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Giridhar Babu, A.,Wu, Xiaoge,Kabra, Akhil N.,Kim, Dong-Pyo Elsevier 2017 Algal research Vol.23 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Nitrogen starvation promotes lipid accumulation in microalgal cells, but leads to low biomass production which directly influences the lipid yield. Growth stimulators may activate simultaneous increase in biomass and metabolite productivity under nutrition stress conditions. In this work, the dual effect of phytohormone (indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), diethyl aminoethyl hexonate (DA-6)) supplementation and nitrogen limitation conditions on the biomass and lipid production of an indigenous microalga <I>Chlorella sorokiniana</I> DPK-5 was thoroughly investigated by monitoring the fatty acid compositions, oxidative stress alleviation and anti-oxidative defense system, including gene expression level. The optimized concertation of IAA (10<SUP>−5</SUP> M) or DA-6 (10<SUP>−9</SUP> M) were applied under a series of N limitation in range 100% to 12.5% to promote the both biomass and lipid production of DPK-5. Interestingly, very minimal dose of IAA and DA-6 under 50% N concentration produced the highest biomass productivity of 201mg/L/d (22% increase) and 236mg/L/d (43% increase) from the control (166mg/L/d), leading to outstanding lipid productivity of 69mg/L/d (49% increase) and 86mg/L/d (84% increase) from the control (32mg/L/d). In addition, abundance of saturated fatty acid (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) as a measurement of biodiesel quality were also enhanced. Furthermore, it was proven that treatment with IAA and DA-6 induced the activity of antioxidants enzymes, which protect cells from damages caused by abiotic stresses. In addition, the intracellular levels of RuBisCO and ACCase were considerably up-regulated by IAA and DA-6 under N limitation. These findings indicate that hormone addition-based autotrophic-N limitation is a promising cultivation strategy to improve the lipid production potential of microalgae without substantial loss in biomass for generation of high quality biodiesel.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We evaluate the effect of phytohormones on metabolic changes under N limitations. </LI> <LI> Indole acetic acid and diethyl aminoethyl hexonate enhance biomass production. </LI> <LI> They enhance lipid production and drive accumulation patterns of fatty acids. </LI> <LI> Alleviate oxidative stress and protect from lipid peroxidation. </LI> <LI> Upregulate the expression of CO<SUB>2</SUB> fixation and lipid synthesis genes. </LI> </UL> </P>
M. Vijay Sekhar Babu,N. Ashokkumar,Anjali Joshi,Pallavi Sagar Deshpande,Ismail Keshta,Renato R. Maaliw III 대한공간정보학회 2024 Spatial Information Research Vol.32 No.2
The Publisher has retracted this article in agreement with the Editor-in-Chief. The article was submitted to be part of a guest-edited issue. An investigation by the publisher found a number of articles, including this one, with a number of concerns, including but not limited to compromised editorial handling and peer review process, inappropriate or irrelevant references or not being in scope of the journal or guest-edited issue. Based on the investigation's fndings the publisher, in consultation with the Editor-in-Chief therefore no longer has confdence in the results and conclusions of this article. Authors N. Ashokkumar, Anjali Joshi, Pallavi Sagar Deshpande and Renato R. Maaliw III disagree with this retraction. Author M. Vijay Sekhar Babu has not responded to correspondence regarding this retraction. The publisher has been unable to obtain a current email address for author Ismail Keshta. The online version of this article contains the full text of the retracted article as Supplementary Information.
Influence of Salt Permeants on The Swelling and Strength Behavior of Fibre Treated Black Cotton Soil
N. Mahesh Babu,Anil Kumar Mishra 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.6
Due to the limited availability of the bentonite in India, this investigation was initiated to check the suitability of using black cotton (BC) soil for liner application. Since, the waste tires, which are a major environmental concern, is mixed with the balck cotton soil as reinforcement material to reduce the desiccation cracks caused by shrinkage of the soil. As the salts present in leachate alter the liner material's geotechnical properties, the tire fibre mixed black cotton soil were tested for swelling and strength in the presence of various concentration of NaCl and CaCl2 salts. For this investigation, three different percentages of tire fibres (5, 10, and 15%) and two concentrations of salt permeants (i.e., 0.1 and 1N) were selected. The result indicated a reduction in the swelling and strength of BC soil with the addition of tire fibres. This reduction becomes pronounced with the higher concentration of various permeant salts. The swelling time of fibre-treated soils is reduced with the rise in concentrations from the time-swell relationship. According to unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test data, the ductile behaviour of soil sample increased with addition of fibre content. Finally, results suggested that the acceptance of tire fibre content for liner application is up to 10%, including different salt effects.
N. Babu,S. Sujatha,S. Narayanan,V. Balamurugan 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.3
Achieving stability of unmanned, heavy tracked vehicles is challenging, especially under conditions of teleoperation because the remote operator cannot predict the dynamics of the vehicle. This paper proposes a new stability approach that can predict vehicle behavior in real-time and identify the dynamic input parameters that must be controlled to ensure stability and safety of the vehicle during teleoperation. The spatial kinematics and dynamics of tracked locomotion are computed using robotic approach in the form of decomposed serial manipulators and are then combined using suitable kinematic and dynamic constraints. A new stability study approach is presented for computing Multiple zero moment point (MZMP) for the robot since the robot consists of many serial manipulator systems. The stability margins obtained using the relationship between MZMP and combined Zero moment point (ZMP) provides additional information to identify the dynamic parameters that affect stability in the unmanned tracked vehicle during real-time control scenarios.
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor: a Potential Marker for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
Babu, Spoorthy N.,Chetal, Gaurav,Kumar, Sudhir Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.5
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pluripotent cytokine which plays roles in inflammation, immune responses and cancer development. It assists macrophages in carrying out functions like phagocytosis, adherence and motility. Of late, MIF is implicated in almost all stages of neoplasia and expression is a feature of most types of cancer. The presence of MIF in almost all tumors and all stages of cancer makes it an interesting candidate for cancer therapy. This review explores the roles of MIF in neoplasia.
A Synchrophasor-Based Line Protection for Single Phase-Ground Faults
Babu N. V. Phanendra,Babu P. Suresh,Roy Saptarshi,Babu T. Sudhakar,Bharadwaj Anil 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.3
Synchrophasor measurement data enhances the transmission line protection. This paper proposes an improved line protection against single phase-ground faults using synchronized phasor data. This algorithm prevents the relay mal-operation caused by high fault resistance. This algorithm calculates the phase difference between relay point voltage and fault point voltage based on the relation between negative sequence of relay point current and fault point current. After, the calculated phase difference between relay point voltage and fault point voltage will be compared with set point voltage phase referred from the relay point voltage phase. The fault detection action will be taken according to a certain phase difference relation between fault point voltage and set point voltage. This method is then applied to a practical single machine single line system. The results show that the suggested algorithm could determine in-line faults accurately with less computational time. It also has proved that this method is immune to the fault resistance, system conditions.
Improving Forecast Accuracy of Wind Speed Using Wavelet Transform and Neural Networks
Ramesh Babu. N,Arulmozhivarman. P 대한전기학회 2013 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.8 No.3
In this paper a new hybrid forecast method composed of wavelet transform and neural network is proposed to forecast the wind speed more accurately. In the field of wind energy research, accurate forecast of wind speed is a challenging task. This will influence the power system scheduling and the dynamic control of wind turbine. The wind data used here is measured at 15 minute time intervals. The performance is evaluated based on the metrics, namely, mean square error, mean absolute error, sum squared error of the proposed model and compared with the back propagation model. Simulation studies are carried out and it is reported that the proposed model outperforms the compared model based on the metrics used and conclusions were drawn appropriately.