IgG Seroprevalence of COVID-19 among Individuals without a History of the Coronavirus Disease Infection in Daegu, Korea

Song Suk-Kyoon,이덕희,Nam Jun-Ho,Kim Kyung-Tae,Do Jung-Suk,Kang Dae-Won,김상경,조명래 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.29

Background: Seroprevalence studies of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from many countries have shown that the number of undiagnosed missing cases is much larger than that of confirmed cases, irrespective of seroprevalence levels. Considering the strategy of Korea entailing massive testing and contact tracing from the beginning of epidemic, the number of undiagnosed missing cases in Korea may be negligible. This study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of COVID-19 among individuals who were never diagnosed with COVID-19 in Daegu, the epicenter of COVID-19 epidemic in Korea. Methods: Serologic testing for immunoglobulin G antibody based on immunochromatographic assay was conducted in 103 patients and 95 guardians aged 18 to 82 years without any history of COVID-19 diagnosis, who visited outpatient clinics of a single university-affiliated hospital from May 25 to June 5, 2020. Results: The estimated seroprevalence was 7.6% (95% confidence interval, 4.3%–12.2%) with 15 positive cases. Among them, only one had a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed case among their close contacts and 13 did not experience COVID-19-related symptoms. Seroprevalence was similar between patients and guardians. Based on this figure, the number of undiagnosed missing cases in Daegu was estimated to be a dozen times more than the number of confirmed cases based on PCR testing. Conclusion: Despite the limitation of a small and unrepresentative sample, this is the first study on seroprevalence of COVID-19 in Korea. Our study suggested that the number of undiagnosed missing cases was substantial even with the stringent strategy adopted in Korea, similar to that of other countries.

슬관절 전치환술에서 출혈을 줄이기 위한 관절강 내 트라넥삼산 주사와 네비게이션 사용의 상승 효과

송석균(Suk-Kyoon Song),전충무(Chung-Mu Jun),최승철(Seung-Cheol Choi),최원기(Won-Kee Choi) 대한정형외과학회 2022 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.57 No.2

목적: 슬관절 전치환술 후 출혈과 수혈을 줄이기 위한 네비게이션(navigation)과 관절강 내 트라넥삼산(tranexamic acid) 주사의 상승 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 본원에서 2016년 1월부터 2020년 10월까지 한 명의 술자로부터 골관절염으로 일차성 슬관절 전치환술을 시행 받은 환자를 대상으로 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 고식적 슬관전 전치환술로 트라넥삼산 주사를 맞은 환자 군을 그룹 1 (58예), 네비게이션을 이용한 슬관절 전치환술을 받았지만 트라넥삼산 주사를 맞지 않은 군을 그룹 2 (30예), 그리고 네비게이션을 이용한 슬관절 전치환술로 트라넥삼산 주사를 맞은 환자 군을 그룹 3 (32예)으로 나누었다. 세 그룹의 수술 후 수혈의 빈도를 비교하였고, 수술 후 출혈량을 비교하기 위해 24시간 동안 배액관으로 배액된 양을 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 그룹 1은 5예(8.6%), 그룹 2는 9예(30%), 그룹 3은 3예(9.4%)의 환자에서 수혈을 했다. 그룹 간의 차이는 카이제곱 검정에서 통계학적으로 유의하게 나타났다(p=0.016). 수술 후 24시간 동안 배액관으로 배액된 양은 그룹 1에서 343.67±165.20 ml, 그룹 2에서 452.10±197.91 ml, 그리고 그룹 3에서 311.00±129.32 ml였다. 이 차이는 ANOVA에서 통계학적으로 유의하게 나타났다(p=0.003). 그룹 2는 그룹 1보다 수혈의 필요성이 3.71배 높게 나왔고, 그룹 3보다는 4.14배 높게 나왔다. 결론: 슬관절 전치환술에서 네비게이션과 트라넥삼산을 함께 사용하는 것은 수술 후 수혈의 필요성과 출혈량을 감소시키는 상승 효과는 없었다. 그리고 관절강 내 트라넥삼산 주사가 네비게이션에 비해 수술 후 수혈의 필요성과 출혈량을 감소시키는 효과가 더욱 높게 나타났다. Purpose: This study investigated the synergistic effects of an injection of tranexamic acid and using navigation to reduce the need for blood transfusion and postoperative bleeding after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Materials and Methods: Patients were divided into three groups and compared. Group 1 (58 cases) included those who had manual TKA with the injection of tranexamic acid in the joint. Group 2 (30 cases) was comprised of those who had navigated TKA without tranexamic acid. Group 3 (32 cases) consisted of patients who had navigated TKA with tranexamic acid. The frequency of transfusion after the operation was measured. To compare bleeding after surgery, drainage volume during 24 hours after surgery was compared and analyzed. Results: Group 1 had five cases of transfusion (8.6%), while there were 9 cases in group 2 (30%) and three cases in group 3 (9.4%). The Chi-squared test revealed a significant difference (p=0.016). An average of 343.67±165.20 ml, 452.10±197.91 ml, and 311.00±129.32 ml was drained in the 24 hours after surgery in groups 1, 2, and group 3, respectively. This difference was analyzed using ANOVA test, which showed a significant difference (p=0.003). The need for transfusion in group 2 was 3.71 times higher than that in group 1. The need for transfusion in group 2 was 4.14 times higher than that of group 3. Conclusion: The combination of navigation use and injection of tranexamic acid has no synergistic effect in reducing the need for blood transfusion and post TKA bleeding. In addition, an injection of tranexamic acid in the joint is more effective in reducing blood transfusions and blood loss after TKA than navigation.

소세포 폐암환자에서의 치료에 따른 뇌하수체 - 부신피질계의 변화

박석준(Suk Joon Park),이승헌(Seung Hun Lee),김양리(Yang Ree Kim),김영균(Young Kyoon Kim),송정섭(Jeong Sup Song),이광우(Kwang Woo Lee),박성학(Sung Hak Park) 대한내과학회 1992 대한내과학회지 Vol.43 No.3

N/A Background. Small cell carcinoma of the lung can produce many ectopic hormones, and most frequently ectopic ACTH. The change of the pituitary-adrenal axis is shown more frequently than the ectopic ACTH production, and its squential check reveals some prognostic significance. Methods. We evaluated the 13 patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung, who treated with combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The basal ACTH and cortisol, mid-night cortisol, and cortisol after ACTH stimulation were measured at each admission by RIA during 6-kur of chemotherapy. Results. 1) There were 5patients who lost the diurnal variation of serum cortisol. They were all responded to the scheduled treatment, partially or completely. At the same time they recovered from the loss of diurnal variation simultaneously with the therapeutic responses. 2) Non-responders to the ACTH stimulation were 6patients. 2patients among them showed abnormal response initially, but returned to normal response to the ACTH stimulation simultaneously with the response during treatment. Other 4patients showed normal response to the ACTH stimulation initially, but beacame to no response during treatment and finally turned out to normal Cortisol response. Conclusions. Thre are more changes in the pituitaryadrenal axis despite of normal ACTH and cortisol level, and these changes become normalized in almost all of the therapeutic responders.

이달의 엑스선 사진 : 기관(Trachea) 폐쇄를 일으킨 종물

이숙영 ( Suk Young Lee ),최영미 ( Young Mi Choi ),김치홍 ( Chi Hong Kim ),권순석 ( Soon Seog Koun ),김영균 ( Young Kyoon Kim ),김관형 ( Kwan Hyoung Kim ),문화식 ( Hwa Sik Moon ),송정섭 ( Jeong Sup Song ),박성학 ( Sung Hak Park 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 1994 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.41 No.2

기관지 천식의 기도과민 반응과 기관지폐포세척액 소견

이숙영(Suk Young Lee),송정섭(Jeong Sup Song),김영균(Young Kyoon Kim),김관형(Kwan Hyoung Kim),문화식(Hwa Sik Moon),박성학(Sung Hak Park) 대한내과학회 1995 대한내과학회지 Vol.48 No.2

N/A Objectives: Chronic asthma has a number of characteristic feature: the increased airway responsiveness and the development of bronchial inflammation. Although mechanism of airway inflammation in bronchial asthma is not clear, activated T cell has an important role in migration and activation of inflammatory cells through secretion of lymphokine. Oxygen radicals produced by air-space cells are is increased in symptomatic asthma in relation to clinical disease activity. With this background, we examined whether lymphocyte subsets and oxygen radicals released from alveolar macrophage are increased in asthmatic subjects compared with controls, and are correlated with degree of bronchial inflammation or bronchial hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic subject. Method: 22 stable asthmatics and 8 healthy controls were participated in this study and stable asthmatics were divided into 3 group according to PC20 for methacholine: mild, moderate, and severe. We performed flow-cytomatry analysis of lymphocytes obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and peripheral blood. The oxygen radicals released from alveolar macrophage was measured after either stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or non-stimulated states. Superoxide anion production were measured by spectrophotometeric assay using the principle of superoxide dismutase inhibitable cytochrome-C reduction. Total oxygen free radicals were measured by chemiluminescence using lucigenin. Results: 1) Total cell counts and composition of eosinophil significantly increased in patient with bronchial asthma compared with healthy controls (p<0.01). Of lymphocyte, composition of CD8+ cell significantly increased in patients with bronchial asthma (p<0.01). 2) There were no difference in composition of lymphocyte subset in peripheral blood between patients with bronchial asthma and controls (p>0.05). 3) The composition of CD4+ cell significantly increased in moderate and severe groups compared with mild group (p<0.05), whereas the composition of CD8+ cell were not different among 3 groups (p>0.05). 4) Superoxide anion and total oxygen radicals released from alveolar macrophage significantly increased in patients with bronchial asthma compared with controls (p<0.05). In moderate group, superoxide anion and total oxygen radicals released from alveolar macrophage was higher than controls when alveolar macrophage was stimulated with PMA (p<0.05). In severe group, they was higher than controls irrespective of PMA-stimulation (respectively, p<0.01, p<0.05). 5) There were correlation between superoxide anion released from alveolar macrophage after stimulation with PMA and composition of eosinophil in BAL fluid (p<0.05, r=0.47). Conclusion: This study incriminates a role for T cell (esp, CD4+, CD8+ cell) and reactive oxygen radicals released from alveolar macrophage in the development of bronchial asthma.

A study on frequency response of two-mass system for gyroscope applications

황영석(Young Suk Hwang),정형균(Hyoung Kyoon Jung),송은석(Eun Seok Song),백창욱(Chang Wook Baek),김용권(Yong Kweon Kim) 대한전기학회 2007 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2007 No.11

This paper describes frequency response of two-mass system for gyroscope applications. The two-mass system of the proposed device is adapted to the sensing part of the gyroscope in this research. Two-mass system has two resonant peaks and wide flat region between two resonant peaks. The resonant frequency of driving part is in this flat region. Therefore, frequency tuning is not necessary for mode matching. In the proposed device, resonant frequency is designed as 7183 ㎐ in driving part. Mass ratio of two masses in sensing part is 0.1 and device size is 6 ㎜ × 6 ㎜. The device is fabricated by SiOG process. The fabricated spring width is increased from 4 ㎛ to 4.5~4.7 ㎛, and the measured resonant frequency is 8392 ㎐ in driving mode. We operated the sensing part using parallel plate of proof mass to verify the sensing part. It is confirmed the device has a wide flat region in frequency response curve and the resonant frequency of the driving part is in the wide flat region of sensing mode.

Functional Analysis of a Gene Encoding Endoglucanase that Belongs to Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 12 from the Brown-Rot Basidiomycete Fomitopsis palustris

( Byeong Cheol Song ),( Ki Yeon Kim ),( Jeong Jun Yoon ),( Se Hoon Sim ),( Kang Seok Lee ),( Yeong Suk Kim ),( Young Kyoon Kim ),( Chang Jun Cha ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2008 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.18 No.3

노인 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료 프로그램이 노인의 신경인지기능과 우울 증상에 미치는 효과

유계준,송정은,오병훈,안석균,이홍식,오희철,구은형,황혜숙,이은철 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.5

노인에게 있어서 신경인지기능의 저하와 우울 증상은 가장 흔한 장애이며 신체적, 정신적인 면에 많은 영향을 미치고 있다. 또한 이러한 장애중 비임상군에서 심리사회적 치료개입의 효과가 보고되고 있다. 이러한 측면에서 지역사회에서 노인에게 제공되는 심리사회적 치료개입의 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 이전의 연구에서는 대상이 특정 집단이거나, 비교군이 없거나, 치료효과에 대한 추적 관찰이 이루어지지 않는 등의 제한점이 있었으며, 현재 국내의 노인 낮병원은 소수에 불과하고 이러한 낮병원의 치료효과에 대한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 지역사회 정신보건센터에서 운영하는 노인 낮병원에 참가하는 노인들을 대상으로 낮병원의 심리사회적 프로그램이 노인들의 신경인지기능과 우울 증상에 미치는 효과와 이에 대한 유지 효과의 유무를 알아보고자 하였다. 경기도 광주군 정신보건센터의 노인 낮병원에 참여한 노인을 치료군으로, 치료를 거부하거나 치료 중 탈락한 노인을 비교군으로 하여 10주간의 낮병원 치료전후와 치료종결 후 10주에 신경인지기능은 한국형 간이 정신상태검사(이하 MMSE-K)로, 우울 증상은 단축형노인우울척도(이하 SGDS)로 평가하여 두 군을 비교하였고 치료군의 치료 직후와 치료종결 후 10주를 비교하였다. 연구결과 노인 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료가 시간에 따른 SGDS점수 변화에 통계학적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, MMSE-K점수 변화에는 통계학적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 또한 10주 추시가 가능했던 치료군 중 약 43%가 10주 후 SGDS가 증가하여 호전되었던 우울증상의 악화를 보였다. 본 연구 결과 노인 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료 프로그램 개입은 노인에게 있어서 우울 증상을 호전시키며 신경인지 기능에는 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 상당수에서 심리사회적 치료 개입으로 인한 우울 증상의 호전이 유지되지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 이는 노인우울증상의 치료에 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료 프로그램이 효과적일 수 있음과 치료 후 이를 유지하기 위한 부가적인 치료개입의 필요성을 시사한다. Cognitive impairment and depression are the most common symptoms affecting the elderly on physical and mental states. Studies have shown that these symptoms in mild cases are improved by psychosocial intervention, emphasizing the importance of therapeutic intervention provided in the community. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the psychosocial program at a geriatric day care service has any therapeutic effect on the cognitive function and depressive symptoms in the elderly and whether such effect can be maintained. The experimental group was composed of 37 elderly patients attending the day care service at the mental health center located in Kwangju county, Kyonggi province. The control group was composed of 22 elderly patients who either refused intervention or who dropped out of the program. Cognitive function was assessed with the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Exam(MMSE-K), and depressive symptoms were assessed with the Short-form Geriatric Depression Scale(SGDS). The experimental group and the control group were compared on the score of on each test, which was administered before and after the program and 10 weeks after discontinuation of program. In the experimental group, the scores acquired immediately after the program and at 10 weeks of follow-up were also compared. The results showed that psychosocial intervention at a geriatric day care service was significantly associated with the change in SGDS scores dependent on time but not significantly associated with the change in MMSE-K scores. In the experimental group whose follow-up assessment was possible, it was further shown that 43% of patients had increased SGDS scores 10 weeks after the program ended, indicating that depressive symptoms had worsened. This study suggests that psychosocial therapeutic intervention in the geriatric day care service improve depressive symptoms but not cognitive functions in the elderly. In addition, for a considerable percentage of subjects in the experimental group, the improvements in depressive symptoms were not sustained after the intervention was withdrawn. These findings proposes a need of strengthening therapeutic intervention to maintain such effect.

급성거핵아구성 백혈병으로 진행된 만성 골수성 백혈병

박상균,전동석,김경례,권기영,송홍석,손수호 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1992 계명의대학술지 Vol.11 No.2

Blast crisis is the common terminal event in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). In the majority of cases, the predominant immature cells in the blood and bone marrow are either of myeloid or lymphoid origin. Less frequently transformations involve the erythroid or megakaryocytic cell lines. We experienced a case of 37-year-old man with Ph' -negative CML who developed a blastic transformation in which the predominant cell type was megakaryoblasts. He diagnosed as CML 8 months ago, thereafter he received irregular treatment only. When admission, he complained nasal bleeding and general weakness, and diagnosed under impression of blast crisis by morphologic and cytochemical study. After multiple chemotherapy, blast crisis was improved, but not resolved, and the blast crisis developed again 2 months later after admssion. At that time, seventy-nine percent megakaryoblasts were present at perpheral blood and we used immunoperoxidase stain for platelet specific antibody (Glycoprotein Ⅲa). The stain was positive, and we could confirm acute megakaryoblastic crisis of CML.

머리뼈 계측값을 이용한 한국인 머리뼈의 비대칭성 연구

김이석,정민석,박대균,송우철,고기석 대한췌담도연구회 2000 대한췌담도연구회지 Vol.5 No.3