A 10- or 14-day Bismuth-containing Quadruple Therapy as a First-line Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Sung Eun Kim,정혜경,Seung Joo Kang,이용찬,Hyo-Joon Yang,Seon-Young Park,Cheol Min Shin,임현철,김지현,Su Youn Nam,Woon Geon Shin,Jae Myung Park,Il Ju Choi,김재규,Miyoung Choi,Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper 대한상부위장관ㆍ헬리코박터학회 2021 Korean Journal of Helicobacter Upper Gastrointesti Vol.21 No.1

Background/Aims: The eradication rate of the first-line standard triple therapy (STT) for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has decreased since 2000; therefore, other first-line therapies are required. This study was aimed at investigating the efficacy of bismuth- containing quadruple therapy (PBMT) for first-line H. pylori eradication compared to STT, sequential therapy (SQT), and concomitant therapy (CT). Materials and Methods: The Ovid-MEDLINE, Koreamed, EMBASE, KMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from January 2008 to July 2018. All identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing PBMT and non-PBMT for first-line H. pylori eradication therapy were included in the final analysis. Results: A total of 3,653 patients from seven RCTs were enrolled. The pooled eradication rates of PBMT by intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses were 82.1% (95% CI, 68.2~90.8%) and 88.8% (95% CI, 77.1~94.9%), respectively. However, no statistically significant difference was observed in eradication rates of the 10- or 14-day PBMT as compared to 14-day STT, 10-day SQT, and 10-day CT in ITT and PP analyses. PBMT was significantly higher in adverse events than in the other eradication regimens (RR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.11~2.44). Considerable heterogeneity in adverse events was observed among studies (χ2=88.7; P<0.001, I2=93%). Conclusions: PBMT can be the first-line treatment for H. pylori eradication in Korea when other first-line options, including STT, SQT, or CT, are unavailable due to their high adverse event rates.

Comparison of Therapeutic Efficacy of Gefitinib and Erlotinib in Patients with Squamous Cell Lung Cancer

Shin, Hong-Joon,Kim, Tae-Ok,Kang, Hyun-Wook,Chi, Su-Young,Ban, Hee-Jung,Kim, Soo-Ok,Kwon, Yong-Soo,Oh, In-Jae,Kim, Kyu-Sik,Kim, Yu-Il,Lim, Sung-Chul,Kim, Young-Chul The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2011 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.71 No.1

Background: Gefitinib and erlotinib are useful, molecular targeted agents in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who failed previous chemotherapy. We compared the efficacy and toxicity of two drugs in patients with squamous cell lung cancer, most of whom are male smokers. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical information on patients with NSCLC who were treated with gefitinib or erlotinib treatment at Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital between July 2002 and November 2009. The overall response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared between the two drugs. Results: A total of 182 (100 gefitinib vs. 82 erlotinib) of 584 patients treated by targeted agents had squamous histology. Of the 182 patients, 167 (91.7%) were male and 159 (87.4%) were smokers. The ORR and disease control rate (DCR) were 4.9% and 40.6%, and there was no significant difference between gefitinib and erlotinib (ORR, 5.0% vs 4.8%; p=0.970; DCR, 40.0% vs 41.4%; p=0.439). The median OS in the gefitinib group was 12.1 months, and that in the erlotinib was 12.7 months (hazard ratio [HR], 1.282; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.771~2.134; p=0.339). The median PFS for the gefitinib group was 1.40 months, compared with 1.37 months for the erlotinib group (HR, 1.092; 95% CI, 0.809~1.474; p=0.564). Skin rash ${\geq}$grade 3 was more common in erlotinib (12.2%) than gefitinib (1.0%, p=0.003) groups. Conclusion: This retrospective study showed that the two drugs appear to have similar antitumor efficacy and toxicity except for skin rash.

Nonisotropic Propagation of Light in Human Forearm

Sang-Hyun Park,Chuho Choi,윤길원,Hak-Soo Shin,Joon-Mo Yang,Kwang-Sup Soh,Sun Mi Choi,Yeonhee Ryu 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.48 No.II

Light propagation in the skin of the human forearm was investigated in vivo and in situ. In this study, a sensitive photomultiplier tube with a spectral range of 300 650 nm was used to detect the extremely weak light that is propagated in skin from 17 mm up to 33 mm. We devised a control system that enabled us to guide the optical fibers so that the input and the detection could be exactly located on the skin in complete darkness. We obtained an effective attenuation coefficient whose values were 0.21 ± 0.03 cm.1 and 0.28 ± 0.06 cm.1 in the longitudinal and the transversal directions, respectively, over a long distance ( 17 mm). Those value were much smaller than the previously known value of 2.7 3.3 cm.1 for a short distance ( 2 mm). In addition, we found that light propagated better longitudinally than transverse, which contrasted with the isotropic propagation at short distances. These results might have significance for phototherapy. Light propagation in the skin of the human forearm was investigated in vivo and in situ. In this study, a sensitive photomultiplier tube with a spectral range of 300 650 nm was used to detect the extremely weak light that is propagated in skin from 17 mm up to 33 mm. We devised a control system that enabled us to guide the optical fibers so that the input and the detection could be exactly located on the skin in complete darkness. We obtained an effective attenuation coefficient whose values were 0.21 ± 0.03 cm.1 and 0.28 ± 0.06 cm.1 in the longitudinal and the transversal directions, respectively, over a long distance ( 17 mm). Those value were much smaller than the previously known value of 2.7 3.3 cm.1 for a short distance ( 2 mm). In addition, we found that light propagated better longitudinally than transverse, which contrasted with the isotropic propagation at short distances. These results might have significance for phototherapy.

Poster Presentation : Mammary Cribriform Carcinoma in a Dog

Sang Hyub Kim,Jin Kyu Park,Il Hwa Hong,Mi Ran Ki,Ae Ri Ji,Sun Young Han,Ji Hoon Kwak,Chang Woo Min,Seung Yeob Lee,Jun Tae Kim,Hye Lyong Cho,Hyun Joon Shin,Kyu Shik Jeong 한국수의병리학회 2009 학술대회 Vol.13 No.-

COVID-19 Vaccination Alters NK Cell Dynamics and Transiently Reduces HBsAg Titers Among Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B

Shin Hyunjae,Lee Ha Seok,Noh Ji Yun,고준영,Kim So-Young,Park Jeayeon,Chung Sung Won,Hur Moon Haeng,Park Min Kyung,Lee Yun Bin,Kim Yoon Jun,Yoon Jung-Hwan,Ko Jae-Hoon,Peck Kyong Ran,Song Joon Young,Shin E 대한면역학회 2023 Immune Network Vol.23 No.5

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination may non-specifically alter the host immune system. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on hepatitis B surface Ag (HBsAg) titer and host immunity in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Consecutive 2,797 CHB patients who had serial HBsAg measurements during antiviral treatment were included in this study. Changes in the HBsAg levels after COVID-19 vaccination were analyzed. The dynamics of NK cells following COVID-19 vaccination were also examined using serial blood samples collected prospectively from 25 healthy volunteers. Vaccinated CHB patients (n=2,329) had significantly lower HBsAg levels 1–30 days post-vaccination compared to baseline (median, −21.4 IU/ml from baseline), but the levels reverted to baseline by 91–180 days (median, −3.8 IU/ml). The velocity of the HBsAg decline was transiently accelerated within 30 days after vaccination (median velocity: −0.06, −0.39, and −0.04 log10 IU/ml/year in pre-vaccination period, days 1–30, and days 31–90, respectively). In contrast, unvaccinated patients (n=468) had no change in HBsAg levels. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the frequency of NK cells expressing NKG2A, an NK inhibitory receptor, significantly decreased within 7 days after the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine (median, −13.1% from baseline; p<0.001). The decrease in the frequency of NKG2A+ NK cells was observed in the CD56dimCD16+ NK cell population regardless of type of COVID-19 vaccine. COVID-19 vaccination leads to a rapid, transient decline in HBsAg titer and a decrease in the frequency of NKG2A+ NK cells.

In-Flight Transmission of Novel Influenza A (H1N1)

Joon Hyung Kim,Dong-Han Lee,Sang-Sook Shin,Chun Kang,Jin Seok Kim,Byung Yool Jun,Jong-Koo Lee 한국역학회 2010 Epidemiology and Health Vol.32 No.-

The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention confirmed two patients, who had taken the same plane from Los Angeles to Seoul, with novel influenza A (H1N1). Through contact tracing, we concluded that the second patient was infected during the flight.

Antimicrobial Activities of Volatile Essential Oils from Korean Aromatic Plants

Shin, Kuk-Hyun,Chi, Hyung-Joon,Lim, Soon-Sung,Cho, Seon-Haeng,Moon, Hyung-In,Yu, Jae-Hyeun The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy 1997 Natural Product Sciences Vol.3 No.2

Volatile essential oils obtained by steam distillation from 55 plant parts of 42 species of representative aromatic plants newly collected in Korean peninsula have been evaluated for antimicrobial activity against 5 microorganisms. The essential oils derived from 15 plant parts and 9 plant parts were found to exhibit very strong antimicrobial activities by more than 95% inhibition at 100 ${\mu}g/ml$ against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. Essential oil components such as l-limonene, ${\beta}-myrcene$, linalool, ${\gamma}-terpinene$, ${\alpha},{\beta}-phellandrene$, 1,8-cineole, l-borneol and bornylacetate, as a whole, have primarily contributed to the manifestation of the antimicrobial activity.

Effects of Minor Ginsenosides, Ginsenoside Metabolites, and Ginsenoside Epimers on the Growth of Caenorhabditis elegans

Joon-Hee Lee,Ji-Yun Ahn,Tae-Joon Shin,Sun-Hye Choi,Byung-Hwan Lee,Sung-Hee Hwang,Jiyeon Kang,Hyeon-Joong Kim,Chan-Woo Park,Seung-Yeol Nah 고려인삼학회 2011 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.35 No.3

In the previous report, we have demonstrated that ginsenoside Rc, one of major ginsenosides, is a major component for the restoration for normal growth of worms in cholesterol-deprived medium. In the present study, we further investigated the roles of minor ginsenosides, such as ginsenoside Rh₁ and Rh₂, ginsenoside metabolites such as compound K (CK), protopanaxadiol (PPD), and protopanaxatriol (PPT) and ginsenoside epimers such as 20(R)-and 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg₃ in cholesterol-deprived medium. We found that ginsenoside Rh₁ almost restored normal growth of worms in cholesterol-deprived medium in F1 generation. However, supplement of ginsenoside Rh2 caused a suppression of worm growths in cholesterol-deprived medium. In addition, CK and PPD also slightly restored normal growth of worms in cholesterol-deprived medium but PPT not. In experiments using ginsenoside epimers, supplement of 20(S)- but not 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg₃ in cholesterol-deprived medium also almost restored worm growth. These results indicate that the absence or presence of carbohydrate component at backbone of ginsenoside, the number of carbohydrate attached at carbon-3, and the position of hydroxyl group at carbon-20 of ginsenoside might plays important roles in restoration of worm growth in cholesterol-deprived medium.

Undrained Behavior of Clay-Sand Mixtures under Triaxial Loading

Shin, Joon-Ho,Jeong, Sang-Seom Korean Geotechnical Society 1999 지반 : 한국지반공학회지 Vol.15 No.3

본 연구에서는 모래-벤토나이트 혼합토를 대상으로 혼합토의 비율 및 응력이력에 따라 비배수상태에서 삼축실험을 수행하였으며 그 결과 과압밀상태에서 발생하는 소성변형을 포함하는 구성모델을 적용하여 혼합토의 탄소성거동을 예측하였다. 비배수전단시험은 벤토나이트의 혼합비를 10, 15, 20%로 변화시키며 성형한 시료를 400kPa까지 등방압밀 시킨 후 유효구속압력을 감시켜, 압축시험은 과압밀비 1, 2, 4, 12에 대하여, 인장시험은 과압밀비 1. 4, 12에 대하여 수행하였다. 시험분석결과 p'-q평면상에서 벤토나이트의 혼합비가 15%이하인 경우는 모래와 실트에서 나타나는 상태변형선이 나타났으나 혼합비가 20%인 경우는 상태변형선이 뚜렷하지 않았을 뿐만 아니라 체적팽창 경향을 거의 보이지 않았다. 따라서 사질토의 거동에서 점토의 거동으로의 전이를 보이는 점토의 혼합비는 대략 20%정도 임을 알 수 있었다. 제안한 구성모델은 정규압밀상태의 시료에 대해서는 등방경화 구성관계식을 적용하였으며 과압밀상태의 시료에 대해서는 기준면과 항복면을 동시에 가정해 항복면 내부에서의 소성변형을 고려해 주는 비등방경화 구성관계식을 적용하였다. 본 연구 결과 제안한 구성관계식은 정규압밀상태 및 과압밀상태의 혼합토 거동을 비교적 적절히 예측할 수 있었다. A study on the undrained behavior of isotropically consolidated clay-sand mixtures was carried out using the automated triaxial testing apparatus. Overconsolidated ratio, effective mean pressure and clay content( up to 20% bentonite) were the factors varied in the experimental investigation. Undrained behavior(strength and pore water pressure generation during shear in triaxial loading) depends upon overconsolidation ratio, confining pressure and clay content. Significant changes in undrained compression characteristics occurred at around 20% of clay contents in the sand. The test results were analyzed and their behaviors were interpreted within the framework of plasticity constitutive model for clay-sand mixtures. Possible physical bases for the proposed forms are discussed. Validation of the applied model using the laboratory results is also given.

Optimization of Culture Medium for Rifamycin SV Production by Amycolatopsis mediterranei MM2 Using Statistical Designs

Shin, Hae-Joong,Kim, Chang-Joon,Kim, Sung-Bae Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineerin 2007 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.12 No.4

In this paper, we conducted a statistical optimization of the medium components for the production of rifamycin SV by Amycolatopsis mediterranei MM2. In order to maximize the yield of rifamycin SV, a Plakett-Burman experimental design (PBD) was initially utilized in the screening of the medium components among 11 nutrients. Glycerol and yeast extract were determined to influence significantly the yield of rifamycin SV. Then, a central-composite experimental design (CCD) was utilized in order to optimize the concentrations of the screened components accqired using the PBD and to predict the mutual interactions occurring between the screened components. The predicted optimal glycerol and yeast extract concentrations were determined to be 43.8 and 9.5g/L, respectively. At this optimum point, the predicted rifamycin SV yield was 490.5 mg/L, whereas the corresponding experimental yield was $480.3{\pm}43.8 mg/L$.