임상실습 간호대학생의 공감능력, 의사소통능력, 심리적 소진 간의 관계

고재원,김지은,박진영,서혜영,신유진,이동민,정다은,진서정,최서원,XIE WEI,YANG JING,배성희,손지희 이화여자대학교 간호학회 2018 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.52

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship among empathy ability, communication ability, and psychological burnout in nursing students on clinical practice. Method: Data was collected using questionnaires between September 20th, 2017 to January 2th, 2018. Participants of this study were 159 of grade 3 and 4 nursing students who had completed at least one semester of clinical practice experience and currently attending universities located in Seoul. Data were analyzed using percentage, average, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe’s test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient using the SPSS WIN 24.0 program. Results: The empathy ability was positively correlated with communication ability(r=.437, p=.000). And the communication ability was negatively correlated with psychological burnout(r=-.390, p=.000). Also the empathy ability was negatively correlated with psychological burnout(r=-217, p=.006). Conclusion: These results suggest that psychological burnout is closely related to empathy ability and communication ability. Based on these results, empathy ability and communication ability need to be increased by efficient management and intervention to decrease the degree of psychological burnout in nursing students. Also, the findings should be considered when developing plans or education programs for nursing students’ major adjustment.

A theoretical note on mode-I crack branching and kinking

Xie, Y.J.,Hu, X.Z.,Wang, X.H.,Chen, J.,Lee, K.Y. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2011 Engineering fracture mechanics Vol.78 No.6

An energy-based fracture mode has been derived for the mode-I crack branching and kinking. The classic J<SUB>i</SUB>-integral has been further explored by a new partial integral path and the analytical solution of the energy release rate for crack branching and kinking from a mode-I crack tip has been established. The crack branching/kinking angle has also been analytically derived. It shows that the Griffith's theorem and conservation law can be applied to both mode-I crack extension and mode-I crack branching and kinking. The branching mechanism for quasi-static mode-I crack has been theoretically investigated. The branching toughness and the K-based criterion for crack branching have been defined. The crack branching phenomena predicted by the present model are in well agreement with the experimental observations reported in the literatures.

High Sustained Virologic Response with Daclatasvir plus Asunaprevir in HCV GT-1b Chinese, Korean and Taiwanese without Baseline NS5A Polymorphisms

( F. Mcphee ),( L. Wei ),( Q. Xie ),( Y. Suzuki ),( J. Toyota ),( Y. Karino ),( K. Chayama ),( Y. Kawakami ),( M. L. Yu ),( S. H. Ahn ),( N. Zhou ),( H. Kumada ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: Daclatasvir (DCV) plus asunaprevir (ASV) has demonstrated highsustained virologic response (SVR) in HCV genotype (GT-)1b infection.NS5A-Y93H and NS5A-L31 resistance-associated polymorphisms(RAPs) to DCV are known to impact DCV+ASV response in GT-1b-infectedJapanese. The effect of RAPs on SVR at posttreatment week12 (SVR12) to DCV+ASV was explored in mainland Chinese, Korean,and Taiwanese.Methods: Pooled data from 2 studies of DCV (60 mg daily) + ASV(100 mg capsule, twice-daily) for 24 weeks in GT-1b-infected interferon/ribavirin-naive and -experienced patients from mainland China,Korea, and Taiwan. Similar Japanese data (4 studies; n=445) werepooled for comparison. SVR12 with versus without baseline Y93Hand/or L31 RAPs was compared by age (<65 vs ≥65 years), cirrhosisstatus, and baseline HCV-RNA.Results: SVR12 and baseline NS5A sequences were available for 282patients (126 mainland Chinese [45%〕, 80 Koreans [28%〕, 76Taiwanese [27%〕). NS5A-Y93H and/or -L31 RAPs were observed pretreatmentin 8% mainland Chinese, 14% Korean, and 18%Taiwanese patients, compared with 19% in Japanese. SVR12 in allnon-Japanese patients is shown (Figure); rates were broadly similarbetween countries and with Japanese data (Japanese: 96% overallwithout RAPs, 41% with RAPs). Responses were lower among patientswith baseline RAPs. By contrast, SVR12 in patients without RAPs washigh (92-100%), irrespective of cirrhosis, age, or baseline HCV-RNA.Conclusions: At least 95% of HCV GT-1b-infected patients from mainlandChina, Korea or Taiwan without baseline NS5A-Y93H or -L31polymorphisms who had HCV-RNA ≤7 log10 IU/mL achieved SVR12on DCV+ASV, regardless of cirrhosis status and age.

A Phase 3 Evaluation of Daclatasvir plus Asunaprevir in Treatment-Naive Patients with Chronic HCV Genotype 1b Infection

( L. Wei ),( F. Wang ),( M. Zhang ),( J. Jia ),( A.A. Yakovlev ),( W. Xie ),( E.Z. Burnevich ),( J. Niu ),( Y.J. Jung ),( X. Jiang ),( M. Xu ),( X. Chen ),( Q. Xie ),( J. Li ),( J. Hou ),( H. Tang ),( 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Background/Aims: Treatment-naive GT 1b-infected patients from mainland China, South Korea and Russia were assessed for SVR at follow-up week 12 (SVR12) after receiving daclatasvir (60 mg, QD) and asunaprevir (100 mg, BID) (DCV+ASV). Methods: Patients were randomized 3:1 to receive DCV+ASV (24 weeks; immediate treatment [IM]) or 12 weeks of placebo followed by DCV+ASV (24 weeks; placebo-deferred treatment [PD]). The primary endpoint was to evaluate SVR12 in the IM arm to the historical rate for peginterferon/ribavirin (70%). Secondary endpoints included overall safety and safety comparisons between the treatment arms during the first 12 weeks. Results: 207 patients were randomized to IM (n=155) or PD (n=52); Asian (86%), female (59%), IL28B CC genotype (68%) and median age 49 (range 18-73) years; cirrhosis (13%), HCV RNA ≥6x106 IU/mL (53%). SVR12 in the IM arm was 92% and broadly unaffected by most baseline factors assessed (Figure); SVR12 was higher in patients without (96%) baseline NS5A-L31M/V or Y93H polymorphisms. There were 6 virologic breakthroughs, 6 relapses and 1 detectable HCV RNA at end-of-treatment in the IM arm. Safety was mostly comparable between the two arms during the first 12 weeks. The most frequent adverse events (AEs; ≥5%) during DCV+ASV (24 weeks) treatment in both arms were aminotransferase, bilirubin and INR elevations, hypertension, fatigue and respiratory tract infections; the most frequent treatment-emergent grade 3/4 laboratory abnormalities were aminotransferase (≤4.5%) and hematologic, lipase and total bilirubin abnormalities (≤2%); one patient (IM) discontinued DCV+ASV for aminotransferase elevations, nausea and jaundice (all reversible); one patient PD) discontinued DCV+ASV for a fatal AE unrelated to treatment. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that DCV+ASV is a highly efficacious and well tolerated treatment for treatment-naive HCV GT 1b-infected patients. Those treated immediately with DCV+ASV achieved a 92% SVR12 rate which was unaffected by factors known to attenuate response to interferon.

Study of optical and electrical properties of TiO2/Ag/TiO2 multilayers

J. H. Jia,L. Y. Chen,H. Xie,H. Y. You,J. Li,P. Zhou 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.44 No.32

Optical and electrical properties of TiO2/Ag/TiO2 multilms prepared by a multi-target sputtering method were investigated. The transmittance spectra and the sheet resistance as a function of layer thickness were carefully measured and analyzed. By properly adjusting the thickness of the metal and dielectric lms, a low sheet resistance of 30 Ohms/sq. and a high transmittance of over 90 % in the 500-700 nm wavelength region were achieved. It was found that a Ag layer played a significant role in determining the optical and electrical properties of the film structure.

Coronary Atherosclerosis T₁-Weighed Characterization With Integrated Anatomical Reference

Xie, Y.,Kim, Y.J.,Pang, J.,Kim, J.S.,Yang, Q.,Wei, J.,Nguyen, C.T.,Deng, Z.,Choi, B.W.,Fan, Z.,Bairey Merz, C.N.,Shah, P.K.,Berman, D.S.,Chang, H.J.,Li, D. Elsevier Science B.V. Amsterdam 2017 JACC CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING Vol.10 No.6

Objectives: The aim of this work is the development of coronary atherosclerosis T<SUB>1</SUB>-weighted characterization with integrated anatomical reference (CATCH) technique and the validation by comparison with high-risk plaque features (HRPF) observed on intracoronary optical coherence tomography (OCT) and invasive coronary angiography. Background: T<SUB>1</SUB>-weighted cardiac magnetic resonance with or without contrast media has been used for characterizing coronary atherosclerosis showing promising prognostic value. Several limitations include: 1) coverage is limited to proximal coronary segments; 2) spatial resolution is low and often anisotropic; and 3) a separate magnetic resonance angiography acquisition is needed to localize lesions. Methods: CATCH acquired dark-blood T<SUB>1</SUB>-weighted images and bright-blood anatomical reference images in an interleaved fashion. Retrospective motion correction with 100% respiratory gating efficiency was achieved. Reference control subjects (n = 13) completed both pre- and post-contrast scans. Stable angina patients (n = 30) completed pre-contrast scans, among whom 26 eligible patients also completed post-contrast scans. After cardiac magnetic resonance, eligible patients (n = 22) underwent invasive coronary angiography and OCT for the interrogation of coronary atherosclerosis. OCT images were assessed and scored for HRPF (lipid-richness, macrophages, cholesterol crystals, and microvessels) by 2 experienced analysts blinded to magnetic resonance results. Results: Per-subject analysis showed none of the 13 reference control subjects had coronary hyperintensive plaques (CHIP) in either pre-contrast or post-contrast CATCH. Five patients had CHIP on pre-contrast CATCH and 5 patients had CHIP on post-contrast CATCH. Patients with CHIP had greater lipid abnormality than those without. Per-segment analysis showed elevated pre- and post-contrast plaque to myocardium signal ratio in the lesions with HRPF versus those without. Positive correlation was observed between plaque to myocardium signal ratio and OCT HRPF scoring. CHIP on pre-contrast CATCH were associated with significantly higher stenosis level than non-CHIP on invasive coronary angiography. Conclusions: CATCH provided accelerated whole heart coronary plaque characterization with simultaneously acquired anatomical reference. CHIP detected by CATCH showed positive association with high-risk plaque features on invasive imaging studies.

Patterns of somatic alterations between matched primary and metastatic colorectal tumors characterized by whole-genome sequencing

Xie, T.,Cho, Y.B.,Wang, K.,Huang, D.,Hong, H.K.,Choi, Y.L.,Ko, Y.H.,Nam, D.H.,Jin, J.,Yang, H.,Fernandez, J.,Deng, S.,Rejto, P.A.,Lee, W.Y.,Mao, M. Academic Press 2014 Genomics Vol.104 No.4

Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients have poor prognosis after formation of distant metastasis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which genetic changes facilitate metastasis is critical for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling disease progression while minimizing toxic side effects. A comprehensive portrait of somatic alterations in CRC and the changes between primary and metastatic tumors has yet to be developed. We performed whole genome sequencing of two primary CRC tumors and their matched liver metastases. By comparing to matched germline DNA, we catalogued somatic alterations at multiple scales, including single nucleotide variations, small insertions and deletions, copy number aberrations and structural variations in both the primary and matched metastasis. We found that the majority of these somatic alterations are present in both sites. Despite the overall similarity, several de novo alterations in the metastases were predicted to be deleterious, in genes including FBXW7, DCLK1 and FAT2, which might contribute to the initiation and progression of distant metastasis. Through careful examination of the mutation prevalence among tumor cells at each site, we also proposed distinct clonal evolution patterns between primary and metastatic tumors in the two cases. These results suggest that somatic alterations may play an important role in driving the development of colorectal cancer metastasis and present challenges and opportunities when considering the choice of treatment.

Effects of culture conditions on conidial production of the sweet potato whitefly pathogenic fungus Isaria javanica

Xie, L.,Han, J.H.,Kim, J.J.,Lee, S.Y. Mycological Society of Japan 2016 Mycoscience Vol.57 No.1

<P>Sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci biotype Q has been recognized as one of the most destructive insect pests worldwide because of increased resistance to some insecticide groups. To develop an alternative control agent, the effects of different culture conditions such as fermentation methods, culture temperatures, initial inoculum concentrations, substrates and medium supplements on the conidial production of the isolate Isaria javanica Pf04 were assessed. The results demonstrated that conidia of the isolate could be economically produced by single-phase solid state fermentation on barley substrate at 25 degrees C with 10(8) conidia/g of initial substrate concentrations. Using optimal conditions, the maximum conidial production obtained was 3.5 x 10(9) conidia/g dry substrate after 15 d of cultivation. The conidia, which were produced on barley alone and barley with 5% additives of silkworm powder and moth larvae, were virulent against second instar nymphs of whitefly, providing >90% mortality. (C) 2015 The Mycological Society of Japan. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Applications of conservation integral to indentation with a rigid punch

Xie, Y.J.,Lee, K.Y.,Hu, X.Z.,Cai, Y.M. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2009 Engineering fracture mechanics Vol.76 No.7

When a substrate of the brittle material is indented by a relatively rigid, square-ended punch, a singular stress field and K-dominant region will arise at the near-surface adjacent to the punch corners. The singularity of this stress field is identical with the mode I crack. The stress intensity factor in this case represents the intensification of the stress fields induced by indentation. In present article, a new method to determine the stress intensity factors of the indentation problems is developed based on the conservation law. The physical meanings of the proposed method and some numerical analysis have been investigated.

Orange-emitting Ba₄R₂ZrWO₁₂:Eu³⁺ (R=La, Gd, Y) with the strongest ⁵D₀→⁷F₀ transition

Xie, H.,Xu, L.,Qin, L.,Huang, Y.,Wei, D.,Kim, S.I.,Seo, H.J. North-Holland 2014 Materials letters Vol.115 No.-

A novel orange-emitting tungstate of Eu<SUP>3+</SUP>-doped Ba<SUB>4</SUB>R<SUB>2</SUB>ZrWO<SUB>12</SUB> (R=La, Gd, Y) was successfully synthesized. The samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The luminescence properties such as photoluminescence (PL) excitation and emission spectra, decay curves, CIE color coordinates and quantum efficiency (QE) were investigated. The thermal stability was discussed from the luminescence decay and lifetimes. The <SUP>5</SUP>D<SUB>0</SUB>→<SUP>7</SUP>F<SUB>0</SUB> transition of Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> is abnormally stronger than the <SUP>5</SUP>D<SUB>0</SUB>→<SUP>7</SUP>F<SUB>1,2</SUB> transitions. The tungstate can be efficiently excited by UV and near-UV light and exhibits a bright orange luminescence. The luminescence mechanism was briefly discussed.