敬堂 張興孝와 17세기 경북 북부지역 성리학에 관한 연구

장윤수(Jang Yun-su) 대한철학회 2006 哲學硏究 Vol.99 No.-

이 연구는 외적으로 敬堂 張興孝(1564~1633)의 삶과 사상을 중심으로 하여 17세기 경북 북부 지역 성리학의 특징을 해명하는 것이 주된 목표이다. 그리고 내적으로는 영남학파 특히 퇴계학파가 지닌 이론적 특징과 실천적 관심을 장흥효와 경북 북부지역의 성리학자들을 통해 확인해 보려는 것이다. 장흥효는 17세기 경북 북부지역 성리학계의 최대 학자이다. 그는 여러 면에서 퇴계학파의 중심에 있으며, 또한 그 자신이 직·간접적으로 퇴계학파의 형성에 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 그의 학문 관심은 이론 논변에만 머물지 않고 근본적으로 실천수양의 방면을 지향하였다. 그러나 종래 학계에서 장흥효에 관한 연구는 거의 이루어지지 않았다. 이 글에서는 퇴계학파의 이론적 標識를 염두에 두고 경당의 기본 성리이론과 실천적 삶의 특징을 그려보고자 한다. 경당의 성리이론에서 가장 주목되는 것은 體用論이다. 그는 體用의 구조로써 성리이론의 전모를 체계적으로 설명해 내고자 하였다. 그리고 경당은 인간과 만물을 理氣妙合의 존재로 보나, 퇴계와 마찬가지로 오직 인간만이 유일한 윤리적 존재일 수 있는 근거를 理에서 찾는다. 경당의 이러한 이론은 퇴계학파의 기본 이론을 이루는 標識 중 하나이다. 한편 경당은 성리학적 이론을 삶 속에 구체화하고 실현하기 위해서는 반드시 持敬의 삶을 살아가야 한다는 점을 강조하였다. 이러한 持敬論은 퇴계의 입장을 기본적으로 계승한 것이기는 하나, 경당에 이르러 더욱 구체적 삶의 모습으로 體現되며 이후 퇴계학파의 학자들에게서 공통적으로 찾아볼 수 있는 하나의 특징이 되었다. 이러한 점에서 경당은 퇴계학을 思辨的 이론뿐만 아니라 실천의 영역에서도 균형 있게 발전시켰다고 평가할 수 있다. 우리는 이 연구를 통해 종래 거의 주목받지 못했던 17세기 경북 북부지역의 성리학적 전통에 대한 새로운 이해의 계기가 마련되기를 기대하며, 특히 퇴계학파의 형성에 관한 이론적 토대가 보다 선명하게 그려질 수 있기 바란다. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Neo-Confucianism in northern Kyeong-Buk Province in the 17th century in terms of Jang-Heung-Hyo"s (1564∼1633) life as a scholar and his thoughts. This study also compares Jang-Heung-Hyo and other scholars with Toe-Gye School in terms of theoretical characteristics and practical concerns of Neo-Confucianism. Jang-Heung-Hyo was one of the most famous scholars of Neo-Confucianism in northern Kyeong-Buk Province through the 17th century. His concerns had not been limited to theoretical arguments. He also emphasized practical and moral cultivation of the human mind. His main concerns were Yi-Hak(理學), Gyeong-Ron(敬論) and Sim-Hak(心學). These concerns had led him to pursue a society in which those fields are realized through cultivation and practice. He could become a key person of Neo-Confucianism in the 17th century by educating young students in northern areas of Kyeong-Buk Province. The Neo-Confucian traditions in northern Kyeong-buk Province has not been shed a proper light. Hopefully, this study can lead to a better understanding of the Neo-Confucian traditions in north areas of Kyeong-buk and the spread of Toe-Gye School.

소무蘇武의 충절의식이 한국문화에 끼친 영향

장윤수(Jang, Yun-Su) 동양사회사상학회 2009 사회사상과 문화 Vol.19 No.-

한국과 중국은 가까운 거리에서 오랜 시간 문자를 같이해 왔고, 사상을 같이해 왔다. 그러므로 한국인과 중국인은 그 누구보다도 문화적 상근성相根性을 확보하고 있으며 서로를 잘 이해하고 있다. 비록 최근 한 세기 동안 두 나라에 불어 닥친 엄청난 변화들로 인해 두 나라의 문화가 상당 부분 이질성異質性을 띠기도 했지만, 두 나라 사람들이 갖고 있는 전통문화는 여전히 서로를 잘 이해할 수 있는 통로가 된다. 이 논문의 목적은 소무蘇武의 충절의식이 한국문화에 끼친 영향에 대해 고찰하는 것이다. 소무는 중국이 자랑하는 충절지사忠節之士일 뿐만 아니라 전통사회 한국인들이 존숭하던 삶의 모델이기도 하다. 소무가 보여 준 빛나는 충절과 역경을 이겨내는 인내심은 분명 오늘에 있어서도 상당한 의의를 가지며, 특히 한․중 두 나라 사람들에게는 서로를 좀 더 가깝게 이해할 수 있는 문화적 계제階梯가 될 수 있다. Korea and China use equal character and shared similar thoughts for a long time as the adjoined country. Therefore, Korean and a Chinese are having more cultural similarity, and understand well each other than anyone. There were a lot of changes in the two country during last one century, culture of the two country also changed much so. However, traditional culture of two country people is still important channel that understand each other. As well as Su-Wu is person of loyalty that the China is proud of, it is model of life that tradition society’s korean people respect. The Spirit of Loyalty of Su-Wu and endurance which overcome adversity gives us a lot of impression today. Specially, Su-Wu is bridge which Korea and China two country people make each other intimate.

敬堂日記를 통해서 본 張興孝 學團의 地形圖와 性理學的 思惟

장윤수(Jang Yun-su) 대한철학회 2008 哲學硏究 Vol.107 No.-

이 연구는 敬堂 張興孝(1564~1633)의 日記(敬堂日記)를 통해 장홍효 자신의 삶과 사상을 해명하고, 그리고 장홍효 學團이 중심이 된 17세기 경북 북부지역 성리학계의 地形圖를 그려내고 그 성리학적 문제의식과 이론적 특징을 재구성해보는 것이 주된 목표이다.’장홍효는 17세기 경북 북부지역 성리학계의 최대 학자이다. 그는 여러 면에서 퇴계학파의 중심에 있으며, 또한 그 자신이 직·간접적으로 퇴계학파의 형성에 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 그의 학문 관심은 이론 논변에만 머물지 않고 근본적으로 실천수양의 방면을 지향하였다.’退溪學脈의 중심에 있는 장홍효는 退溪의 경우처럼 칠십 평생을 持敬의 삶으로 일관했다. 그리고 자신의 삶을 돌아보고 추스르는 일환으로 日記를 썼는데, 成人이 된 이후 거의 평생을 써갔다. 그의 日記는 무엇보다 자신의 수양과정을 기록해나간 工夫錄이라는 점이 특색이며, 門下生들과의 학업과정도 충실하게 기록해두고 있어서 17세기 경북 북부지역 성리학계의 동향을 파악하는 데 대단히 귀중한 자료이다.’종래 학계에서 장홍효에 관한 연구는 거의 이루어지지 않았다. 필자는 이 연구를 통해 종래 거의 주목받지 못했던 장홍효의 성리사상 뿐만 아니라, 17세기 경북 북부 지역의 성리학적 전통에 대한 이해를 도모해 보고자 하였다. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Gyeong-Dang-Diary and Neo-Confucian in the District of Kyeong-Buk North in the 17th Century. Jang-Heung-Hyo(1564~1633) was one of the most famous scholars of Neo-Confucianism in northern Kyeong-Buk Province through the 17th century. His concerns had not been limited to theoretical arguments. He also emphasized practical and moral cultivation of the human mind. These concerns had led him to pursue a society in which those fields are realized through cultivation and practice. He could become a key person of Neo-Confucianism in the 17th century by educating young students in northern areas of Kyeong-Buk Province. Jang-Heung-Hyo kept a diary to reflect on own life. After he became a adult, he wrote a diary almost all life. He accounted for class process faithfully with disciples in a diary. First of all, his diary is study journal that account for own moral culture process. Therefore, His diary is a very important literature to understand the Neo-Confucian in the District of Kyeong-Buk North in the 17th Century. Hopefully, this study can lead to a better understanding of the Neo-Confucian traditions in north areas of Kyeong-Buk and the spread of Toe-Gye School.

石灰石 添加에 따른 二酸化黃 除去率 向上

김영수,박진식,장성호,장부규,서정민,김장호 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1996 硏究報告 Vol.19 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the performance enhancement of forced oxidation operation on the limestone utilization and SO₂ removal efficiency of the pilot flue gas desulfurization system. The results are as follows : 1. The results of the forced oxidation tests have shown that converting from natural to forced oxidation operation can have a significant effect on both limestone utilization and SO₂ removal efficiency of an FGD system. Conversely, if the limestone utilization is maintained at a constant level, the SO₂ removal efficiency will increase. Conversely, if the pH is held constant, the limestone utilization will increase significantly. 2. This characteristic of a forced oxidation system can translate into lower L/G requirements and, therefore, reduced capital and operating costs for slurry recycle pumps. 3. Forced oxidation operation will provide improved limestone utilization and, therefore. reduced limestone reagent costs.

대상포진에 대한 한방 단독 치료 치험 2례

배재룡(Jae Ryong Bae),김수진(Su Jin Kim),장상철(Sang Chul Jang),필감매(Chien Mei Pi),노주희(Ju Hee Roh) 대한의료기공학회 2016 醫療氣功 Vol.16 No.1

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report a 67-year-old male patient with Herpes zoster(caseⅠ) and a 38-year-old female patient with Herpes zoster(caseⅡ), whose symptoms were relieved after Korean medicine treatment alone. Methods : Both patients took Yeonryeonggobondan and Pyungwee-san daily. Everytime they came to the hospital, they received acupuncture treatment, Hwidam's Su-Gi therapy and External Gigong Therapy. Acupuncture was applied by gall bladder seunggyeok(膽勝格, GB-), spleen jeonggyeok(脾正格, SP+), large intestine seunggyeok(大腸勝格, LI-) of Saam's Acupuncture Method. Hwidam's Su-Gi therapy was applied on neck. External Gigong Therapy was applied on skin lesion area. the patients' symptoms were evaluated with photographs and VAS. Results : The results were as follows: 1. In the case of a 67-year-old male patient, it took 14 days to recover the skin lesions and to reduce the pain after treatment started. And he visited 13 times during that period. 2. In the case of a 38-year-old female patient, it took 23 days to recover the skin lesions to reduce and the pain after treatment started. And she visited 10 times during that period. 3. Intensive treatment early in treating herpes zoster helped to shorten the treatment period. 4. Taking Yeonryeonggobondan and Pyungwee-san and receiving acupuncture treatment(SP+) can help to improve immunity and recover skin lesions in herpes zoster diagnosed with spleen deficiency with dampness encumbrance(脾虛濕困) and blood stasis due to qi stagnation(氣滯血瘀). 5. The combination of acupuncture treatment(GB-) and External Gigong Therapy was effective in controlling pain. 6. External Gigong Therapy is considered to be effective for the recovery of the skin as well as the pain of the herpes zoster. Conclusions : Korean medicine treatment alone has a great effect on the above two patients with herpes zoster. I hope the active research about Korean medicine treatment will be done not only for herpes zoster but also for various intractable pain diseases.

점액표피종 : 증례보고

장현선,김수관 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2001 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.23 No.3

Mucoepidermid tumors are usually indistinquishable from benign tumors clinically, and accounts for approximately 6% to 8% of all salivary gland tumors. Although rare in children, it is the most common "malignant" salivary gland tumor, haying been reported in major and minor (intraortal) salivary gland sites as well as in the maxilla and the mandible. In children, as in adults, it most often occurs in the parotid gland, but a significant percentage is found in the palate. Presently, there is no unanimity of opinion about whether to consider all mucoepidermoid tumors malignant or what the most appropriate treatment regimen is. The importance of submitting, for microscopic diagnosis, all tissue removed during surgical procedure is illustrated in this case report and a review of the literature is presented.

electron-electron, phonon-electron의 상호작용으로 인한 phonon의 진동수 변환에 대한 연구

張光秀 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1986 基礎科學硏究 Vol.6 No.-

시간지연 Green functien, 온도 Green functien 그리고 그것을 Fourier transformation 하여 간단한 물리적인 뜻과 그 응용을 설명하고 phonon이 phonon-electron interaction과 electron-electron interaction으로 screen됨으로해서 phonon의 진동수가 변화되는 것을 연구하였다. electron-electron interaction은 coulomb 상호작용을 Hartree-Fock methode를 적용하였으며 이러한 screen model을 Feynman diagram에 대응시키고 Dyson equation 으로서 고차까지 총합하여 그 model에 대응하는 Green function을 기술하고 함수론 Cauchy의 유수정리를 적용하여 복소공간의 積分路를 결정하고 그것을 積分하여 나온 결론을 얻고 그 극을 구함으로서 screen전에 phonon의 진동수가 설정한 model적인 screen으로 인하여 변화된 phonon의 진동수를 계산하였다. The Phonon frequency will be variable by the phonon-electron and electron-electron interactions interactions. The electron-electron interaction is calculated with coulomb potential by the Harttee-Fock method with the elchange energy. The model of interactions is pictured by Feynman diagram and calculated by Green function with Dyson equation Green function.

치아종의 임상적, 방사선학적, 조직병리학적 분석

장현선,김수관 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2001 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.23 No.4

An odontoma is a slow growing and nonaggressive odontogenic tumor composed of enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp tissue. The etiology of odontomas is unknown, although local trauma, infection, and genetic factors have been suggested. Odontomas are classified as compound odontoma or complex. A 20-year retrospective study was performed on 36 odontomas from the files of the Department of Oral Pathology at Chosun University School of Dentistry. Fifty-six percent of the patients were compound odontoma and 44% were complex odontoma. 56 percent of the patients were female and 44% were male. The odontoma is most often diagnosed in the second decade of life, during routine radiographic examination. The usual presenting symptoms are an impacted or and unerupted tooth, a retained primary tooth. Other less frequent signs and symptoms are pain, swelling, suppuration, foul odor, tooth mobility. In our patients were treated by enucleation of the tumor, and related teeth were treated by surgical extraction or ortho-dontically assisted eruption.

적외선 센서를 사용한 가상 키보드의 구현

장수호,황환규 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2009 産業技術硏究 Vol.29 No.A

In this paper, we implement a virtual keyboard using infrared distance sensor. A virtual keyboard allows a user to enter characters by selecting keyboard layouts with sensing areas. By projecting infrared light on any flat surface and detection devices we can sense the user's input characters. Unlike a conventional physical keyboard, the virtual keyboard provides convenience in terms of mobility, portability, and space savings.

최서해 소설과 조선 자연주의

장수익 한국문학언어학회 2003 어문론총 Vol.38 No.-

This thesis aims to investigate the relationship of Seo-Hae Choi's and Chosen Naturalism. Generally Seo-Hae Choi's novels are considered as 'New-tendency novel', but they also have characteristics of Chosen Naturalism such as objective description, pessimistic determinism, anti-ideality and the passive image of the people. But these characteristics of Chosen Naturalism were adapted their appearance in Choi's novels, so his novels showed strong antagonism to the abnormal regime of the colonial Chosen that rationalized for the strong(the rich) to prey upon the weak(the poor), and this antagonism is considered as the remarkable characteristic of New-tendency novel that is the former style of the orthodox tendency novel. Actually Choi's novels don't reach the higher level of class consciousness, but they represent horror of the poor who have the only way to the economic and mental downfall. But the important point of his novels is that they show a strong will of the poor to fight against the rich, so his novels frequently end with the killing, setting fire, rubbing and so on. It seems to be a matter of consequence that the another heroes of Choi's novels are the young men that have a dream to change the unequal world. These heroes leave home for the class struggle. Another contribution of Choi to the Korean novel history is that he drawed the voice of the lower classes into the domain of novel language in good earnest. Before his novels in Korean novel history, the inner voice of the lower classes didn't appear well by the form of direct speech. In conclusion, Chii's novels imply negativity to the irrational and unequal world. This is the decisive feature that his novels are different form Chosen Naturalism.