic peak was observed around 205 degrees C (started at 140 degrees C) in the first heating, whereas there was no exothermic peak in the second heating. When this polymer was excited at 272 nm, it gave PL maximum emissions at 327 and 380 nm.</P>
Gal, Yeong-Soon,Jin, Sung-Ho,Park, Jong-Wook,Lim, Kwon Taek Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Journal of polymer science Part A, Polymer chemist Vol.47 No.22
<P>The activated polymerization of 2-ethynylpyridine by using 2-thiophenecarbonyl chloride yielded the corresponding conjugated ionic polymer, poly[2-ethynyl-N-(2-thiophenecarbonyl)pyridinium chloride] (PETCPC). The polymerization proceeded well to give high yield of polymer without any additional initiator or catalyst. The instrumental analysis data on polymer structure indicated that the present ionic polymer have a conjugated polymer backbone system having N-(2-thiophenecarbonyl)pyridinium chloride as substituents. The photoluminescence maximum peak of PETCPC was located at 573 nm, which corresponds to the photon energy of 2.16 eV. The aromatic functional substituents in the conjugated backbone system shift PL maximum values because it makes different molecule arrangement. The cyclovoltamograms of PETCPC exhibited the electrochemically stable window at −1.24 to 1.80 V region. It was found that the kinetics of the redox process of polymer might be controlled by the reactant diffusion process from the experiment of the oxidation current density of polymer versus the scan rate. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 6153–6162, 2009</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>The activated polymerization of 2-ethynylpyridine by using 2-thiophenecarbonyl chloride yielded the corresponding conjugated ionic polymer, poly[2-ethynyl-N-(2-thiophenecarbonyl)pyridinium chloride] (PETCPC). The instrumental analysis data on polymer structure indicated that the present ionic polymer have a conjugated polymer backbone system having N-(2-thiophenecarbonyl)pyridinium as substituents. The photoluminescence maximum peak of polymer was located at 573 nm, which corresponds to the photon energy of 2.16 eV. The cyclovoltamograms of polymer exhibited the electrochemically stable window at −1.24 to 1.80 V region. The kinetics of the redox process of polymer was found to be controlled by the reactant diffusion process from the experiment of the oxidation current density of polymer versus the scan rate. <img src='wiley_img/0887624X-2009-47-22-POLA23658-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/0887624X-2009-47-22-POLA23658-gra001'> </P>
Gal, Yeong-Soon,Jin, Sung-Ho,Park, Jong Wook,Lim, Kwon Taek,Kim, Sang Youl Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2015 Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Vol.618 No.1
<P>A new ionic polyacetylene with coumarin moieties was synthesized via the non-catalyst polymerization of 2-ethynylpyridine using 4-bromomethyl-7-methoxycoumarin in high yield. The polymerization proceeded well in homogeneous manner to give 75% of yield without any additional catalyst or initiator. The polymer structure was identified by such various instrumental methods as NMR, IR, and UV-visible spectroscopies to have a conjugated backbone with the designed coumarin groups. The photoluminescence peak was observed at 512nm corresponding to a photon energy of 2.42eV. The cyclovoltamograms of polymer exhibited the electrochemically stable window at the -1.8 approximate to 1.50V region. Oxidation and reduction were started at 0.58 and -0.8V and had stable electrochemical property up to 30 cycles.</P>