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Park, Hea Jung,So, Monica C.,Gosztola, David,Wiederrecht, Gary P.,Emery, Jonathan D.,Martinson, Alex B. F.,Er, Sü,leyman,Wilmer, Christopher E.,Vermeulen, Nicolaas A.,Aspuru-Guzik, Alá,n,S American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.38
<P>We demonstrate that thin films of metal organic framework (MOF)-like materials, containing two perylenedlimides (PDICl4, PDIOPh2) and a squaraine dye (S1); can be fabricated by, layer-by-layer assembly (LbL). Interestingly, these LbL films absorb across the visible light region (400-750 nm) and facilitate directional energy transfer. Due to the high spectral overlap and oriented transition dipole moments of the donor (PDICl4 and PDIOPh2) and acceptor (S1) components, directional long-range energy transfer from the bluest to reddest absorber was successfully demonstrated in the multicomponent MOF-like films. These findings have significant implications for the development of solar energy conversion devices based on MOFs.</P>
Circulating TNF receptors predict cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease
Bae, Eunjin,Cha, Ran-Hui,Kim, Yong C.,An, Jung N.,Kim, Dong K.,Yoo, Kyung D.,Lee, Su M.,Kim, Myoung-Hee,Park, Jung T.,Kang, Shin-Wook,Park, Jae Y.,Lim, Chun S.,Kim, Yon S.,Yang, Seung H.,Lee, Jung P. Williams & Wilkins Co 2017 Medicine Vol.96 No.19
<P>We prospectively recruited 984 patients with CKD from 11 centers between 2006 and 2012. The levels of cTNFR1 and cTNFR2 were determined by performing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. During the mean follow-up period of 4 years, 36 patients experienced a CVD event. The median serum concentrations of cTNFR1 and cTNFR2 were 2703.4 (225.6-13,057.7) and 5661.0 (634.9-30,599.6) pg/mL, respectively, and the cTNFR1 level was closely correlated with the cTNFR2 level (r=0.86, P < .0001). The urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were significantly correlated with the cTNFR2 level (r=0.21 for UPCR, r=-0.67 for eGFR; P<.001 for all). Similar correlations were observed for serum cTNFR1 (r=0.21 for UPCR, r=-0.75 for eGFR; P < .001 for all). In the Cox proportional hazard analyses, cTNFR1 (hazard ratio [HR] 2.506, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.186-5.295, P=.016) and cTNFR2 (HR4.156, 95% CI 1.913-9.030, P < .001) predictedCVDrisk even after adjustment for clinical covariates, such as UPCR, eGFR, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. cTNFR1 and 2 are associated with CVD and other risk factors in CKD, independently of eGFR and UPCR. Furthermore, cTNFRs could be relevant predictors of CVD in CKD patients.</P>
Morphological Properties of Slender Ca ${\rm{II}}$ H Fibrils Observed by Sunrise II
Gafeira, R.,Lagg, A.,Solanki, S. K.,Jafarzadeh, S.,Noort, M. van,Barthol, P.,Rodrí,guez, J. Blanco,Iniesta, J. C. del Toro,Gandorfer, A.,Gizon, L.,Hirzberger, J.,Knö,lker, M.,Suá,rez, American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Supplement series Vol.229 No.1
<P>We use seeing-free high spatial resolution Ca II H data obtained by the SUNRISE observatory to determine properties of slender fibrils in the lower solar chromosphere. In this work we use intensity images taken with the SUFI instrument in the Ca II H line during the second scientific flight of the SUNRISE observatory to identify and track elongated bright structures. After identification, we analyze theses structures to extract their morphological properties. We identify 598 slender Ca II H fibrils (SCFs) with an average width of around 180 km, length between 500 and 4000 km, average lifetime of approximate to 400 s, and average curvature of 0.002 arcsec(-1). The maximum lifetime of the SCFs within our time series of 57 minutes is approximate to 2000 s. We discuss similarities and differences of the SCFs with other small-scale, chromospheric structures such as spicules of type I and II, or Ca II K fibrils.</P>
Javier Arranz-Andrés,Inmaculada Suárez,Rosario Benavente,Ernesto Pérez 한국고분자학회 2011 Macromolecular Research Vol.19 No.4
Two series of ethylene-propylene copolymers were synthesized in the whole composition range using a metallocene catalyst, one in the homogeneous phase (H copolymers), and the other with the catalyst supported in silica (S copolymers). Some differences were found between the two groups. Therefore, the amount of ethylene needed to obtain a certain proportion of the γ form is lower in the H than in S series. Moreover, the composition to obtain the pseudo hexagonal form is also different for the two groups. On the other hand, degree of crystallinity, crystal sizes and microhardness values display a similar variations with the comonomer content of the two series. Consequently, from a macroscopic point of view, materials with similar macroscopic mechanical properties can be produced using both supported and homogeneous metallocene catalysts despite the structural differences.
아미노산 수액의 신속한 정맥내 주사 후 담낭 수축에 관한 연구
김미영,김영수,최원,장재남,김명식,김인한,신용운,권계숙,이돈행,오윤주,김형길,이재수,김범수,조현근 대한소화기학회 1999 대한소화기학회지 Vol.33 No.1
Background/Aims: Gallbladder (GB) sludges and/or gallstones frequently develop due to hypomotility of GB after long-term total parenteral nutrition, abdominal surgery, bone marrow transplantatation, AIDS infection, trauma. The purpose of this study is to promote GB contraction and emptying with the rapid intravenous infusion of aminoacids and then, to determine the most effective dosage and infusion rate. Methods: After infusion of aminoacids, the volume of GB was measured serially using ultrasonography before infusion and immediately (0 min), 15 min, 30 min, 45 min and 60 min after infusion. The subjects of this study were 28 healthy male volunteers aged from 23 to 26. For control group (n=4), 250 cc of normal saline was infused for 30 min. For group A (n=8), 250 cc of aminoacids solution was infused for 30 min (21.2 g, 0.7 g/min). For group B (n=8), 250 cc of aminoacids solution was infused for 10 min (21.2 g, 2.1 g/mn). For group C (n=8), 125 cc of aminoacids solution was infused for 5 min (10.6 g, 2.1 g/min). Results: The volume of GB was significantly decreased with the lapse of time in A, B, C groups and the most significant change occurred at 45 min after infusion (p=0.0001). These groups showed significant volume change com pared to control group (p=0.0029). At 15 min after infusion, significant GB contraction occurred in group B, C compared to control group (p=0.0030). Only B group showed significant GB contraction at 45 min after infusion (p=0.0041). Conclusions: It is concluded that the intermittent rapid intravenous minoacids infusion may be useful to prevent GB sludges in the high risk groups. (Kor J Gastroenterol 1999;33:90 - 96)
Restoration and conservation of anatomic pieces
Camila Cárdenas Guerrero Guzmán,Karen Alejandra Pérez Díaz,María Paula Ruíz Díaz,Valentina Díaz Sánchez,Andrés Camilo Ariza Aguirre,Laura Catalina Cantor Alfonso,Camila Andrea Suárez Ortiz,Davide Fali 대한해부학회 2019 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.52 No.3
In this study, a restoration process was developed with potassium hydroxide (KOH), in order to improve each of the structures for their posterior fixation, through the use of new methods such as the Chilean conservative fixative solution (SFCCh), with exceptional results. Restore anatomical pieces corresponding to corpse and organs, being these last set with the SFCCh. In this work dealt with processes of restoration with potassium hydroxide, sodium chloride, and sodium hypochlorite, the process began with the cleanliness and suture of the structures for subsequent fixing in Chilean conservative fixative solution, making use of a corpse and different anatomical parts. Work based on items found in the database, Elsevier, Science Direct, ProQuest, and MEDLINE. At the end of the process of restoration and conservation of the anatomical pieces, was observed an improvement in muscle pigment with decrease of rigidity in the specimen, additionally a recovery of appearance in the vascular-nervous elements was achieved. The organs were much more malleable and the structures facilitate the identification of specific details, its subsequent immersion in SFCCh allows the longer preservation of the obtained results. The restoration with potassium hydroxide allows the improvement in the appearance of the different anatomical structures and simultaneously to facilitate its study. The SFCCh is an alternative that replaces partially the use of formaldehyde. In addition, it presents toxicity reduction.
Solar Coronal Loops Associated with Small-scale Mixed Polarity Surface Magnetic Fields
Chitta, L. P.,Peter, H.,Solanki, S. K.,Barthol, P.,Gandorfer, A.,Gizon, L.,Hirzberger, J.,Riethmü,ller, T. L.,Noort, M. van,Rodrí,guez, J. Blanco,Iniesta, J. C. Del Toro,Suá,rez, D. Or American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal, Supplement series Vol.229 No.1
<P>How and where are coronal loops rooted in the solar lower atmosphere? The details of the magnetic environment and its evolution at the footpoints of coronal loops are crucial to understanding the processes of mass and energy supply to the solar corona. To address the above question, we use high-resolution line-of-sight magnetic field data from the Imaging Magnetograph eXperiment instrument on the SUNRISE balloon-borne observatory and coronal observations from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory of an emerging active region. We find that the coronal loops are often rooted at the locations with minor small-scale but persistent opposite-polarity magnetic elements very close to the larger dominant polarity. These opposite-polarity small-scale elements continually interact with the dominant polarity underlying the coronal loop through flux cancellation. At these locations we detect small inverse Y-shaped jets in chromospheric Ca II H images obtained from the SUNRISE Filter Imager during the flux cancellation. Our results indicate that magnetic flux cancellation and reconnection at the base of coronal loops due to mixed polarity fields might be a crucial feature for the supply of mass and energy into the corona.</P>
Hyperosmotic polydixylitol for crossing the blood brain barrier and efficient nucleic acid delivery
Garg, P.,Pandey, S.,Seonwoo, Hoon,Yeom, Seungmin,Choung, Yun-Hoon,Cho, Chong-Su,Choung, Pill-Hoon,Hoon Chung, Jong The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Chemical communications Vol.51 No.17
<P>Here, we introduce a polydixylitol based highly osmotic polymer that not only transmigrates the BBB by intra-arterial infusion of osmotic polyol but also triggers cellular uptake <I>via</I> modulation of caveolae mediated endocytosis.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>We report that the incorporation of a hyperosmotic molecule, dixylitol, into the backbone of a delivery vector can enhance its blood brain barrier transmigration. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4cc09871d'> </P>
Nelson, Michael T,Joksovic, Pavle M,Su, Peihan,Kang, Ho-Won,Van Deusen, Amy,Baumgart, Joel P,David, Laurence S,Snutch, Terrance P,Barrett, Paula Q,Lee, Jung-Ha,Zorumski, Charles F,Perez-Reyes, Edward Society for Neuroscience 2007 The Journal of neuroscience Vol.27 No.46
<P>T-type Ca2+ channels (T-channels) are involved in the control of neuronal excitability and their gating can be modulated by a variety of redox agents. Ascorbate is an endogenous redox agent that can function as both an anti- and pro-oxidant. Here, we show that ascorbate selectively inhibits native Ca(v)3.2 T-channels in peripheral and central neurons, as well as recombinant Ca(v)3.2 channels heterologously expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, by initiating the metal-catalyzed oxidation of a specific, metal-binding histidine residue in domain 1 of the channel. Our biophysical experiments indicate that ascorbate reduces the availability of Ca(v)3.2 channels over a wide range of membrane potentials, and inhibits Ca(v)3.2-dependent low-threshold-Ca2+ spikes as well as burst-firing in reticular thalamic neurons at physiologically relevant concentrations. This study represents the first mechanistic demonstration of ion channel modulation by ascorbate, and suggests that ascorbate may function as an endogenous modulator of neuronal excitability.</P>
The Maximum Entropy Limit of Small-scale Magnetic Field Fluctuations in the Quiet Sun
Gorobets, A. Y.,Berdyugina, S. V.,Riethmü,ller, T. L.,Rodrí,guez, J. Blanco,Solanki, S. K.,Barthol, P.,Gandorfer, A.,Gizon, L.,Hirzberger, J.,Noort, M. van,Del Toro Iniesta, J. C.,Suá American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Supplement series Vol.233 No.1
<P>The observed magnetic field on the solar surface is characterized by a very complex spatial and temporal behavior. Although feature-tracking algorithms have allowed us to deepen our understanding of this behavior, subjectivity plays an important role in the identification and tracking of such features. In this paper, we continue studies of the temporal stochasticity of the magnetic field on the solar surface without relying either on the concept of magnetic features or on subjective assumptions about their identification and interaction. We propose a data analysis method to quantify fluctuations of the line-of-sight magnetic field by means of reducing the temporal field's evolution to the regular Markov process. We build a representative model of fluctuations converging to the unique stationary (equilibrium) distribution in the long time limit with maximum entropy. We obtained different rates of convergence to the equilibrium at fixed noise cutoff for two sets of data. This indicates a strong influence of the data spatial resolution and mixing-polarity fluctuations on the relaxation process. The analysis is applied to observations of magnetic fields of the relatively quiet areas around an active region carried out during the second flight of the SUNRISE/IMAX and quiet Sun areas at the disk center from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory satellite.</P>