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The Spite Dilemma Experiment in Korea
Youngsub Chun,Jeongbin Kim,Tatsuyoshi Saijo 서울대학교 경제연구소 2011 Seoul journal of economics Vol.24 No.1
This paper investigates a choice behavior of Korean subjects for the provision of public goods using the voluntary contribution mechanism in Saijo and Nakamura (1995). Together with the data from Saijo and Nakamura (1995) and Saijo et al. (2007), we conclude that whereas Japanese subjects are more likely to behave spitefully, Korean and Chinese subjects are more likely to act cooperatively. We also analyze the behavior of Korean subjects after being categorized by department. Subjects from the economics department follow a pattern of a contribution not much different from the theoretical expectation, and subjects from the college of social sciences show a similar pattern. The subjects who act spitefully are from the department of agricultural economics.
Present Status and Problems on Molecular Targeted Therapy of Cancer
Nagahiro Saijo 대한암학회 2012 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.44 No.1
Numerous clinical trials of molecular targeted drugs for cancer have been conducted, with remarkable results for certain drugs and accumulation of “negative data” causing a hitch in the development plan for some other compounds. Five recent issues and problems of molecular targeted therapies were discussed critically. Drug discovery and effects against driver mutations (activating mutations) and problems: possibility for circumventing inherent and acquired resistance with the aim of achieving radical cure. Synthetic lethality: reasonable patient selection in individualized treatment strategy. Response rate and progression-free survival improvement with or without overall survival benefit and enhancement of toxicity in bevacizumab therapy: best endpoints for the evaluation of effect of antiangiogenic therapy. Negative data on small-molecule targeted therapy,primarily vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitors: loose GO or NO-GO decision criteria for further development of new compounds in early clinical trials. Effect of immunotherapy:difficulty to verify by proof of principle study. We are faced to many questions for the development of efficient personalized therapy. Accumulation of scientific global preclinical and clinical evidences is essential to use these new therapeutic modalities for the improvement of oncologic health care.
Nagahiro Saijo 연세대학교의과대학 2013 Yonsei medical journal Vol.54 No.1
The effective and toxic ranges of anticancer drugs are very narrow and, in some cases, inverted. Thus determination of the most appropriate dosage and schedule of administration is crucial for optimal chemotherapy. In common arm trials conducted in Japan and by Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) that used the same doses and schedules for the administration of carboplatin plus paclitaxel, the frequency of hematological toxicity was significantly higher in the Japanese trials than in the SWOG trial, despite demonstrating similar response rates. The frequency of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in tumors was significantly higher among East Asian populations, and these populations are also reported to demonstrate a higher response rates to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). The prevalence of interstitial lung disease induced by treatment with EGFR-TKIs has been shown to be quite high in the Japanese population. Clinical trials of cetuximab against non-small cell lung cancer and of bevacizumab against stomach cancer have shown that these agents are only active in Caucasians. In a trial examining the use of sorafenib after transarterial chemoembolization in Korean and Japanese patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, the compliance and dose intensity of the drug were quite low compared with other trials. Although not only identified pharmacogenomics differences but also differences in social environment,and regional medical care, including pharmacoeconomics strongly influence ethnic differences in treatment response, further identification and understanding of the pharmacogenomics underlying ethnic differences will be essential to timely and reliable global development of new anticancer drugs.
Yoshino, Kaori,Saijo, Kaoru,Noro, Chikako,Nakamura, Yukio Korean Society for Bioinformatics 2010 Interdisciplinary Bio Central (IBC) Vol.2 No.4
Misidentification of cultured cell lines results in the generation of erroneous scientific data. Hence, it is very important to identify and eliminate cell lines with a different origin from that being claimed. Various methods, such as karyotyping and isozyme analysis, can be used to detect inter-species misidentification. However, these methods have proved of little value for identifying intra-species misidentification, and it will only be through the development and application of molecular biological approaches that this will become practical. Recently, the profiling of microsatellite variants has been validated as a means of detecting gene polymorphisms and has proved to be a simple and reliable method for identifying individual cell lines. Currently, the human cell lines provided by cell banks around the world are routinely authenticated by microsatellite polymorphism profiling. Unfortunately, this practice has not been widely adopted for mouse cells lines. Here we show that the profiling of microsatellite variants can be also applied to distinguish the commonly used mouse inbred strains and to determine the strain of origin of cultured cell lines. We found that approximately 4.2% of mouse cell lines have been misidentified; this is a similar rate of misidentification as detected in human cell lines. Although this approach cannot detect intra-strain misidentification, the profiling of microsatellite variants should be routinely carried out for all mouse cell lines to eliminate inter-strain misidentification.
Treatment of Small Cell Lung Cancer
Atsushi Horiike,Nagahiro Saijo 대한암학회 2003 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.35 No.3
Among patients with lung cancer, approximately 15%have small cell lung cancer (SCLC), SCLC is usuallystaged as either limited and extensive. Extensive-stageSCLC is treated primarily with chemotherapy. A recentJapanese randomized trial compared cisplatin and irinotecan(IP) with cisplatin and etoposide (EP). Patients inthe IP arm did significantly better than patients in the EParm. In the IP arm, the response rate was 84%, and themedian overall survival period was 12.8 months. LimitedstageSCLC is usually treated with concurrent chemotherapyand accelerated radiation therapy, and approximately20% of patients are cured. Future research should focuson optimizing chemotherapy regimens and radiation therapyschedules. The role of molecular targeted drugs inthe treatment of SCLC must also be evaluated. (Cancer Res Treat. 2003;35:177-180)
Estimation of Dynamic Properties of Traditional Wooden Structures Using New Bolt Sensor
Carlos H. Cuadra,Nobuhiro Shimoi,Tetsuya Nishida,Masahiro Saijo 제어로봇시스템학회 2013 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.10
Dynamic properties of traditional wooden structures are estimated from forced vibration test performed on a prototype constructed for this purpose. The prototype corresponds to a framed wooden construction with traditional connections between columns and beams without nails and with wedges inserted into joints to fix them. To verify the applicability of a new type of piezoelectric bolt sensor the test series were performed using also commercial accelerometers and laser displacement transducer for comparison. The new bolt sensor is intended to be used for structural health monitoring of important and small structures like historical shrines or other small historical buildings. Bolt sensors were installed in selected frame joints and changes in the voltage signal were detected when the prototype is subjected to dynamic excitation. The response of the new sensor is comparable with that obtained by high precision commercial accelerometers and laser displacement transducer. In addition the dynamic response of the structure and the response of the bolt senor were verified analytically using finite element method. For analytical modeling semi-rigid joint is used where the moment rotation relationship is specified for each beam end. The research serves also to calibrate the analytical model by using experimental results obtained from forced vibration test.