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THE ETIOLOGY OF INTELLIGENCE ON JUVENILE DELINQUENCY USING A LOGISTIC REGRESSION
Tammy Nickell,조역일,이완희 한국치안행정학회 2017 한국치안행정논집 Vol.14 No.3
The present study disentangled the genuine effect of verbal IQ as well as each of the control variables (age, gender, and race) on juvenile delinquency. A final sample size of 422, 10- to 12-year-old youths from the Children of the National Survey of Youth 79 secondary data were used. We employed a logistic regression analysis, reporting that the main independent variable, IQ, and two of the three control variables (gender and race) were predictive of juvenile delinquency. The current study took on great importance because it further extended our knowledge of the biological theory which
임창성,Hubertus Nickel 한국결정성장학회 1995 韓國結晶成長學會誌 Vol.5 No.2
SiC/Co 반응커플을 Ar/4 vol% $H_2$분위기하에서 $950^{\circ}C$에서 $1250^{\circ}C$ 범위에서 4시간에서 100시간까지 열처리하였다. $950^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서의 고상반응으로 여러 가지 규소화물과 탄소석출이 형성되었다. 이 반응 zone에 있어서의 전형적인 반응층의 순서는 $SiC/CoSi + C/Co_2Si + C/Co_2Si/Co_2Si + C/{\cdots\cdots}/Co_2Si/Co$이었다. 그리고 탄소 석출거동을 동반한 주기적인 띠구조의 형성기구가 반응운동학과 열역학적인 고찰을 통하여 조사되어졌고 논하여졌다. 이 반응의 zone의 서장은 시간의 함수관계를 가지며 이러한 반응운동학이 반응상수의 측정을 통하여 제시되어진다. 또한 microhardness 측정을 통하여 반응 zone의 기계적인 물성이 조사되어졌다. Reaction coulples of SiC with cobalt were annealed in an Ar/4 vol% $H_2$ atmosphere at temperatures between $950^{\circ}C$ and $1250^{\circ}C$for various times between 4 and 100 h. At temperatures above $950^{\circ}C$, solid state reactions lead to the formation of various silicides with carbon precipitates. The typical reaction layer sequence was $SiC/CoSi + C/CozSi + C/CozSi/CozSi + C/{\cdot\cdot\}/CO_2Si/CO$ in the reaction zone. The mechanism of the periodic band structure formation with the carbon precipitation behaviour was examined and discussed in terms of reaction kinetics and thermodynamic considerations. The growth of the reaction zone has a square root of time dependence. The reaction kinetics is proposed to estimate the effective reaction constant from the parabolic gowth of the reaction zone. The mechanical properties of the reaction zones were determined by the microhardness test.
Youth delinquency in America: A growth curve analysis
조역일,Tammy Nickell 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2016 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.6 No.10
Why do some youngsters commit delinquent behaviors while others do not? To answer this research question, there has been a tsunami of academic studies on the risk factors that may have an effect on juvenile delinquency. Most of the studies, however, used a snap-shot approach, making it difficult to clarify the temporal order between variables. As such, the current study filled the gap in the literature by employing a growth curve model to look into the longitudinal link between each of predictor variables (anxiety, age, gender, and race) and delinquency. The longitudinal design targeted around 2,000 youngsters surveyed from 2006 to 2010 in the Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (C-NLSY). We found that the gender was associated with the intercept factor of the delinquency trajectory among the American juveniles. What was more, the race was related to both intercept and slope factors. Study limitations for the present study, implications for criminological theories, and recommendations for future research were discussed.
Magneto-static Modeling from Sunrise/IMaX: Application to an Active Region Observed with Sunrise II
Wiegelmann, T.,Neukirch, T.,Nickeler, D. H.,Solanki, S. K.,Barthol, P.,Gandorfer, A.,Gizon, L.,Hirzberger, J.,Riethmü,ller, T. L.,Noort, M. van,Rodrí,guez, J. Blanco,Iniesta, J. C. Del Toro American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Supplement series Vol.229 No.1
<P>Magneto-static models may overcome some of the issues facing force-free magnetic field extrapolations. So far they have seen limited use and have faced problems when applied to quiet-Sun data. Here we present a first application to an active region. We use solar vector magnetic field measurements gathered by the IMaX polarimeter during the flight of the SUNRISE balloon-borne solar observatory in 2013 June as boundary conditions for a magneto-static model of the higher solar atmosphere above an active region. The IMaX data are embedded in active region vector magnetograms observed with SDO/HMI. This work continues our magneto-static extrapolation approach, which was applied earlier to a quiet-Sun region observed with SUNRISE I. In an active region the signal-to-noise-ratio in the measured Stokes parameters is considerably higher than in the quiet-Sun and consequently the IMaX measurements of the horizontal photospheric magnetic field allow us to specify the free parameters of the model in a special class of linear magneto-static equilibria. The high spatial resolution of IMaX (110-130 km, pixel size 40 km) enables us to model the non-force-free layer between the photosphere and the mid-chromosphere vertically by about 50 grid points. In our approach we can incorporate some aspects of the mixed beta layer of photosphere and chromosphere, e.g., taking a finite Lorentz force into account, which was not possible with lower-resolution photospheric measurements in the past. The linear model does not, however, permit us to model intrinsic nonlinear structures like strongly localized electric currents.</P>
윤정희,Marcel Dominik Nickel,Johannes M. Peeters,Jeong Min Lee 대한영상의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.20 No.12
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in abdominal imaging. The high contrast resolution offered by MRI provides better lesion detection and its capacity to provide multiparametric images facilitates lesion characterization more effectively than computed tomography. However, the relatively long acquisition time of MRI often detrimentally affects the image quality and limits its accessibility. Recent developments have addressed these drawbacks. Specifically, multiphasic acquisition of contrast-enhanced MRI, free-breathing dynamic MRI using compressed sensing technique, simultaneous multi-slice acquisition for diffusion-weighted imaging, and breath-hold three-dimensional magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography are recent notable advances in this field. This review explores the aforementioned state-of-theart techniques by focusing on their clinical applications and potential benefits, as well as their likely future direction.
Oschatz, M.,Lee, J. T.,Kim, H.,Nickel, W.,Borchardt, L.,Cho, W. I.,Ziegler, C.,Kaskel, S.,Yushin, G. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.2 No.41
<▼1><P>Hierarchical micro- and mesoporous CDC materials prepared by sacrificial templating with high performance in lithium–sulfur battery cathodes are presented.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Polymer-based carbide-derived carbons (CDCs) with combined micro- and mesopores are prepared by an advantageous sacrificial templating approach using poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) spheres as the pore forming material. Resulting CDCs reveal uniform pore size and pore shape with a specific surface area of 2434 m<SUP>2</SUP> g<SUP>−1</SUP> and a total pore volume as high as 2.64 cm<SUP>3</SUP> g<SUP>−1</SUP>. The bimodal CDC material is a highly attractive host structure for the active material in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery cathodes. It facilitates the utilization of high molarity electrolytes and therefore the cells exhibit good rate performance and stability. The cathodes in the 5 M lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) electrolyte show the highest discharge capacities (up to 1404 mA h gs<SUP>−1</SUP>) and capacity retention (72% after 50 cycles at C/5). The unique network structure of the carbon host enables uniform distribution of sulfur through the conductive media and at the same time it facilitates rapid access for the electrolyte to the active material.</P></▼2>