Direct numerical simulation of turbulence modification by microbubbles in homogeneous isotropic turbulence

Hyoeun shim(심효은),Changhoon Lee(이창훈) 대한기계학회 2019 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2019 No.11

The modulation of homogeneous and isotropic turbulence by microbubbles is investigated by using direct numerical simulation at Taylor scale reynolds number Re<SUB>λ</SUB> = 62. Within the different classes involved in the two-phase flows, the focus of present work is on the modification of turbulent flow by bubbles, immersed dilutely in the flow. The trajectory of bubbles is calculated by using Lagrangian tracking and the motion of bubbles is assumed to be governed by the added mass, gravity, drag and lift force. The effect of microbubbles on the flow is incorporated by applying the point-force approximation. The obtained results show that momentum transfer from bubbles to the flow behaves non-uniformly across the dissipation spectrum. The spectrum exhibits the enhancement of energy at high wavenumbers, while the converse is observed at low wavenumbers. This in turn is consistent with observations of Mazzitelli et al(2003) and van denBerg et al(2006).

Therapy-related acute leukemia in breast cancer patients: twelve cases treated with a topoisomerase inhibitor

Hyoeun Shim,장성수,서을주,박찬정,이정희,이제환,이규형,지현숙 대한혈액학회 2010 Blood Research Vol.45 No.3

Background Therapy-related myeloid neoplasm (t-MN) is a distinct class of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Both AML and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) may develop after treatment for primary cancer. Topoisomerase inhibitors are commonly used to treat breast cancer patients and are well-known for their effect on leukemogenesis of therapy-related acute leukemias (t-AL). Methods We retrospectively evaluated bone marrow test results, chromosomal findings, and clinical characteristics of 12 patients who received topoisomerase inhibitors for breast cancer treatment and later developed acute leukemia. Results Fourteen patients (0.2%) developed t-AL after treatment for breast cancer. Topoisomerase inhibitors were administered to 12 patients. Among them, 9 patients (75%, 9/12) were diagnosed with therapy-related AML (t-AML) and 3 patients (25%, 3/12) with therapy-related ALL (t-ALL). Eight patients (67%, 8/12) showed translocation involving 11q23 and 3 different partner genes, 19p13.1 (37.5%, 3/8), 9p22 (37.5%, 3/8), and 4q21 (25%, 2/8). The median interval between completion of chemotherapy for breast cancer and occurrence of t-AL was 25 months. Patients with 11q23 translocation showed markedly poorer event-free survival than the group without involvement of 11q23. Conclusion The incidence rate of t-AL after treatment for breast cancer was 0.2% in a tertiary hospital in Korea. Translocation involving the MLL gene was frequently found in t-AL caused by a topoisomerase inhibitor and was related to poor prognosis.

Two-way interaction between isotropic turbulence and dispersed bubbles

Hyoeun Shim,Changhoon Lee 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.4

Two-way interaction-mediated modification of isotropic turbulence and bubble dispersion is investigated using direct numerical simulations. The asymmetric coupling force on vortical structures generates horizontal force gradients, transiently enhancing the flow vorticity, while the cumulative buoyant transfer induced by bubbles in the downflow regions decreases it by attenuating the horizontal gradients of the downward flow velocity. These vorticity fluctuations affect the non-uniform distortion in the flow dissipation spectrum with a large-scale energy reduction, decreasing the flow dissipation. In addition, the buoyancy force acting on the bubbles affects the bubble distribution. Smaller inhomogeneities in the bubble distribution with turbulence attenuation, owing to the two-way coupling effects, also contribute to the bubble dispersion.

Prognostic impact of concordant and discordant cytomorphology of bone marrow involvement in patients with diffuse, large, B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP

Shim, Hyoeun,Oh, Jae-Il,Park, Sang Hyuk,Jang, Seongsoo,Park, Chan-Jeoung,Huh, Jooryung,Suh, Cheolwon,Chi, Hyun-Sook BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 2013 Journal of clinical pathology Vol.66 No.5

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Bone marrow involvement confers a poor prognosis in patients with diffuse, large, B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, the prognostic significance of concordant and discordant bone marrow involvement in these cases differs. We analysed this further in patients treated with R-CHOP (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) at a single institute.</P><P><B>Design and Methods</B></P><P>The cytomorphology of bone marrow involvement was evaluated in 632 patients who were diagnosed with DLBCL in primary tissues and had received R-CHOP therapy. Bone marrow trephine biopsies and clot sections were analysed, along with the immunohistochemical analysis of CD20, CD79a and CD3.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Bone marrow involvement was identified in 80 of our DLBCL patient subjects (12.7%). Of these, 32 (40%) showed discordant bone marrow involvement, and 48 (60%) showed concordant involvement. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that progression-free survival and overall survival was poorer in the concordant group (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis, adjusted for the International Prognostic Index score, showed that concordant involvement was an independent predictor of progression-free survival (p<0.001) and overall survival (p=0.011). Discordant involvement was not a negative prognostic factor independent of the International Prognostic Index.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Prognostication based on bone marrow involvement cytomorphology is a useful indicator of progression-free survival and overall survival, independent of the International Prognostic Index score, in DLBCL patients. Accurate staging based on morphology should thus be included in bone marrow examinations of such cases.</P>

Expression of Myeloid Antigen in Neoplastic Plasma Cells Is Related to Adverse Prognosis in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

Shim, Hyoeun,Ha, Joo Hee,Lee, Hyewon,Sohn, Ji Yeon,Kim, Hyun Ju,Eom, Hyeon-Seok,Kong, Sun-Young Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 BioMed research international Vol.2014 No.-

<P>We evaluated the association between the expression of myeloid antigens on neoplastic plasma cells and patient prognosis. The expression status of CD13, CD19, CD20, CD33, CD38, CD56, and CD117 was analyzed on myeloma cells from 55 newly diagnosed patients, including 36 men (65%), of median age 61 years (range: 38–78). Analyzed clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters were as follows: serum <I><I>β</I></I>2-microglobulin, lactate dehydrogenase, calcium, albumin, hemoglobin, serum creatinine concentrations, bone marrow histology, and cytogenetic findings. CD13+ and CD33+ were detected in 53% and 18%, respectively. Serum calcium (<I>P</I> = 0.049) and LDH (<I>P</I> = 0.018) concentrations were significantly higher and morphologic subtype of immature or plasmablastic was more frequent in CD33+ than in CD33− patients (<I>P</I> = 0.022). CD33 and CD13 expression demonstrate a potential prognostic impact and were associated with lower overall survival (OS; <I>P</I> = 0.001 and <I>P</I> = 0.025) in Kaplan-Meier analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that CD33 was independently prognostic of shorter progression free survival (PFS; <I>P</I> = 0.037) and OS (<I>P</I> = 0.001) with correction of clinical prognostic factors. This study showed that CD13 and CD33 expression associated with poor prognosis in patients with MM implicating the need of analysis of these markers in MM diagnosis.</P>

이어도 기상 관측 자료를 활용한 장마 시작일 분석

오효은(Hyoeun Oh),하경자(Kyung-Ja Ha),심재설(Jae-Seol Shim) 한국기상학회 2014 대기 Vol.24 No.2

A New Biomedical Passage Retrieval Framework for Laboratory Medicine: Leveraging Domain-specific Ontology, Multilevel PRF, and Negation Differential Weighting

Han, Keejun,Shim, Hyoeun,Yi, Mun Y. Hindawi 2018 Journal of healthcare engineering Vol.2018 No.-

<P>Clinical decision support (CDS) search is performed to retrieve key medical literature that can assist the practice of medical experts by offering appropriate medical information relevant to the medical case in hand. In this paper, we present a novel CDS search framework designed for passage retrieval from biomedical textbooks in order to support clinical decision-making using laboratory test results. The framework utilizes two unique characteristics of the textual reports derived from the test results, which are syntax variation and negation information. The proposed framework consists of three components: domain ontology, index repository, and query processing engine. We first created a domain ontology to resolve syntax variation by applying the ontology to detect medical concepts from the test results with language translation. We then preprocessed and performed indexing of biomedical textbooks recommended by clinicians for passage retrieval. We finally built the query-processing engine tailored for CDS, including translation, concept detection, query expansion, pseudo-relevance feedback at the local and global levels, and ranking with differential weighting of negation information. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed framework, we followed the standard information retrieval evaluation procedure. An evaluation dataset was created, including 28,581 textual reports for 30 laboratory test results and 56,228 passages from widely used biomedical textbooks, recommended by clinicians. Overall, our proposed passage retrieval framework, GPRF-NEG, outperforms the baseline by 36.2, 100.5, and 69.7 percent for MRR, <I>R</I>-precision, and Precision at 5, respectively. Our study results indicate that the proposed CDS search framework specifically designed for passage retrieval of biomedical literature represents a practically viable choice for clinicians as it supports their decision-making processes by providing relevant passages extracted from the sources that they prefer to refer to, with improved performances.</P>

Common-path diffraction optical tomography for investigation of three-dimensional structures and dynamics of biological cells

Kim, Youngchan,Shim, Hyoeun,Kim, Kyoohyun,Park, HyunJoo,Heo, Ji Han,Yoon, Jonghee,Choi, Chulhee,Jang, Seongsoo,Park, YongKeun The Optical Society 2014 Optics express Vol.22 No.9

Simplified flow cytometric immunophenotyping panel for multiple myeloma, CD56/CD19/CD138(CD38)/CD45, to differentiate neoplastic myeloma cells from reactive plasma cells

Tae-Dong Jeong,박찬정,Hyoeun Shim,장성수,Hyun-Sook Chi,Dok Hyun Yoon,김대영,이정희,이제환,서철원,이규형 대한혈액학회 2012 Blood Research Vol.47 No.4

Background Flow cytometric immunophenotyping has been used to identify neoplastic plasma cell populations in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Previous reports have described the use of several antigens, including CD38, CD138, CD56, CD117, CD52, CD19 and CD45, to distinguish distinct populations of plasma cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate a simplified immunophenotyping panel for MM analysis. Methods A total of 70 patients were enrolled in the study, 62 of which were newly diagnosed with MM (untreated), whereas the remaining 8 were undergoing bone marrow assessment as part of follow-up after treatment (treated). Treated cases included 3 patients with relapse and 5 patients with persistence of MM. Multiparametric flow cytometric immunophenotyping was performed using monoclonal antibodies against CD56, CD19, CD138 (CD38), and CD45. Results In differential counts, plasma cells in bone marrow (BM) accounted for 3.6‒93.2% of the total nucleated cell count. The positive expression rates of CD56, CD19, CD138, and CD45 in neoplastic myeloma cells were 83.9%, 0%, 98.4%, and 37.1%, respectively, among the 62 untreated cases, and 75.0%, 0%, 87.5%, and 37.5%, respectively, among the 8 treated cases. CD19 expression of neoplastic plasma cells was negative in both untreated and treated cases. Conclusion The simplified immunophenotyping panel, CD56/CD19/CD138(CD38)/CD45, is useful for distinguishing neoplastic myeloma cells from reactive plasma cells in clinical practice. In addition, CD19 represents the most valuable antigen for identifying neoplastic myeloma cells in patients with MM.

Development of an Automated Image Analyzer for Microvessel Density Measurement in Bone Marrow Biopsies

Yousun Chung,Seungwon Shin,Hyoeun Shim,Ji Yeon Sohn,Dong-eun Lee,Lee Hyewon,Hyeon Seok Eom,Kwang Gi Kim,Sun-Young Kong 대한진단검사의학회 2020 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.40 No.4

Angiogenesis is important for the proliferation and survival of multiple myeloma (MM) cells. Bone marrow (BM) microvessel density (MVD) is a useful marker of angiogenesis and an increase in MVD can be used as a marker of poor prognosis in MM patients. We developed an automated image analyzer to assess MVD from images of BM biopsies stained with anti-CD34 antibodies using two color models. MVD was calculated by merging images from the red and hue channels after eliminating non-microvessels. The analyzer results were compared with those obtained by two experienced hematopathologists in a blinded manner using the 84 BM samples of MM patients. Manual assessment of the MVD by two hematopathologists yielded mean±SD values of 19.4±11.8 and 20.0±11.8. The analyzer generated a mean±SD of 19.5±11.2. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plot of the MVD results demonstrated very good agreement between the automated image analyzer and both hematopathologists (ICC=0.893 [0.840–0.929] and ICC=0.906 [0.859–0.938]). This automated analyzer can provide time- and labor-saving benefits with more objective results in hematology laboratories.