certainty and Dependence Analysis of Performance Limit State for Structural Multidimensional Fragility Evaluation

Qi’ang Wang,Ziyan Wu,Lu Liu 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.21 No.4

Considering uncertainty and dependence of performance limit states (PLSs), the study addresses a methodology to evaluate multidimensional fragility. The purpose is to identify the PLS uncertainty quantitatively. The dependence between each PLS parameters is also investigated. The limit state band is firstly proposed to describe the bi-dimensional case. Through interval estimation, the band area with a certain confidence level is determined. A reinforcement concrete bridge is used as example to illustrate the proposed approach for developing fragility curves. PLS threshold samples are obtained to formulate limit state function using incremental dynamic analysis. The study investigates the sensitivity of the method for fragility assessment when different confidence levels are considered. In addition, influence of correlation coefficient between PLSs is evaluated. Results show that a fragility interval is obtained with the introduction of limit state band. The interval length decreases as with the reduction of the confidence level. The probability of failure becomes smaller when the dependence between PLSs is ignored, which will result in overestimation of the structural seismic performance

Structural System Reliability Analysis Based on Improved Explicit Connectivity BNs

Qi’ang Wang,Ziyan Wu 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.3

The study proposes an improved Explicit Connectivity Bayesian Networks (ECBNs) for system reliability assessment. The framework combines Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with the traditional ECBNs. AHP is adopted to consider probabilistic dependencies between system components. Judgment matrix is constructed and weight vector, which meets the requirement of a random consistency check, is extracted to describe a conditional probability information of BNs intermediate nodes. The framework is especially suitable for the system with rare damage filed data. In addition, considering the multiple failure modes for the system component, the multi-dimensional Performance Limit State (PLS) function is proposed to estimate the marginal probability for the BNs root nodes. PLSs are properly modeled as interdependent random variables instead of deterministic quantities. Failing to properly account for the dependencies between PLSs, the non-conservative failure probability results will be obtained. Finally, the system reliability can be calculated through the BNs Junction Tree forward inference algorithm, and the most vulnerable components in the system can be identified through backward diagnose inference. The improved ECBNs theory is first applied to the system reliability evaluation for a reinforced concrete bridge to verify its validity.

Multivariate Probabilistic Seismic Demand Model for the Bridge Multidimensional Fragility Analysis

Qi’ang Wang,Ziyan Wu,Shukui Liu 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.22 No.9

Seismic fragility analysis for bridges is an essential issue for risk assessment of transportation networks exposed to seismic hazards. Considering multiple Performance Limit States (PLSs) and seismic demand parameters, the study proposes a multidimensional fragility evaluation methodology for engineering structures, and the objective of the paper is to show that the uncertainty and dependence between seismic demand parameters should be considered for fragility analysis. Thus, a new Probabilistic Seismic Demand Model (PSDM) following multivariate logarithmic normal distribution is addressed. Taking PLS correlation into consideration, multidimensional PLS formula is constructed to identify the structural failure domain. A RC bridge is studied to show the proposed theory. To consider bridge column plastic deformation and bearing nonlinear characteristic, nonlinear dynamic analyses are carried out. The bridge multidimensional fragility curves are derived and compared with fragility curves for an individual component. Results indicate that uncertainty and dependence of demand parameters can be properly dealt with by the multivariate PSDM. The multidimensional fragility is higher than fragility of any individual component, and the bridge as a system is more fragile. The ignorance of multiple components contribution to the system will generate an overestimation for the whole structural performance, which is adverse to engineering structural safety.

Effectiveness of Chelator Washing of Acid-Contaminated Soils and Potential Risk of Edta Leaching to Groundwater

Qi-Tang Wu,Xiaofang Guo,Zebin Wei,Xinxian Long 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

THREE DIMENSIONAL UNSTEADY SIMULATION OF A MODEL FRANCIS HYDRAULIC TURBINE

Qi Shao,Yulin Wu,Shuhong Liu,Weizhang Wu,Xingming Tao 한국전산유체공학회 2003 한국전산유체공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.10

Brainstem Congestion due to Dural Ateriovenous Fistula at the Craniocervical Junction

Wu, Qi,Wang, Han-Dong,Shin, Yong Sam,Zhang, Xin The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2014 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.55 No.3

Dural ateriovenous fistula (DAVF) at the craniocervical junction is rare. We report a patient presenting with brainstem dysfunction as an uncommon onset. Brainstem lesion was suggested by magnetic resonance image study. Angiogram revealed a DAVF at a high cervical segment supplied by the meningeal branch of the right vertebral artery, with ascending and descending venous drainage. Complete obliteration of the fistula was achieved via transarterial Onyx embolization. Clinical cure was achieved in the follow-up period; meanwhile, imaging abnormalities of this case disappeared. Accordingly, we hypothesize that a brainstem lesion of this case was caused by craniocervical DAVF, which induced venous hypertension. Thus, venous drainage patterns should be paid attention to because they are important for diagnosis and theraputic strategy.

Beneficial effects of andrographolide in a rat model of autoimmune myocarditis and its effects on PI3K/Akt pathway

Qi Zhang,Li-qun Hu,Hong-qi Li,Jun Wu,Na-na-Bian,Guang Yan 대한약리학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.23 No.2

The study is to investigate effects of andrographolide on experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM). Lewis rats were immunized on day 0 with porcine cardiac myosin to establish EAM. The EAM rats were treated with either andrographolide (25, 50, 100 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 21 days. An antigen-specific splenocytes proliferation assay was performed by using the cells from control rats immunized with cardiac myosin. Survival rates, myocardial pathology and myocardial functional parameters (left ventricle end-diastolic pressure, ± dP/dt and left ventricular internal dimension) of EAM rats received andrographolide were significantly improved. Andrographolide treatment caused an decrease in the infiltration of CD3+ and CD14+ positive cells in myocardial tissue. Moreover, andrographolide treatment caused a reduction in the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-17 (IL-17) and myosin-antibody, and an increase in the level of IL-10 in EAM rats. Oral administration of andrographolide resulted in the decreased expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt without any change of PI3K and Akt. Further results indicate andrographolide significantly inhibited myosin-induced proliferation in splenocytes, and this effect was inhibited by co-treatment of SC79 (Akt activator). Our data indicate andrographolide inhibits development of EAM, and this beneficial effect may be due to powerful anti-inflammatory activity and inhibitory effect on PI3K/Akt pathway.

중국 주택가격 형성요인에 관한 연구

무기혜(Qi Hui Wu),김형근(Hyung Keun Kim) 대한부동산학회 2022 大韓不動産學會誌 Vol.40 No.2

칭다오시(靑島市)는 산동성(山東省)의 부성급도시(副省级市)로서 산동성의 주요 도시 중 하나이며 항구도시로서 한국과의 교류가 활발하게 이루어지는 도시이다. 본 연구는 칭다오시의 주택시장을 분석하고 칭다오시의 주택가격 형성요인을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 칭다오시 주택가격형성요인을 분석하기 위한 모형은 헤도닉 가격모형을 사용하였다. 자료의 공간적 범위는 스난구. 스베이구. 리창구. 라오상구. 청양구. 황다오구의 6개 구를 대상으로 하며 시간적 범위는 2014년부터 2016년까지 거래된 주택을 대상으로 한다. 칭다오 주택가격에 영향을 미치는 주택특성을 지역특성, 단지특성, 세대특성, 입지특성으로 구분하였으며 주요 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 먼저 지역특성에서 스난구나 스베이구나 리창구, 라오산구에 위치한 주택의 가격은 다른 지역의 주택보다 가격이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이들 지역은 칭다오시의 주요 중심지역이거나 고급 주거지역으로 주택 수요자들의 주거선호 도가 높기 때문이다. 둘째, 단지특성에서는 단지의 총세대수가 많을수록, 경과연수가 짧을수 록, 주택을 건설한 시행사가 유명 시행사일 경우에 주택의 가격이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 세대특성에서는 공급면적이 클수록, 세대의 향이 남향이거나 남북향인 경우 가겨이 높게 나타났다. 마지막으로 입지특성에서는 공원 또는 버스정류장과의 거리가 짧거나 지하철과 인접하여 위치하는 주택의 가격이 높은 것으로 나타났다. Qingdao City is main city of Shandong Province along with Jinan City, one of Shandong Province's major cities. As the interest of the housing market is increasing, studies on Chinese real estate are also being actively conducted. However, the reserch on the housing price in Qingdao is relatively insufficient. The purpose of this study is to analyze the housing market in Qingdao and to analyze the formation factors for housing price in Qingdao. Hedonic price model was used as a model to analyze the housing price formation factors in Qingdao City, and data were collected from China's major housing trading site, Soupang Mang. The subjects of the study were six districts: Shinan, Shibei, Licang, Laoshan, Chengyang and Huangdao District. and the time range is for houses traded from 2014 to 2016. Housing characteristics affecting Qingdao housing prices are divided into regional characteristics, complex characteristics, household characteristics, and location characteristics. The main analysis results are as follows. First, in the regional characteristics, the prices of houses located in Shinan, Shibei, Licang, and Laoshan district were higher than those in other regions. Second, in the characteristics of the complex, the more the total number of households in the complex, the shorter the elapsed years, the more famous the contractor who built the house, the house has a higher price. Third, in the characteristics of the household, the larger the supply area, the higher the price when the household's scent is south or south. Lastly, in terms of location characteristics, it was found that the distance from the park or bus stop is short, or the prices of houses located close to the subway are high.

Beneficial effects of andrographolide in a rat model of autoimmune myocarditis and its effects on PI3K/Akt pathway

Zhang, Qi,Hu, Li-qun,Li, Hong-qi,Wu, Jun,Bian, Na-na,Yan, Guang The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2019 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.23 No.2

The study is to investigate effects of andrographolide on experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM). Lewis rats were immunized on day 0 with porcine cardiac myosin to establish EAM. The EAM rats were treated with either andrographolide (25, 50, 100 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 21 days. An antigen-specific splenocytes proliferation assay was performed by using the cells from control rats immunized with cardiac myosin. Survival rates, myocardial pathology and myocardial functional parameters (left ventricle end-diastolic pressure, ${\pm}dP/dt$ and left ventricular internal dimension) of EAM rats received andrographolide were significantly improved. Andrographolide treatment caused an decrease in the infiltration of $CD3^+$ and $CD14^+$ positive cells in myocardial tissue. Moreover, andrographolide treatment caused a reduction in the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-17 (IL-17) and myosin-antibody, and an increase in the level of IL-10 in EAM rats. Oral administration of andrographolide resulted in the decreased expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt without any change of PI3K and Akt. Further results indicate andrographolide significantly inhibited myosin-induced proliferation in splenocytes, and this effect was inhibited by co-treatment of SC79 (Akt activator). Our data indicate andrographolide inhibits development of EAM, and this beneficial effect may be due to powerful anti-inflammatory activity and inhibitory effect on PI3K/Akt pathway.

쉬저우박물관의 한(漢)화상석 문화상품 디자인 융합 개발 전략

우치(Wu, Qi),송만용(Song, Man Yong) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2020 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.38 No.5

쉬저우는 중국 한(漢)문화의 발원지 중의 하나이며, 한(漢)화상석은 당시 특색성을 지닌 역사 문물이다. 한(漢)화상석은 본래 망자를 기리는 제사용 예술품이었다. 한(漢)화상석과 화상전(畵像砖)은 당시 매장용 건축의 일부로서, 한대(漢代)의 장례 의식과 민간 신앙을 구체적으로 보여주고 있다. 유쾌했던 현실의 삶도 사후세계로 가져가고 싶어하는 다양한 소재를 담고 있지만 한(漢)화상석을 이용한 문화상품 개발 사례는 드물다. 그래서 여전히 연구의 의미가 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 한(漢)화상석을 활용한 쉬저우박물관의 문화상품을 개발 하는데에 있어 무엇이 필요하며 어떤 부분을 고려 및 강조하여야만 하는지에 대하여 살펴보고자 한다. 또 한(漢)화상석과 박물관 문화상품에 대한 문헌고찰과 한(漢)화상석 주제의 선호도를 조사하여 세 가지 문제를 연구하였다. 첫째, 한(漢)화상석 문화상품을 선택할 경우 디자인에 대한 선호도가 높을 것이다. 둘째, 한(漢)화상석 문양에서 동물문양을 선호할 것이다. 셋째, 한(漢)화상석을 활용한 문화상품 중 패키지 제품을 선호할 것이다. 결과 전통문화를 이용한 문화상품을 제작하려면 과거의 양식에서 벗어나 현재적 가치 혹은 스토리텔링을 만들어야만 한다는 사실을 알게 되었다. Xuzhou is the birthplace of Chinese Han culture, and The Han relief stones was characteristic historical relics at that time. The Han relief stones was originally a sacrificial art to commemorate the dead. The exhibition of stone portraits and portraits of the Han Dynasty was part of the burial building at that time, specifically showing the funeral rituals and folk beliefs of the Han Dynasty. Although the book contains a variety of materials to bring a pleasant real life into the afterlife, but there are few cases of developing cultural products using images of Han relief stones. Therefore, the research is still meaningful. The purpose of this research is to study what is needed to develop cultural products in Xuzhou Museum by using Han relief stones carvings, and which aspects need to be considered and emphasized. In addition, the literature review of the Han relief stones and museum cultural developing and the investigation of the preference of the theme of the Han relief stones were studied 3 questions. First, if you choose Han relief stones carving cultural products, you will be very fond of design. The second is the pattern of Han relief stones, which prefers animal patterns. Third, among the cultural products that use Han relief stones, they will choose a package. In the end, it was discovered that if we want to use traditional culture to make cultural products, we must get rid of past models and create current values or stories.