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철분 결핍성 빈혈이 어린이의 인지도 및 신경계 발달에 끼치는 영향
Walter, Thomas 대한영양사협회 1999 대한영양사협회 학술지 Vol.5 No.2
When iron deficiency anemia ensues during the first 2 years of life it has been associated with delayed psychomotor development and changes in behavior. These effects have been shown to persist after several months of iron therapy, despite complete correction of iron nutritional measures. Moreover, it is still uncertain whether or to what extent they are reversible after a extended period of observation, since the long term prospective follow-up studies reported to date, show the persistence of cognitive deficits at 5~6 and at 10 years of age in those who during infancy had anemia. The inherent difficulties of identifying intervening variables in the complex field of mental development, coupled in some cases with suboptimal design have prevented significant progress in the investigation of iron deficiency. However, two studies, one conducted in Costa Rica (Lozoff et al, 1987) and the other in Santiago, Chile (Walter, et al 1989), taking into careful consideration the potential pitfalls confirm conclusions arising from previous work. The Santiago study was performed in association with a field trial of fortified infant foods. One hundred ninety-six healthy, full-term infants were assessed with the Bayley scales of infant development(Bayley, 1969) at 12, 121/2 and 15 months of age. The Costa Rica study enrolled 191 12 to 23 month-old otherwise healthy infants with diverse iron status. The infants were divided into groups ranging from most to least iron deficient.
( Walter Enders ),( Raj Roy ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 1991 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.6 No.2
Using a two-country overlapping generations model, we analyze some of the tensions between developed and developing nations regarding international capital movements. The nature of the model is such that optimizing agents in the South have a high rate of time preference. Otherwise, the North and the South are alike in all resepects. The differential rate of time preference means that the South is likely to have a relatively low capital/labor ratio, wage rate, and level of per capita income but a relatively high interest rate in autarkic equilibrium. The introduction of international capital flows (intertemporal trade) will be welfare reducing for the current generation in the South even though it may increase the next generation`s (and steady state) utility. We discuss the international conflicts which arise with international capital movements and the intergenerational conflicts which arise within each nation.