Neonatal sepsis-causing bacterial pathogens and outcome of trends of their antimicrobial susceptibility a 20-year period at a neonatal intensive care unit

Song Woo Sun,Park Hye Won,Oh Moon Youn,Jo Jae Young,Kim Chae Young,Lee Jung Ju,Jung Euiseok,Lee Byong Sop,Kim Ki-Soo,Kim Ellen Ai-Rhan 대한소아청소년과학회 2022 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.65 No.7

Background: Due to increases in the number of infants born with younger gestational age (GA) and lower birth weight, the incidence of neonatal sepsis is increasing. We investigated the changes in the prevalence of bacterial pathogens, their antimicrobial susceptibility, and sepsis-related mortality during 20 years at a neonatal intensive care unit.Purpose: We investigated the changes in the prevalence of bacterial pathogens, their antimicrobial susceptibility, and sepsis-related mortality during 20 years at a neonatal intensive care unit.Methods: The study period was divided into two 10-year phases (1998–2007 vs. 2008–2017). Medical records were reviewed to gather data on demographics, causative microbial pathogens, incidence of multidrug-resistant organisms, antimicrobial susceptibility, and rates of sepsis-related mortality.Results: In both study phases, the most common pathogens for neonatal sepsis were coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococcus</i> (CoNS) (28.6%) and <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> (16.1%) for early-onset sepsis (EOS, ≤72 hours after birth) and CoNS (54.7%) and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (12.9%) for late-onset sepsis (LOS, >72 hours after birth). CoNS and <i>S. aureus</i> showed 100% sensitivity to vancomycin in both phases. The susceptibility of <i>S. aureus</i> to oxacillin increased from 19.2% to 57.9% in phase II than phase I. <i>K. pneumonia</i> and <i>E. cloacae</i> showed increases in its susceptibility to gentamicin, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone in phase II than phase I. In both phases, the most common pathogens that caused sepsis-related death were <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (18.2%) and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (13.6%). Sepsis-related mortality rate was higher in infants with GA <37 weeks than those with GA over 37 weeks (<i>P</i>=0.016). In addition, the mortality rate of neonatal sepsis caused by gram-negative bacteria was significantly higher than that caused by gram-positive bacteria (<i>P</i><0.001).Conclusions: CoNS was the most common pathogen for EOS and LOS. While we found significant changes in antimicrobial sensitivities over time. GA below 37 weeks and gram-negative organisms are associated with mortality rate.

CNT-PDMS Composite Thin-Film Transmitters for Highly Efficient Photoacoustic Energy Conversion

Ju Ho Song,Jeongmin Heo,Hyoung Won Baac 한국진공학회 2016 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2016 No.2

Clean Fired-Power Plant Fuel Technology using the Waste Biomass

( Ju-hyoung Park ),( Gyu-seob Song ),( Jong Won Choi ),( Kwang Ho Song ),( Young-chan Choi ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 ISSE 초록집 Vol.2019 No.-

Nowadays, it is widely recognized that waste biomass combustion processes can contribute to the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, and thus, these processes have become a viable option as an alternative energy source for the power industry. Among various waste biomasses, the herbaceous biomass is regarded as an abundant and relatively inexpensive fuel. However, it contains high ashes (especially high levels of alkali metals such as potassium and sodium et al.), leading to operation troubles such as slagging and fouling inside a heat exchanger or deterioration in efficiency. In this study, we proposed an acetic-acidbased pretreatment method to extract the alkali minerals inside herbaceous biomass and investigated the effect of treatment parameters such as concentration, temperature, and residence time. The optimal pretreatment conditions for the maximum ash rejection were found to be 1.76 in pH, 60 °C in temperature and 10 min in residence time, at which the hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin losses were minimized. Seven different waste biomasses were investigated to validate the effects of method. The Kenaf shows the total mineral rejection of 93.48%. In particular, the potassium and sodium elements in the Kenaf, which are major factors influencing fouling and slagging in a boiler, were removed up to 99.46 and 100%, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed wet treatment was more effective for waste biomass with higher surface areas.

Cyclopia in association with 13 Trisomy

( Won Sun Lee ),( Kyung Ju Song ),( Young Ho Koh ),( Byung Hee Suh ) 대한산부인과학회 1995 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.76 No.-

Survey of scrub typhus vectors at epidemic regions in Jeollabuk-Do, Korea 2016

Won Il Park,Jong Yul Roh,Bong Gu Song,Seong Yun Kim,Hyung-Woo Lim,Hak Seon Lee,Wook-Gyo Lee,Kyu-sik Chang,Young Ran Ju,E-hyun Shin 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.10

A surveillance of chigger mites was performed to monitor the incidence of scrub typhus vectors at 5 environmental collection points of 3 locations (Muju, Namwon and Gimge) from April 2016 in Jeollabuk-Do, Korea. During the surveillance period, 3,292 chigger mites were collected and the predominant species were Leptotrombidium pallidum (42.9%). The high environmental collecting rates were recorded at reservoir bank (31.6%) and grassfield (29.7%). We detected Orientia tsutsugamushi from the samples collected in Jeollabuk-Do using nested polymerase chain reaction. The specific DNA of O. tsutsugamushi were detected in 11 pools among total 119 pools and its minimum positive rate was 0.35%. In order to clarify the relationship between chigger mites and scrub typhus cases, further survey will be needed.

Antimicrobial Activity and Characterization of Volatile Flavor EXtracts from Agastache rugosa

Song, Jong-Ho,Kim, Min-Ju,Kwon, Kyuk-Dong,Lee, Won-Koo,Park, In-Ho The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 1999 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.4 No.2

Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of volatile flavor extracts from Agastache rugosa were investigated. The volatile flavor extracts were obtained from leaves and stems of Agastache rugosa by simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) method. Antimicrobial activity was investigated by disc diffusion and broth dilution methods against several microorganisms of Bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Corynebacterium xerosis, Staphylo coccus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Agrobacterium rhizogenes , Agrobacterium tumefaciences, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Candida utilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Volatile flavor extractsfrom leaves have strong antimicrobial activity against C.utilis and S.cerevisiae. When 0.12% volatile flavor extracts from fresh leaves were included in the medium, lag phase of C. utilis was extended 6 hr and that of S.utilis and S.cerevisiae was extended 2hr. Further analyses were performed to elucidatethe effective component of the extracts. The major component of volatile flavor was estragole, a phenolic compound. Minor components were determined to be terpenes , alcohols, acids , esters, ketones and aldethydes.

A Safety and Feasibility of Laparoscopic Left Side Liver Resection

( Ju Ik Moon ),( In Seok Choi ),( Jung Seok Lee ),( Sang Eok Lee ),( Nak Song Sung,),( Si Min Park ),( Dae Sung Yoon ),( Won Jun Choi ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Laparoscopic liver resection has become an alternative method for managing various liver tumors in the worldwide. However, the safety of laparoscopic liver resection still remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate feasibility and a safety of laparoscopic left side liver resection based on 60 cases of laparoscopic liver resections in a single center. Methods: Between Jan. 2005 and Sept. 2016, 60 patients underwent laparoscopic left side liver resections at Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea. The following characteristics and results were retrospectively evaluated through the medical records. Results: A total of 60 cases were included in this study. The mean age of patients was 61.3 ± 11.0 years. The operations were performed left hemihepatectomy (LH) (n = 33, 55.0%), left lateral sectionectomy (LLS) (n = 27, 45.0%). During the follow periods left hemihepatectomy and left lateral sectionectomy were performed for IHD Stone (n = 37), HCC (n = 9), metastasis (n = 5), cholangiocarcinoma (n = 5), biliary cystadenoma (n = 2), hemangioma (n = 1) and angiomyolipoma (n = 1). Operative time was 318.4 ± 118.9 min and 217.5 ± 85.8 min in LH and LLS. A tendency of gradually decreased transecting time was observed in the left hemihepatectomy (R2 = 0.295; p < 0.001). There was no conversion to open surgery and no mortality. Complications occurred in the 6 (10.0 %) patients during the follow periods. Conclusions: According to our results, laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy and left lateral sectionectomy are safe and feasible procedures. We believe that laparoscopic left side liver resection has become the standard method for managing various liver tumors and diseases.

Collagen-apatite nanocomposite membranes for guided bone regeneration

Song, Ju-Ha,Kim, Hyoun-Ee,Kim, Hae-Won Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2007 Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Vol. No.

<P>Collagen-apatite nanocomposite is regarded as a potential biomaterial because of its composition and structure, which are similar to those of human hard tissues. However, there have been few investigations of its mechanical and biological benefits in direct comparison with a collagen equivalent. Herein, we successfully produced a biomedical membrane made of a nanocomposite, and systemically evaluated the mechanical, chemical, and biological properties of the nanocomposite in comparison with those of pure collagen. The results showed that significant improvements were achieved by the nanocomposite approach, particularly in terms of the mechanical strength and chemical stability. The present findings point to the potential usefulness of the collagen-apatite nanocomposite membrane in the field of guided bone regeneration (GBR). © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007</P>

Effects of core characters and veneering technique on biaxial flexural strength in porcelain fused to metal and porcelain veneered zirconia

Ju-Won Oh,Kwang-Yeob Song,Seung-Geun Ahn,Ju-Mi Park,Min-Ho Lee,Jae-Min Seo 대한치과보철학회 2015 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.7 No.5

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of the core materials, thickness and fabrication methods of veneering porcelain on prosthesis fracture in the porcelain fused to metal and the porcelain veneered zirconia. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Forty nickel-chrome alloy cores and 40 zirconia cores were made. Half of each core group was 0.5 mm-in thickness and the other half was 1.0 mm-in thickness. Thus, there were four groups with 20 cores/group. Each group was divided into two subgroups with two different veneering methods (conventional powder/liquid layering technique and the heat-pressing technique). Tensile strength was measured using the biaxial flexural strength test based on the ISO standard 6872:2008 and Weibull analysis was conducted. Factors influencing fracture strength were analyzed through three-way ANOVA (α≤.05) and the influence of core thickness and veneering method in each core materials was assessed using two-way ANOVA (α≤.05). RESULTS. The biaxial flexural strength test showed that the fabrication method of veneering porcelain has the largest impact on the fracture strength followed by the core thickness and the core material. In the metal groups, both the core thickness and the fabrication method of the veneering porcelain significantly influenced on the fracture strength, while only the fabrication method affected the fracture strength in the zirconia groups. CONCLUSION. The fabrication method is more influential to the strength of a prosthesis compared to the core character determined by material and thickness of the core.

데드리프트와 업라이트로우 시 운동강도에 따른 근활성도 평가

( Won Jun Cho ),( Ju Won Song ),( Myung Soo Choi ),( Nam Yim Kim ),( Ryong Kim ),( Chang Min Lee ),( Jae Heon Hong ),( Gun Woo Kang ),( Young Jin Moon ) 한국운동역학회 2021 한국운동역학회지 Vol.31 No.4

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate 16 muscles activity according to three exercise intensity when performing Deadlift and Upright row. Method: To accomplish the purpose of the study, subjects (n=10) were performed Electromyography (EMG) measurement for 16 different muscles. The experimental movements were Deadlift and Upright row, measured five times for each intensity (40%, 60%, 80%) of 1RM. This study normalized the EMG values through RVC for comparative analysis. Results: The results were summarized as follows: As a result of Deadlift, there was significant difference in the mean EMG value according to the exercise intensity in all muscles except RA, PM and BB (p<.05). As a result of Upright row, There was significant difference in the mean EMG value according to the exercise intensity in all muscles except BF, TA, GN, RA and UT (p<.05). Conclusion: This study allowed us to know the activities of major muscles according to the exercise intensity for 16 different muscles when performing Deadlift and Upright row.