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HUSSAIN, MOHAMMAD SHAKHAWAT,KWON, MINYEONG,TANGO, CHARLES NKUFI,OH, DEOG HWAN International Association for Food Protection 2018 Journal of food protection Vol.81 No.5
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>This study examined the disinfection efficacy and mechanism of electrolyzed water (EW) on Bacillus cereus biofilms. B. cereus strains, ATCC 14579 and Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC) 13153 biofilms, were formed on stainless steel (SS) and plastic slide (PS) coupons. Mature biofilms were treated with slightly acidic EW (SAEW), acidic EW (AEW), and basic EW (BEW). SAEW (available chlorine concentration, 25 ± 1.31 mg L−1; pH 5.71 ± 0.16; and oxidation reduction potential, 818 to 855 mV) reduced ATCC 14579 biofilms on plastic slides to below the detection limit within 30 s. However, biofilms on SS coupons showed a higher resistance to the SAEW treatment. When the disinfection activities of three types of EW on biofilms were compared, AEW showed a higher bactericidal activity, followed by SAEW and BEW. In contrast, BEW showed a significantly (P < 0.05) higher biofilm dispersal activity than AEW and SAEW. SAEW disinfection of the B. cereus biofilms was due to the disruption of the B. cereus plasma membrane. The higher resistance of biofilms formed on the SS coupon might be due to the higher number of attached cells and extracellular polymeric substances formation that reacts with the active chlorine ions, such as hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ion of SAEW, which decreased the disinfection efficacy of SAEW. This study showed that the EW treatment effectively disinfected B. cereus biofilms, providing insight into the potential use of EW in the food processing industry to control the biofilm formation of B. cereus.</P>
Hussain, Mohammad Shakhawat,Oh, Deog Hwan Elsevier 2017 Food control Vol.77 No.-
<P>Bacillus cereus, an endospore forming human pathogen associated With foodborne diseases, can form biofilms and attach to surfaces of processing equipment in the food industry. It is a consistent source of contamination and/or cross contamination of processed food products. The objective of this study was to understand substratum attachment location and biofilm formation behavior of B. cereus strains under different growth conditions. A total of 60 strains isolated from food, human, or farm and a number of reference strains were used in this study. Substratum attachment locations of these strains in 96-well microtiter plates were highly diversified among these strains. Strains isolated from food showed higher preference to attach at the air-liquid interface during early stage of biofilm formation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing the level of substratum attachment location and biofilm formation of B. cereus strains isolated from different sources. Substratum properties did not affect biofilm formation location when a number of selected strains were grown on stainless steel coupon, indicating that biofilm formation location might be independent of the type of substratum. Substratum attachment location and biofilm formation related phenotypes such as total biomass production, number of sessile cells, and sporulation were closely correlated. Substratum attachment location and sporulation behavior were strongly affected during biofilm formation under nutrient stress condition. The number of spores was significantly increased in biofilms grown under nutrient stress condition even though total biomass formation was lower. Our results on substratum attachment location and related biofilm formation behavior are substantially important for food industries where different surfaces are prone to B. cereus attachment, particularly for setting up and implementing clean in place (CIP) protocols. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
Impact of the Isolation Source on the Biofilm Formation Characteristics of Bacillus cereus
( Mohammad Shakhawat Hussain ),( Deog-hwan Oh ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.1
The human pathogen and food spoiler Bacillus cereus can form biofilms that act as a persistent source of contamination, which is of public health concern. This study aimed to understand how the source of isolation might affect the behavior of biofilm formation. Biofilm formation abilities of 56 strains of B. cereus isolated from different environments, including human food poisoning, farm, and food, were determined. Crystal violet assay results revealed significant (p < 0.05) differences in biofilm formation abilities among the strains isolated from different sources only at an early stage of incubation. However, strain origin showed no impact on later stage of biofilm formation. Next, correlation of the group of isolates on the basis of their biofilm-forming abilities with the number of sessile cells, sporulation, and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) formation was determined. The number of sessile cells and spores in biofilms was greatly influenced by the groups of isolates that formed dense, moderate, and weak biofilms. The contribution of extracellular DNA and/or proteins to EPS formation was also positively correlated with biofilm formation abilities. Our results that the source of isolation had significant impact on biofilm formation might provide important information to develop strategies to control B. cereus biofilm formation.
Preservative Effect of Chinese Cabbage on Raw Beef Meat at Refrigeration Storage
Momna Rubab,Ramachandran Chelliah,Mohammad Shakhawat Hussain,Eric Banan-Mwine Daliri,Fred Shakhawat Hussain,Min-Yeong Kwon,Chen Xiuqin,Eun-ji Park,Hyeon-Yeong Jo,Su-Bin Hwang,Deog Hwan Oh 한국식품영양과학회 2018 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2018 No.10
Biofilm formation of Bacillus cereus under food-processing-related conditions
권민영,Mohammad Shakhawat Hussain,오덕환 한국식품과학회 2017 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.26 No.4
This study aims to understand the biofilm formation abilities of eight Bacillus cereus strains under foodindustry- related conditions. Biofilms were grown in microtiter plates in tryptic soy broth (TSB) or brain heart infusion (BHI) at 30 C for 24 or 48 h and quantified via the crystal violet assay. A significantly larger of biofilm was formed in TSB than in BHI after 48 h. Selected strains were used to test biofilm formation under food-related conditions produced by different surfaces (e.g., stainless steel, plastic, or glass), temperatures (25 or 30 C), carbon sources, (glucose or glycerol) and NaCl. Biofilm formation appeared to be affected by surface properties, temperature, and carbon sources. A larger biofilm was formed on stainless steel at 30 C compared to plastic and glass surfaces at 25 and 30 C. Moreover, addition of glucose in combination with NaCl in TSB produced significantly larger biofilm than glucose, glycerol and/or NaCl. These results indicate that food-industry-related conditions could promote B. cereus biofilm formation, which is relevant to food safety.
Microbiological Quality and Safety of Fresh Fruits and Vegetables at Retail Levels in Korea
Tango, Charles Nkufi,Wei, Shuai,Khan, Imran,Hussain, Mohammad Shakhawat,Kounkeu, Paul-Franç,ois Ngnitcho,Park, Joong-hyun,Kim, Se-hun,Oh, Deog Hwan Wiley (Blackwell Publishing) 2018 Journal of Food Science Vol.83 No.2
Tango, Charles Nkufi,Akkermans, Simen,Hussain, Mohammad Shakhawat,Khan, Imran,Van Impe, Jan,Jin, Yong-Guo,Oh, Deog Hwan Elsevier 2018 Food microbiology Vol.76 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this work, the effect of environmental factors on <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> (ATCC 13150) biofilm formation in tryptic soy broth was investigated under different ranges of pH (3.0–9.5), ethanol concentration (EtOH 0.0–20.0%), and a<SUB>w</SUB> (NaCl, 0.866–0.992). Biofilm formation was quantified using the crystal violet staining method and optical density (OD: 590 nm) measurements. Biofilm formation was significantly stronger at pH and a<SUB>w</SUB> close to <I>S. aureus</I> optimal growth conditions, while it was high at EtOH around 2.5–3.5%. Data sets from the difference between the OD measurements of the test and control (ΔOD) were fitted to the cardinal parameter model (CPM) and cardinal parameter model with inflection (CPMI) to describe the effect of the environmental factors. The models showed good quality of fit for the experimental data in terms of calculated RMSE, with the latter ranging from 0.276 to 0.455. CPM gave a good quality of fit compared to CPMI for the environmental factors tested. Optimal pH was close to neutral (6.76–6.81) and biofilm formation was possible till pH = 3.81–3.78 for CPM and CPMI, respectively. Optimum EtOH and a<SUB>w</SUB> conditions for biofilm formation were in the range of 1.99–2.75 and 0.98–0.97, respectively. Predicted OD values observed using strain 13150 were very closely correlated to the OD values predicted with strain 12600 with R<SUP>2</SUP> of 0.978, 0.991, and 0.947 for pH, EtOH, and a<SUB>w</SUB>, respectively. The cultivable bacterial cells within the biofilm were enumerated using standard plate counting and a linear model was applied to correlate the attached biofilm cells to ΔOD of biofilm formation. It was found that the biofilm formation correlated with <I>S. aureus</I> population growth. At 2.5–3.5% of EtOH the maximum population density was lower than that observed at 0.0% of EtOH. As 2.5–3.5% of EtOH initiated a stronger biofilm formation, biofilm formation seems to be induced by ethanol stress. The development of cardinal parameter models to describe the effect environmental factors of importance to biofilm formation, offers a promising predictive microbiology approach to decrypting the <I>S. aureus</I> population growth and survival ability on food processing surfaces.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Biofilm formation was significantly stronger at pH and aw close <I>S. aureus</I> growth optimal conditions. </LI> <LI> Biofilm formation was significantly high at ethanol concentration around 2.5–3.5%. </LI> <LI> CPM showed a better quality of fit compare to CPMI whatever the environmental factors. </LI> <LI> High extracellular matrix production depend on stress induced by ethanol at non-lethal concentrations. </LI> </UL> </P>