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Processing parallel-disk viscometry data in the presence of wall slip
Leong, Yee-Kwong,Campbell, Graeme R.,Yeow, Y. Leong,Withers, John W. The Korean Society of Rheology 2008 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.20 No.2
This paper describes a two-step Tikhonov regularization procedure for converting the steady shear data generated by parallel-disk viscometers, in the presence of wall slip, into a shear stress-shear rate function and a wall shear stress-slip velocity functions. If the material under test has a yield stress or a critical wall shear stress below which no slip is observed the method will also provide an estimate of these stresses. Amplification of measurement noise is kept under control by the introduction of two separate regularization parameters and Generalized Cross Validation is used to guide the selection of these parameters. The performance of this procedure is demonstrated by applying it to the parallel disk data of an oil-in-water emulsion, of a foam and of a mayonnaise.
Jia Ern Leong,Wai Leong Kok,Yee Ling Tan,Balwinder Singh Mann,Sadhana Mahamad 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2021 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.21 No.1
Delayed manifestation of surgical emphysema as cervical pneumatocele post thyroid surgery is rare and unexpected that which needs to be managed appropriately. Herein we report three cases of delayed tracheal injury presenting with persistent subcutaneous emphysema, without acute respiratory distress. All three cases were managed surgically. Possible risk factors were discussed alongside hypotheses on the mechanisms of delayed tracheal injury and recommendations to prevent such complications. The management algorithm was summarized after the literature review. While surgical management is definitive, the non-surgical approach can also be a reasonable option, but requires a longer hospital stay.
Processing parallel-disk viscometry data in the presence of wall slip
Yee-Kwong Leong,Graeme R. Campbell,Y. Leong Yeow,John W. Withers 한국유변학회 2008 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.20 No.2
This paper describes a two-step Tikhonov regularization procedure for converting the steady shear data generated by parallel-disk viscometers, in the presence of wall slip, into a shear stress-shear rate function and a wall shear stress-slip velocity functions. If the material under test has a yield stress or a critical wall shear stress below which no slip is observed the method will also provide an estimate of these stresses. Amplification of measurement noise is kept under control by the introduction of two separate regularization parameters and Generalized Cross Validation is used to guide the selection of these parameters. The performance of this procedure is demonstrated by applying it to the parallel disk data of an oil-in-water emulsion, of a foam and of a mayonnaise.
Leong, Lester Chee Hao,Sim, Llewellyn Shao-Jen,Jara-Lazaro, Ana Richelia,Tan, Puay Hoon Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.5
Background: It is unclear as to whether the size ratio elastographic technique is useful for assessing ultrasound-detected ductal carcinoma-in-situ (DCIS) masses since they commonly lack a significant desmoplastic reaction. The objectives of this study were to determine the accuracy of this elastographic technique in DCIS and examine if there was any histopathological correlation with the grey-scale strain patterns. Materials and Methods: Female patients referred to the radiology department for image-guided breast biopsy were prospectively evaluated by ultrasound elastography prior to biopsy. Histological diagnosis was the gold standard. An elastographic size ratio of more than 1.1 was considered malignant. Elastographic strain patterns were assessed for correlation with the DCIS histological architectural patterns and nuclear grade. Results: There were 30 DCIS cases. Elastographic sensitivity for detection of malignancy was 86.7% (26/30). 10/30 (33.3%) DCIS masses demonstrated predominantly white elastographic strain patterns while 20/30 (66.7%) were predominantly black. There were 3 (10.0%) DCIS masses that showed had a co-existent bull's-eye sign and 7 (23.3%) other masses had a co-existent toothpaste sign, a strain pattern that has never been reported in the literature. Four out of 4/5 comedo DCIS showed a predominantly white strain pattern (p=0.031) while 6/7 cases with the toothpaste sign were papillary DCIS (p=0.031). There was no relationship between the strain pattern and the DCIS nuclear grade. Conclusions: The size ratio elastographic technique was found to be very sensitive for ultrasound-detected DCIS masses. While the elastographic grey-scale strain pattern should not be used for diagnostic purposes, it correlated well with the DCIS architecture.
Leong, Jasmine,Purchas, Roger W.,Morel, Patrick C.H.,Wilkinson, Brian H.P. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.1
Sensory analyses of pork samples from leg muscles of female pigs raised in New Zealand (n = 17) were conducted using trained and untrained Singaporean panelists. The New Zealand pigs included three dietary groups, with one diet including animal products (NZA), and two containing plant products only (NZP & NZP+), with the NZP+ diet containing a supplement (0.614%) containing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), selenium, and vitamin E. The New Zealand pork was also compared with Indonesian pork as local reference samples (n = 6). Pork samples from the NZA group had the highest score for mutton flavour and aftertaste, and the lowest score for brothy aroma, brothy flavour, meaty flavour, lightness and juiciness by trained sensory panels. Samples from NZP and NZP+ were similar except the NZP+ group had a stronger stale flavour than the NZP group (1.34 vs. 0.57 on a 100-point scale; p<0.05). The first and second functions of a discriminant analysis based on trained-panel scores for 14 attributes accounted for 95.4% of the variance, with function 1 (83.7%) being related mainly to mutton aroma, mutton flavour and aftertaste. Based on a 20-member untrained panel, the NZA pork had the highest mutton aroma and mutton flavour intensities (p<0.01) and aroma and flavour that was less acceptable than that from the NZP group (p<0.05). The acceptability scores of Indonesian pork were not significantly different from those of New Zealand pork, but its scores for mutton aroma and mutton flavour were significantly lower than NZP. Overall acceptability was positively associated with acceptability of aroma (r = 0.906), juiciness (r = 0.888), and tenderness (r = 0.904), but negatively associated with intensities of mutton aroma (r = -0.478) and flavour (r = -0.551).
Relooking "Look Back": A student`s Attempt at Problem Solving using Polya`s Model
( Leong Yew Hoong ),( Dindyal Jaguthsing ),( Toh Tin Lam ),( Quek Khiok Seng ),( Tay Eng Guan ) 한국수학교육학회 2011 수학교육 학술지 Vol.2011 No.1
Against the backdrop of half a century of research in mathematics problem solving, Polya`s last stage is especially conspicuous-by the scarcity of research on it! Much of the research focused on the first three stages (e.g., Francisco & Maher 2005; Taylor & Mcdonald, 2007), with little or no successful attempts at following through with the subjects. In this paper, we describe a case study of how the innovation of a "Practical Worksheet" within a new paradigm of a "Mathematics Practical" enabled a high-achieving student to push beyond getting a solution for a problem to extending, adapting and generalising his solution. The findings from this study indicate promise in achieving the learning of Polya`s model with notable success in the fourth stage, Look Back.
Biocompatibility of two experimental scaffolds for regenerative endodontics
Leong, Dephne Jack Xin,Setzer, Frank C.,Trope, Martin,Karabucak, Bekir The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2016 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.41 No.2
Objectives: The biocompatibility of two experimental scaffolds for potential use in revascularization or pulp regeneration was evaluated. Materials and Methods: One resilient lyophilized collagen scaffold (COLL), releasing metronidazole and clindamycin, was compared to an experimental injectable poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid scaffold (PLGA), releasing clindamycin. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were seeded at densities of $1.0{\times}10^4$, $2.5{\times}10^4$, and $5.0{\times}10^4$. The cells were investigated by light microscopy (cell morphology), MTT assay (cell proliferation) and a cytokine (IL-8) ELISA test (biocompatibility). Results: Under microscope, the morphology of cells coincubated for 7 days with the scaffolds appeared healthy with COLL. Cells in contact with PLGA showed signs of degeneration and apoptosis. MTT assay showed that at $5.0{\times}10^4$ hDPSCs, COLL demonstrated significantly higher cell proliferation rates than cells in media only (control, p < 0.01) or cells co-incubated with PLGA (p < 0.01). In ELISA test, no significant differences were observed between cells with media only and COLL at 1, 3, and 6 days. Cells incubated with PLGA expressed significantly higher IL-8 than the control at all time points (p < 0.01) and compared to COLL after 1 and 3 days (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The COLL showed superior biocompatibility and thus may be suitable for endodontic regeneration purposes.
Leong, Hui Jun,Oh, Seong-Geun THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING 2018 JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY -S Vol.66 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To apply as the antimicrobial agent in cosmetics, azelaic acid, a skin lightening material with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, has been employed to functionalize TiO<SUB>2</SUB> microspheres. Prior to the functionalization process, TiO<SUB>2</SUB> microspheres were modified with NaOH to introduce hydroxyl groups on the surface of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> as chemical binders. Hybridization was performed by condensation reaction between hydroxyl groups introduced on the surface of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> by hydroxylation process and the hydroxyl groups of azelaic acid. The azelaic acid-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> composites showed high antimicrobial activities towards both gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains, which are <I>Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli</I>.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>