배추 시스테인 단백질 분해 효소 억제 유전자 BCPI-1의 발현과 종자 발아 및 유묘 생장과의 연관성

홍준기,이은영,김정률,양경애,최영주,정우식,김호일,윤대진,이상열,조무제,임체오 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2003 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2003 No.-

Phytocystatins are protein inhibitors of cysteine proteinases of the papain family that have been identified in both monocot and dicot plants. A cDNA encoding a phytocystatin, BCPI-1 (Brassica Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitor-1) has been isolated from Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis) flower buds. Here, we tested whether BCPI-1 transcription is regulated by hormones, and could be involved in regulating cysteine proteinases during and after germination. BCPI-1 was sensitive to exogenous GA_(3) and ABA, which are important factors controlling seed germination, suggesting that the expression of BCPI-1 is hormonally regulated. We introduced a recombinant plasmid containing the full-length BCPI-1 cDNA under the control of cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter into rice embryogenic calli using the particle delivery method, and regenerated a number of transgenic rice plants. Constitutively over-expressed BCPI-1 caused changes in overall plant growth and development, including reduced germination and seedling growth. These data support the role of the BCPI-1 in the regulation of endogenous proteinases during both seed germination and subsequent seedling development. Phylocystatins은 papain계열의 cysteine 단백질 분해 효소 활성을 특이적으로 억제하는 억제자로 다양한 식물 종으로부터 분리되었다. 본고에서는, 배추 화아 cDNA library로부터 분리된 phytocystatin인 BCPI-1(Brassica Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitor-1)의 생체 내 기능에 대해 연구하였다. 먼저, BCPI-1 전사체는 발아 조절에 중요한 영향을 미치는 GA₃와 ABA에 의해 예민하게 증가, 혹은 감소되는 반응을 보임으로써, BCPI-1이 식물 호르몬의 영향을 받으며, 특히 발아나 유묘의 생장 조절에 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다. Particle bombardment 방법을 통하여 BCPI-1을 벼의 배 형성 세포 내에 도입, 재분화 시켜 형질 전환 벼를 생성하였다. CaMV 35S promoter의 조절에 의해 지속적인 BCPI-1 발현을 보이는 형질 전환 벼의 경우, 발아와 유묘 생장이 현저히 지연되었다. 위의 결과들을 바탕으로, BCPI-1이 식물체 내에서 생성되는 cysteine 계열의 단밸질 분해 효소 활성을 조절하여 종자의 발아와 유묘의 생장에 영향을 미치는 것으로 추측한다.

A composite crack model for concrete based on meshless method

Lu, Xin-Zheng,Jiang, Jian-Jing,Ye, Lie-Ping Techno-Press 2006 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.23 No.3

A crack model for the fracture in concrete based on meshless method is proposed in this paper. The cracks in concrete are classified into micro-cracks or macro-cracks respectively according to their widths, and different numerical approaches are adopted for them. The micro-cracks are represented with smeared crack approach whilst the macro-cracks are represented with discrete cracks that are made up with additional nodes and boundaries. The widely used meshless method, Element-free Galerkin method, is adopted instead of finite element method to model the concrete, so that the discrete crack approach is easier to be implemented with the convenience of arranging node distribution in the meshless method. Rotating-Crack-Model is proved to be preferred over Fixed-Crack-Model for the smeared cracks of this composite crack model due to its better performance on mesh bias. Numerical examples show that this composite crack model can take advantage of the positive characteristics in the smeared and discrete approaches, and overcome some of their disadvantages.

Optimization and application of multiple tuned mass dampers in the vibration control of pedestrian bridges

Zheng Lu,Xiaoyi Chen,Xiaowei Li,Peizhen Li 국제구조공학회 2017 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.62 No.1

An effective design approach for Multiple Tuned Mass Dampers (MTMDs) in pedestrian bridges was proposed by utilizing the transfer function to obtain each TMD’s optimum stiffness and damping. A systematic simulation of pedestrian excitations was described. The motion equation of a typical MTMD system attached to a Multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) system was presented, and the transfer function from the input pedestrian excitations to the output acceleration responses was defined. By solving the minimum norm of the transfer function, the parameters of the MTMD which resulted in the minimum overall responses can be obtained. Two applications of lightly damped pedestrian bridges attached with MTMD showed that MTMDs designed through this method can significantly reduce the structural responses when subjected to pedestrian excitations, and the vibration control effects were better than the MTMD when it was considered as being composed of equal number and mass ratios of TMDs designed by classical Den Hartog method.

Over-expression of Chinese cabbage calreticulin 1, BrCRT1, enhances shoot and root regeneration, but retards plant growth in transgenic tobacco

Zheng-Lu Jin,Hong, Joon-Ki,Yang, Kyung-Ae,Koo, Ja-Choon,Choi, Young-Ju,Chung, Woo-Sik,Yun, Dae-Jin,Lee, Sang-Yeol,Cho, Moo-Je,Lim, Chae-Oh Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2005 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2005 No.

Calreticulin (CRT) is a ubiquitously expressed, high capacity Ca^(2+)-binding protein that is involved in intracellular Ca^(2+) homeostasis and molecular chaperoning in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). A cDNA encoding a calreticulin, BrCRT1 (Brassica rapa Calreticulin 1), has been isolated from Chinese cabbage (B. rapa subsp. pekinensis) flower bud. Constitutive over-expression of the BrCRT1 gene promotes robust shoot production and root formation at sub-optimal concentrations of BA/NAA, which are important factors controlling plant regeneration in tissue culture. In contrast, the suppressed BrCRT1 line exhibited a slight reduction of shoot and root regeneration. In spite of enhanced regeneration in tissue culture, the seedling and plant growth rate was inhibited in soil. The steady state level of BrCRT1 transcripts was sensitive to exogenous auxins and cytokinins, and rapidly accumulated within 30 min, and this induction required de novo protein synthesis. Together with the results of transgenic tobacco plants and mRNA analysis in Chinese cabbage, our data suggest that BrCRT1 genes may up-regulate the competency of vegetative tissue to respond to hormonal signals involved in shoot and root regeneration processes.

Studies on vibration control effects of a semi-active impact damper for seismically excited nonlinear building

Zheng Lu,Hengrui Zhang,Sami F. Masri 국제구조공학회 2019 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.24 No.1

The semi-active impact damper (SAID) is proposed to improve the damping efficiency of traditional passive impact dampers. In order to investigate its damping mechanism and vibration control effects on realistic engineering structures, a 20-story nonlinear benchmark building is used as the main structure. The studies on system parameters, including the mass ratio, damping ratio, rigid coefficient, and the intensity of excitation are carried out, and their effects both on linear and nonlinear indexes are evaluated. The damping mechanism is herein further investigated and some suggestions for the design in high-rise buildings are also proposed. To validate the superiority of SAID, an optimal passive particle impact damper (PIDopt) is also investigated as a control group, in which the parameters of the SAID remain the same, and the optimal parameters of the PIDopt are designed by differential evolution algorithm based on a reduced-order model. The numerical simulation shows that the SAID has better control effects than that of the optimized passive particle impact damper, not only for linear indexes (e.g., root mean square response), but also for nonlinear indexes (e.g., component energy consumption and hinge joint curvature).

A Study of Mobile Short Video Brand Experience on User Loyalty

Lu Zheng,Yeong-Gil Kim 한국무역연구원 2022 The International Academy of Global Business and T Vol.18 No.4

Purpose – This study examines how to meet the needs of users, improve user satisfaction, form user loyalty, and obtain greater user retention. Design/Methodology/Approach – This study selects users on mobile short video platforms as the research object, and conducts research from the new perspective and field of brand experience of short video application, using user loyalty theory as a framework to study the relationship between brand experience, user satisfaction, brand personality, and loyalty to test the mediating role of user satisfaction, and to explain the moderating role of brand personality in each variable. Findings – All brand experience positively influences user satisfaction. User satisfaction positively influences user loyalty. Brand experience positively influences user loyalty. User satisfaction plays a mediating role in the relationship between brand experience and user loyalty. Brand personality positively moderates the influence of brand experience on user loyalty. Brand personality positively regulates the mediating role of user satisfaction in the relationship between brand experience. Research Implications – The study puts forward some management suggestions and user promotion marketing suggestions for mobile short video companies to gain a place in the short video market.

Effects of NaCl Stress on Growth, Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes and Reactive Oxygen Metabolism of Hydroponically-Grown Grafted Eggplants

Zheng-Lu Liu,Toru Maruo,Yue-Lin Zhu,Chun-Mei Hu,Li-Fei Yang 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Integrating Granger Causality and Vector Auto-Regression for Traffic Prediction of Large-Scale WLANs

( Zheng Lu ),( Chen Zhou ),( Jing Wu ),( Hao Jiang ),( Songyue Cui ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.1

Flexible large-scale WLANs are now widely deployed in crowded and highly mobile places such as campus, airport, shopping mall and company etc. But network management is hard for large-scale WLANs due to highly uneven interference and throughput among links. So the traffic is difficult to predict accurately. In the paper, through analysis of traffic in two real large-scale WLANs, Granger Causality is found in both scenarios. In combination with information entropy, it shows that the traffic prediction of target AP considering Granger Causality can be more predictable than that utilizing target AP alone, or that of considering irrelevant APs. So We develops new method - Granger Causality and Vector Auto-Regression (GCVAR), which takes APs series sharing Granger Causality based on Vector Auto-regression (VAR) into account, to predict the traffic flow in two real scenarios, thus redundant and noise introduced by multivariate time series could be removed. Experiments show that GCVAR is much more effective compared to that of traditional univariate time series (e.g. ARIMA, WARIMA). In particular, GCVAR consumes two orders of magnitude less than that caused by ARIMA/WARIMA.

Optimization of Medium Components for Plasmid Production by Recombinant E. coli $DH5{\alpha}$ $pUK21CMV{\beta}1.2$

Zheng, Shuzhen,Friehs, Karl,He, Ning,Deng, Xu,Li, Qingbiao,He, Zheng,Xu, Chenyun,Lu, Yinghua Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineerin 2007 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.12 No.3

In this study we investigated the effects of carbon and nitrogen sources, and the carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N) of growth medium on the production of plasmid DNA by $pUK21CMV{\beta}1.2$ harbouring recombinant E. coli. The results indicated that sucrose and casein peptone were the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, for plasmid production, and the plasmid concentration was significantly influenced by the C:N ratio. A Box-Behnken design and surface response methodology were employed to formulate the optimal medium. In the optimized medium, a plasmid concentration of 51.80mg/L and a plasmid selectivity of 23.49mg/g were achieved after 24h of incubation. These values were approximately 3.5 and 1.7 times higher, respectively, than those obtained on the original LB medium.

Numerical validation of Multiplex Acceleration Model for earthquake induced landslides

Zheng, Lu,Chen, Guangqi,Zen, Kouki,Kasama, Kiyonobu Techno-Press 2012 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.4 No.1

Due to strong ground motion of earthquake, the material in the landslide can travel a significant distance from the source. A new landslide model called Multiplex Acceleration Model (MAM) has been proposed to interpret the mechanism of long run-out movement of this type of landslide, considering earthquake behaviors on slope and landslide materials. In previous study, this model was verified by a shaking table test. However, there is a scale limitation of shaking table test to investigate MAM in detail. Thus, numerical simulation was carried out in this study to validate MAM under full scale. A huge rock ejected and A truck threw upwards by seismic force during Wenchuan Earthquake (Ms. 8.0) was discussed based on the simulation results. The results indicate that collisions in P-phase of earthquake and trampoline effect are important behaviors to interpret the mechanism of long run-out and high velocity. The results show that MAM is acceptable and applicable.