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Ravi Gautam,DaEun Lee,Anju Maharjan,Manju Acharya,JiHun Jo,HyunJi Park,YuBin Kim,Pramod Bahadur KC,Chang Yul Kim,HyoungAh Kim,JiMin Choi,SooMin Lim,YoungWoo Shin,SuBin Yang,Yong Heo 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7
Nanoparticles (NPs), fine particles ranging from 1 to 100 nm, are being used extensively in various fields including industry, agriculture, engineering. Nanoparticles also have become the imperative parts of cosmetic and dermal products owing to the higher benefits over their counter bulk particles. Manganese oxide (Mn2O3) and copper oxide (CuO) are used in cosmetics and dermal products owing to their UV protection and antimicrobial properties and also to make products transparent and aesthetically acceptable. Although Mn2O3 and CuO are used in consumer products that get exposed to the skin, their skin sensitization potential has not been well investigated. In this study we employed, Local lymph node assay: 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine-flow cytometry method (LLNA: BrdU-FCM) to predict the skin sensitization (SS) potential of nanoparticles. LLNA: BrdU-FCM is a method for screening of SS potential that addressed the activation and proliferation of T-lymphocytes, key event-4 (KE-4), on adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for SS. Mn2O3 (5%, 10%, and 25%), and CuO (5%, 10%, and 25 %) NPs were suspended in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for experimentation. AOO (acetone: olive oil = 4:1) and α-hexyl cinnamaldehyde were used as negative and positive control respectively. Mn2O3 and CuO NPs were both classified as non-sensitizer with maximum stimulation indices of 1.4 and 0.99 respectively. Although both NPs were classified as non-sensitizer using LLNA: BrdU-FCM, further assays addressing other KEs of AOP for SS could be carried out as confirmation and cautious use of products containing these nanoparticles is recommended as various studies have revealed their toxicity in vitro . This study was supported by the Korea National Research Foundation (grant number: 2020R1I1A3A0403650911) and the Ministry of Environment-Educational training program for the management of information on the hazards and risk of chemical substances.
Ravi Gautam,Ji Hun Jo,Ha Jung Han,Anju Maharjan,Manju Acharya,Da Eun Lee,Hyun Ji Park,Yu Bin Kim,Ji Sun Lee,Jin Ho Kim,Pramod Bahadur KC,Chang Yul Kim,Yong Heo 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7
Exposure to metal arsenic (As) has been proposed as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), which are neurodevelopmental disorders with worldwide increasing in its incidence. In the present study, BTBR T+tf/J (BTBR) mice with ASD-like behavioral characteristics and control highly social FVB mice were orally exposed to 0.1 mM arsenic (III) oxide for 4 wk, and were compared to investigate neuroimmunological or behavioral abnormalities. IgG1:IgG2a ratios in brain tissues from BTBR mice exposed to As (BTBR-As) were significantly higher than those of BTBR-control mice (BTBR-C), but this change did not occur in FVB mice exposed to As. Levels of IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-17, and TNF-α in brain tissue were lowered in BTBR-As relative to BTBR-C, but this tendency was not observed with FVB mice. BTBR-As mice demonstrated decrease in relative travel distance and time spent in the center vs. the periphery of open field arena compared to BTBR-C. Sociability evaluation using three-way chamber test did not clearly demonstrate As-mediated alteration in social interaction in BTBR mice. These findings suggest the potential for As-driven predominant T H2-like reactivity profile in the brain microenvironment of BTBR mice and for As-mediated locomotive impairment probably associated with ASD. This study was supported by research grant from Daegu Catholic University in 2019 and the Ministry of Environment-Educational training program for the management of information on the hazards and risk of chemical substances.
Gautam Vishwakarma,Ravi Prakash Sanyal,Abhijit Shitre,D. A. Gadekar,Ajay Saini,Bikram Kishore Das 한국작물학회 2019 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.22 No.4
Stem rust resistance gene Sr2 is an important slow-rusting gene which has provided resistance against stem rust for many years. The Sr2 gene has durable resistance against all stem rust pathogens including the Ug99 group of races. It shows recessive inheritance and is linked with two phenotypic markers, Pseudo Black Chaff (PBC) and High Temperature-Induced Seedling Chlorosis (HTISC). However, direct screening as well as phenotypic marker-based screening for selection of Sr2 is difficult due to the effect of environmental factors and genetic background. Microsatellite marker Xgwm533 linked to Sr2 gene is useful for rapid screening of large populations. Here we report validation and use of Xgwm533 for screening 21 wheat lines and 24 wheat genotypes for the presence of the Sr2 gene. Furthermore, we also report the presence of a new, smaller allele (97 bp) of Xgwm533 locus in a few genotypes that was also confirmed by sequencing. We also demonstrate a new SYBR green dye, melt-curve/profile-based assay for convenient screening of the Xgwm533 locus, where the presence of different alleles can be differentiated in a gel-free manner.
Electronic structure studies of Fe-doped ZnO nanorods by x-ray absorption fine structure
Gautam, Sanjeev,Kumar, Shalendra,Thakur, P,Chae, K H,Ravi Kumar,Koo, B H,Lee, C G Institute of Physics [etc.] 2009 Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics Vol.42 No.17
<P>We report the electronic structure studies of well-characterized polycrystalline Zn<SUB>1−<I>x</I></SUB>Fe<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>O(<I>x</I> = 0.0, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05) nanorods synthesized by a co-precipitation method using x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveals that Fe-doped ZnO crystallizes in a single phase wurtzite structure without any secondary phase. From the XRD pattern, it is observed that peak positions shift towards lower 2&thetas; value with Fe doping. The change in the peak positions with increase in Fe contents clearly indicates that Fe ions replace Zn ions in the ZnO matrix. Linear combination fittings at Fe <I>K</I>-edge demonstrate that Fe is in a mixed-valent state (Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>/Fe<SUP>2+</SUP>) with a ratio of ∼7 : 3 (Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> : Fe<SUP>2+</SUP>). XAFS data are successfully fitted to wurtzite structure using IFEFFIT and Artemis. The results indicate that Fe substitutes Zn site in the ZnO matrix in tetrahedral symmetry.</P>
Angioleiomyoma masquerading as shoulder pain
Surekh Ravi,Lazar J Chandy,Gautam Kumar,Biju Jacob,Ami M Emmanuel 대한견주관절의학회 2021 대한견주관절의학회지 Vol.24 No.1
Angioleiomyoma is a benign soft tissue tumor originating from vascular smooth muscle. We report a case of a 20-year-old student who presented with pain in the right shoulder of 4 years duration. Shoulder movements were pain-free throughout the range of motion except resisted external rotation. Magnetic resonance imaging visualized a well-circumscribed lesion over the infraspinatus tendon. The lesion was surgically removed and sent for histopathological analysis. Morphology and immunohistochemistry results were suggestive of angioleiomyoma. The most common location for such a lesion is the lower limb, with less than 1% being reported in the upper arm, of which an angioleiomyoma of the shoulder is extremely rare.
화학물질들의 면역독성 모니터링을 위한 THP-1 수지상세포주 활용
( Manju Acharya ),( Ravi Gautam ),( Anju Maharjan ),조지훈 ( Ji-hun Jo ),이다은 ( Daeun Lee ),박현지 ( Hyunji Park ),김유빈 ( Yubin Kim ),박성민 ( Sungmin Park ),허용 ( Yong Heo ) 대구가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 2020 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.18 No.1
Alternative test methods have been developed for various areas of toxicologic evaluation including skin sensitization or irritation, eye irritation, genotoxicity, or carcinogenicity. Whereas, alternative test method, especially based on in vitro approach, for screening immunotoxic substances was not actively challenged and therein, no test guideline has not been officialized internationally. THP-1 dendritic cell line was chosen for developing in vitro alternative test method for screening immunotoxic chemical or medicinal substances. Regarding major pathway for immune suppression or non-specific immune enhancement, antigen presenting cell is considered as most important target immune cells. Two test substances representing immune-enhancement(ribavirin) or immune-suppression (cyclophosphamide) were tested whether production of cytokines or chemokines is differentially modulated through supplementation of 0.01x, 0.1x, and 0.5x 75% cell viability(CV75) concentration of those compounds. Cell culture supernatants were collected at 24 h after the activation with 1 ㎍/㎖ lipopolysaccharide. Relative cytokine production levels (% versus each vehicle control, RCPL) were calculated. Production of all 27 cytokines evaluated was confirmed, which included IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7,IL-8, IL-9,IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, Eatoxin, FGF basic, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFNγ, IP-10, MCP-1, PDGF-BB, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, RANTES, TNFα, VEGF. Treatment of ribavirin demonstrated all the RCPL values over 100% at 0.01x and 0.1x CV75 concentration. Treatment of cyclosphosphamide demonstrated the RCPL values below 100%except IL-12(0.01x), IL-13(0.1x), MCP-1(0.01x), TNFα (0.01x, 0.1x, and 0.5x), and VEGF(0.01x, 0.1x, and 0.5x). This findings suggest that THP-1 cell line is a valuable cell line to develop an in vitro alternative test method for screening immunotoxic chemical substances.
비육돈사 공기중 분진 수준에 대한 시계열적 분석 및 돈사내외부 분진 수준 비교분석
김형아,김창열,Ravi Gautam,양수정,Manju Acharya,조지훈,Anju Maharjan,신소정,송은섭,이윤범,김효철,김경란,이경숙,허용 한국환경보건학회 2019 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.45 No.6
Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the secular changes in indoor airborne dust or endotoxin levels in the dust from swine confinement buildings. Indoor levels were compared with the level at the exhaust outlet in order to examine the contribution potential of indoor dust to nearby ambient air dust. Methods: Comparisons were made on inhalable and respirable dust levels reported in 2002, 2012, and 2017 from 14, 10, and 36 swine fattening confinement buildings in Korea, respectively. This data was produced by the same research group. Levels of endotoxin adsorbed into inhalable or respirable dust were also compared. Samples of inhalable or respirable dust were collected indoors and at exhaust outlets from 17 swine fattening confinement buildings in 2019, and dust levels were compared between the indoor and the outlet. Results: The outlet inhalable dust level (0.111 mg/m3 ) was approximately 19% of that from indoors, and the respirable dust level (0.033 mg/m3 ) was approximately 74% of that from indoors. The outlet respirable dust levels were lower than the airborne fine dust levels in the towns where those farms are located. No significant difference was observed in the inhalable dust levels among the years examined, but the respirable dust level in 2017 (0.143 mg/m3 ) was significantly lower than in 2002 (0.328 mg/m3 ). The level of endotoxin in inhalable dust was significantly higher in 2017 (722 EU/m3 ) than in both 2002 (75 EU/m3 ) and 2012 (171 EU/m3 ). Conclusion: Even though no apparent contribution from swine farm indoor dust to nearby ambient air dust was observed in terms of amount, a certain control strategy to reduce the production of airborne dust and endotoxin from swine farms is merited.