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Hauke Lang,Janine Baumgart,Jens Mittler 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2020 Gut and Liver Vol.14 No.6
In 2007, the first associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) procedure was performed in Regensburg, Germany. ALPPS is a variation of twostage hepatectomy to induce rapid liver hypertrophy allowing the removal of large tumors otherwise considered irresectable due to a too small future liver remnant. In 2012, the international ALPPS registry was created, and it now contains more than 1,000 cases. During the past years, improved patient selection and refinements in operative techniques, in particular, less invasive approaches such as Partial ALPPS, Tourniquet ALPPS, Ablation-assisted ALPPS, Hybrid ALPPS or Laparoscopic or Robotic approaches, have resulted in significant improvements in safety. The most frequent indication for ALPPS is colorectal liver metastases. In the first randomized controlled study, ALPPS provided a higher resectability rate than conventional two-stage hepatectomy, with similar complication rates. Long-term outcome data are still missing. The initial results of ALPPS for hepatocellular carcinoma and for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma were devastating, but with progress in surgical technic and better patient selection, ALPPS could serve as a treatment alternative in carefully selected cases, even for these tumors. ALPPS has enlarged the armamentarium of hepato-pancreato-biliary surgeons, but there is still discussion regarding how to use this novel technique, which may allow resection of tumors that are otherwise deemed irresectable.
DNA Island Formation on Binary Block Copolymer Vesicles
Luo, Qingjie,Shi, Zheng,Zhang, Yitao,Chen, Xi-Jun,Han, Seo-Yeon,Baumgart, Tobias,Chenoweth, David M.,Park, So-Jung American Chemical Society 2016 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.138 No.32
<P>Here, we report DNA-induced polymer segregation and DNA island formation in binary block copolymer assemblies. A DNA diblock copolymer of polymethyl acrylateblock-DNA (PMA-b-DNA) and a triblock copolymer of poly(butadiene)-block-poly(ethylene oxide)-block-DNA (PBD-b-PEO-b-DNA) were synthesized, and each was coassembled with a prototypical amphiphilic polymer of poly(butadiene)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PBD-b-PEO). The binary self-assembly of PMA-b-DNA and PBD-b-PEO resulted in giant polymersomes with DNA uniformly distributed in the hydrophilic PEO shell. When giant polymersomes were connected through specific DNA interactions, DNA block copolymers migrated to the junction area, forming DNA islands within polymersomes. These results indicate that DNA hybridization can induce effective lateral polymer segregation in mixed polymer assemblies. The polymer segregation and local DNA enrichment have important implications in DNA melting properties, as mixed block copolymer assemblies with low DNA block copolymer contents can still exhibit useful DNA melting properties that are characteristic of DNA nanostructures with high DNA density.</P>
An unconventional role for miRNA: let-7 activates Toll-like receptor 7 and causes neurodegeneration
Lehmann, Sabrina M,Kr체ger, Christina,Park, Boyoun,Derkow, Katja,Rosenberger, Karen,Baumgart, Jan,Trimbuch, Thorsten,Eom, Gina,Hinz, Michael,Kaul, David,Habbel, Piet,K채lin, Roland,Franzoni, Eleonora,Ry Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2012 NATURE NEUROSCIENCE Vol.15 No.6
Activation of innate immune receptors by host-derived factors exacerbates CNS damage, but the identity of these factors remains elusive. We uncovered an unconventional role for the microRNA let-7, a highly abundant regulator of gene expression in the CNS, in which extracellular let-7 activates the RNA-sensing Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 and induces neurodegeneration through neuronal TLR7. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from individuals with Alzheimer's disease contains increased amounts of let-7b, and extracellular introduction of let-7b into the CSF of wild-type mice by intrathecal injection resulted in neurodegeneration. Mice lacking TLR7 were resistant to this neurodegenerative effect, but this susceptibility to let-7 was restored in neurons transfected with TLR7 by intrauterine electroporation of Tlr7<SUP>??/??</SUP> fetuses. Our results suggest that microRNAs can function as signaling molecules and identify TLR7 as an essential element in a pathway that contributes to the spread of CNS damage.
Elsaid Nada,Saied Ahmed,Joshi Krishna,Nelson Jessica,Baumgart John,Lopes Demetrius 대한신경중재치료의학회 2019 Neurointervention Vol.14 No.1
The aim of the study is to evaluate the hemodynamic changes and the parenchymal perfusion associated with carotid cavernous fistulas before and after embolization using two-dimensional (2D) parenchymal blood flow analysis. A 15-year-old boy presented with 2-month history of progressive right eye proptosis, chemosis, and diplopia after a motor vehicle accident. Intracranial liquid embolization using Onyx-18 through the inferior petrosal approach was done with balloon protection at the opening of the fistula in the internal carotid artery, resulting in complete occlusion of the fistula. Parenchymal blood flow analysis was done before and immediately after embolization. 2D parametric parenchymal blood flow analysis is newly introduced software that can provide data cannot be conveyed by conventional digital subtraction angiography alone. The software allows for objective assessment of the arterial steal and the parenchymal perfusion both pre, and post-embolization. Pre-embolization assessment may influence the therapeutic decision, while post-embolization assessment can evaluate the treatment efficacy.
Nelson, Michael T,Joksovic, Pavle M,Su, Peihan,Kang, Ho-Won,Van Deusen, Amy,Baumgart, Joel P,David, Laurence S,Snutch, Terrance P,Barrett, Paula Q,Lee, Jung-Ha,Zorumski, Charles F,Perez-Reyes, Edward Society for Neuroscience 2007 The Journal of neuroscience Vol.27 No.46
<P>T-type Ca2+ channels (T-channels) are involved in the control of neuronal excitability and their gating can be modulated by a variety of redox agents. Ascorbate is an endogenous redox agent that can function as both an anti- and pro-oxidant. Here, we show that ascorbate selectively inhibits native Ca(v)3.2 T-channels in peripheral and central neurons, as well as recombinant Ca(v)3.2 channels heterologously expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, by initiating the metal-catalyzed oxidation of a specific, metal-binding histidine residue in domain 1 of the channel. Our biophysical experiments indicate that ascorbate reduces the availability of Ca(v)3.2 channels over a wide range of membrane potentials, and inhibits Ca(v)3.2-dependent low-threshold-Ca2+ spikes as well as burst-firing in reticular thalamic neurons at physiologically relevant concentrations. This study represents the first mechanistic demonstration of ion channel modulation by ascorbate, and suggests that ascorbate may function as an endogenous modulator of neuronal excitability.</P>
Jonas F Schiemer,Axel Heimann,Karin H Somerlik-Fuchs,Roman Ruff,Klaus-Peter Hoffmann,Jan Baumgart,Manfred Berres,Hauke Lang,Werner Kneist 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2019 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.25 No.3
Background/AimsMotility disorders are common and may affect the entire gastrointestinal (GI) tract but current treatment is limited. Multilocularsensing of GI electrical activity and variable electrical stimulation (ES) is a promising option. The aim of our study is to investigate theeffects of adjustable ES on poststimulatory spike activities in 5 GI segments. MethodsSix acute porcine experiments were performed with direct ES by 4 ES parameter sets (30 seconds, 25 mA, 500 microseconds or1000 microseconds, 30 Hz or 130 Hz) applied through subserosal electrodes in the stomach, duodenum, ileum, jejunum, and colon. Multi-channel electromyography of baseline and post-stimulatory GI electrical activity were recorded for 3 minutes with hook needleand hook-wire electrodes. Spike activities were algorithmically calculated, visualized in a heat map, and tested for significance byPoisson analysis. ResultsPost-stimulatory spike activities were markedly increased in the stomach (7 of 24 test results), duodenum (8 of 24), jejunum (23 of24), ileum (18 of 24), and colon (5 of 24). ES parameter analysis revealed that 80.0% of the GI parts (all but duodenum) required apulse width of 1000 microseconds, and 60.0% (all but jejunum and colon) required 130 Hz frequency for maximum spike activity. Fivereaction patterns were distinguished, with 30.0% earlier responses (type I), 42.5% later or mixed type responses (type II, III, and X),and 27.5% non-significant responses (type 0). ConclusionsMultilocular ES with variable ES parameters is feasible and may significantly modulate GI electrical activity. Automatedelectromyography analysis revealed complex reaction patterns in the 5 examined GI segments.
System size dependence of associated yields in hadron-triggered jets
STAR Collaboration,Abelev, B.I.,Aggarwal, M.M.,Ahammed, Z.,Anderson, B.D.,Arkhipkin, D.,Averichev, G.S.,Balewski, J.,Barannikova, O.,Barnby, L.S.,Baudot, J.,Baumgart, S.,Beavis, D.R.,Bellwied, R.,Bene North-Holland Pub. Co 2010 Physics letters: B Vol.683 No.2
We present results on the system size dependence of high transverse momentum di-hadron correlations at s<SUB>NN</SUB>=200 GeV as measured by STAR at RHIC. Measurements in d+Au, Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions reveal similar jet-like near-side correlation yields (correlations at small angular separation -Δφ∼0, Δη∼0) for all systems and centralities. Previous measurements have shown that the away-side (Δφ∼π) yield is suppressed in heavy-ion collisions. We present measurements of the away-side suppression as a function of transverse momentum and centrality in Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions. The suppression is found to be similar in Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions at a similar number of participants. The results are compared to theoretical calculations based on the parton quenching model and the modified fragmentation model. The observed differences between data and theory indicate that the correlated yields presented here will further constrain dynamic energy loss models and provide information about the dynamic density profile in heavy-ion collisions.
Observation of an Antimatter Hypernucleus
Abelev, B. I.,Aggarwal, M. M.,Ahammed, Z.,Alakhverdyants, A. V.,Alekseev, I.,Anderson, B. D.,Arkhipkin, D.,Averichev, G. S.,Balewski, J.,Barnby, L. S.,Baumgart, S.,Beavis, D. R.,Bellwied, R.,Betancour American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2010 Science Vol.328 No.5974
Longitudinal spin transfer toΛandΛ¯hyperons in polarized proton-proton collisions ats=200 GeV
Abelev, B. I.,Aggarwal, M. M.,Ahammed, Z.,Alakhverdyants, A. V.,Anderson, B. D.,Arkhipkin, D.,Averichev, G. S.,Balewski, J.,Barannikova, O.,Barnby, L. S.,Baumgart, S.,Beavis, D. R.,Bellwied, R.,Benedo American Physical Society 2009 PHYSICAL REVIEW D - Vol.80 No.11