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Yun-Chieh Tsai,Yu-Chen Lin,Chun-Chih Huang,Oliver B. Villaflores,Tzong-Yuan Wu,Shih-Ming Huang,Ting-Yu Chin 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.5
Aging and lifestyle factors, including high-sugar and high-fat diets, promote a systemic metabolic imbalance that promotes neurodegeneration. Hericium erinaceus has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine. Recently, its functional activities, such as antimetabolic dysfunction, antineuroinflammatory activities, and stimulation of nerve growth factor (NGF) synthesis, have been revealed. This study demonstrated that Hericium erinaceus mycelium (HEM) and an isolated diterpenoid derivative, erinacine A (EA), may reverse spatial learning disabilities in aging mice (15 months old) fed with a high-fat and high-sucrose diet (HFSD). Aging mice were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups: (1) a chow diet (control), (2) an HFSD, and an HFSD supplemented with either (3) HEM or (4) EA for 18 weeks. The Morris water maze (MWM) and Y-maze were used for behavioral assessments. Both HEM- and EA-treated mice had shorter mean daily escape latencies than HFSD-treated mice in the MWM. In addition, HEM-treated mice had a slightly increased exploratory time and frequency in the novel arm in the Y-maze. Quantitative PCR revealed that both HEM- and EA-treated mice exhibited reduced messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and HEM-treated mice exhibited increased mRNA expression of NGF and NeuN in the hippocampus. Moreover, HEM and EA also decreased body weight, abdominal fat, plasma glucose, serum and liver total cholesterol, and liver triacylglycerol. Thus, HEM may be a potential health-promoting supplement for minimizing the progression of aging and obesity-induced neurodegeneration by reducing metabolic abnormalities and neuroinflammatory cytokines and increasing neurogenesis factors.
The Interplay between Trap Density and Hysteresis in Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells
Lee, Jin-Wook,Kim, Seul-Gi,Bae, Sang-Hoon,Lee, Do-Kyoung,Lin, Oliver,Yang, Yang,Park, Nam-Gyu American Chemical Society 2017 NANO LETTERS Vol.17 No.7
<P>Anomalous current voltage (J-V) hysteresis in perovskite (PSK) solar cell is open to dispute, where hysteresis is argued to be due to electrode polarization, dipolar polarization, and/or native defects. However, a correlation between those factors and J-V hysteresis is hard to be directly evaluated because they usually coexist and are significantly varied depending on morphology and crystallinity of the PSK layer, selective contacts, and device architecture. In this study, without changing morphology and crystallinity of PSK layer in a planar heterojunction structure employing FA(0.9)Cs(0.1)PbI(3), a correlation between J-V hysteresis and trap density is directly evaluated by means of thermally induced PbI2 regulating trap density. Increase in thermal annealing time at a given temperature of 150 degrees C induces growth of PbI2 on the PSK grain surface, which results in significant reduction of nonradiative recombination. Hysteresis index is reduced from 0.384 to 0.146 as the annealing time is increased from 5 to 100 min due to decrease in the amplitude of trap-mediated recombination. Reduction of hysteresis by minimizing trap density via controlling thermal annealing time leads to the stabilized PCE of 18.84% from the normal planar structured FA(0.9)Cs(0.1)PbI(3) PSK solar cell.</P>
Microwave cavity perturbation of nitrogen doped nano-crystalline diamond films
Cuenca, Jerome A.,Sankaran, Kamatchi Jothiramalingam,Pobedinskas, Paulius,Panda, Kalpataru,Lin, I-Nan,Porch, Adrian,Haenen, Ken,Williams, Oliver A. Elsevier 2019 Carbon Vol.145 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Non-contact and non-destructive electrical conductivity measurements of nitrogen doped nano-crystalline diamond films have been demonstrated using a microwave cavity perturbation system. The conductivity of the films was controlled by simply varying the CH<SUB>4</SUB> gas concentration during microwave plasma assisted chemical vapour deposition, thereby promoting the formation of sp<SUP>2</SUP> carbon at the grain boundaries. The presence of sp<SUP>2</SUP> carbon is verified through Raman spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy, while scanning electron microscopy confirms an increasing surface area for sp<SUP>2</SUP> to form. The microwave cavity perturbation results show that the measured cavity quality factor varies with CH<SUB>4</SUB> concentration. The extraction of conductivity is achieved through a depolarisation model, which must be considered when the sample is smaller than the cavity and through both electric and magnetic field perturbations. The microwave measurements are comparable to contacting and damaging measurements when the film conductivity is greater than the substrate, thus demonstrating an invaluable method for determining conductivity without the need for depositing any electrodes on the film.</P>
Klotho May Ameliorate Proteinuria by Targeting TRPC6 Channels in Podocytes
Kim, Ji-Hee,Xie, Jian,Hwang, Kyu-Hee,Wu, Yueh-Lin,Oliver, Noelynn,Eom, Minseob,Park, Kyu-Sang,Barrezueta, Nestor,Kong, In-Deok,Fracasso, R. Paul,Huang, Chou-Long,Cha, Seung-Kuy American Society of Nephrology 2017 Journal of the American Society of Nephrology Vol.28 No.1
Lee, Jin-Wook,Dai, Zhenghong,Lee, Changsoo,Lee, Hyuck Mo,Han, Tae-Hee,De Marco, Nicholas,Lin, Oliver,Choi, Christopher S.,Dunn, Bruce,Koh, Jaekyung,Di Carlo, Dino,Ko, Jeong Hoon,Maynard, Heather D.,Ya American Chemical Society 2018 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.140 No.20
<P>The Lewis acid-base adduct approach has been widely used to form uniform perovskite films, which has provided a methodological base for the development of high-performance perovskite solar cells. However, its incompatibility with formamidinium (FA)-based perovskites has impeded further enhancement of photovoltaic performance and stability. Here, we report an efficient and reproducible method to fabricate highly uniform FAPbI<SUB>3</SUB> films via the adduct approach. Replacement of the typical Lewis base dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with <I>N</I>-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) enabled the formation of a stable intermediate adduct phase, which can be converted into a uniform and pinhole-free FAPbI<SUB>3</SUB> film. Infrared and computational analyses revealed a stronger interaction between NMP with the FA cation than DMSO, which facilitates the formation of a stable FAI·PbI<SUB>2</SUB>·NMP adduct. On the basis of the molecular interactions with different Lewis bases, we proposed criteria for selecting the Lewis bases. Owed to the high film quality, perovskite solar cells with the highest PCE over 20% (stabilized PCE of 19.34%) and average PCE of 18.83 ± 0.73% were demonstrated.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>