Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Are Associated with Viral Persistence and Downregulation of TCR ζ Chain Expression on CD8⁺ T Cells in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

Zeng, Qing-Lei,Yang, Bin,Sun, Hong-Qi,Feng, Guo-Hua,Jin, Lei,Zou, Zheng-Sheng,Zhang, Zheng,Zhang, Ji-Yuan,Wang, Fu-Sheng Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2014 Molecules and cells Vol.37 No.1

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play an important role in impairing the function of T cells. We characterized MDSCs in two chronic hepatitis C (CHC) cohorts: a cross-sectional group that included 61 treatment-naive patients with CHC, 14 rapid virologic response (RVR) cases and 22 early virologic response (EVR) cases; and a longitudinal group of 13 cases of RVR and 10 cases of EVR after pegylated-interferon-${\alpha}$/ribavirin treatment for genotype 1b HCV infection. Liver samples from 32 CHC patients and six healthy controls were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. MDSCs frequency in treatment-naive CHC was significantly higher than in RVR, EVR, or healthy subjects and was positively correlated with HCV RNA. Patients infected with HCV genotype 2a had a significantly higher frequency of MDSCs than those infected with genotype 1b. Decreased T cell receptor (TCR) ${\zeta}$ expression on $CD8^+$ T cells was significantly associated with an increased frequency of MDSCs in treatment-naive CHC patients and was restored by L-arginine treatment in vitro. Increased numbers of liver arginase-$1^+$ cells were closely associated with the histological activity index in CHC. The TCR ${\zeta}$ chain was significantly downregulated on hepatic $CD8^+$ T cells in CHC. During antiviral follow up, MDSCs frequency in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was directly correlated with the HCV RNA load in the plasma and inversely correlated with TCR ${\zeta}$ chain expression in $CD8^+$ T cells in both RVR and EVR cases. Notably, the RVR group had a higher frequency of MDSCs at baseline than the EVR group. Collectively, this study provides evidence that MDSCs might be associated with HCV persistence and downregulation of CD8 ${\zeta}$ chain expression.

Ionic liquid extraction of silkworm pupa protein and its biological characteristics

Zeng Qing-Lei,Zhang Ning,Zhang Yue-Yue,Xin Xiang-Dong,Attaribo Thomas,Shao Ying,Tang Liu-Mei,Zhang Ran,이광식,진병래,Gui Zhongzheng 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.1

Silkworm (Bombyx mori) pupa protein (SPP) is a high-quality source of animal protein with substantial nutri tional benefits and health value. To develop an efficient extraction method for SPP that is environmentally friendly, we selected choline hydroxide ionic liquid (CH-IL) as the extraction solvent and performed orthogonal experiments to optimize the extraction conditions. We demonstrated that 3% CH-IL, a solid-to-liquid ratio (g/mL) of 1:30, an extraction temperature of 40 ◦ C, and an extraction time of 1 h facilitated the most efficient extraction. Compared to the conventional alkali solubilization–acid precipitation method, the CH-IL extraction increased protein content by 12.14%. Protein structure analysis showed that the β-sheet content increased by 10.98% and that of disulfide bonds reduced by 16.4%. The processing properties of the CH-IL extracted protein showed that the solubility, emulsification, and foaming capacity were enhanced by 82.87%, 15.44%, and 18.97%, respec tively. The physical properties of SPP remarkably improved relative to the increased stretching of the poly peptide chains. The findings of this study provide technical knowledge that will enhance the processing performance of pupal proteins.

秦漢白色神秘象徵意義試析

曾磊(Zeng, Lei) 중국고중세사학회 2017 중국고중세사연구 Vol.43 No.-

색깔은 본래 일종의 객관적으로 존재하는 광학 현상이다. 자연계에 존재하는 색깔은 인간의 시각 계통의 처리를 거쳐 우리의 눈앞에 존재한다. 인간은 색깔에 대해 언어로 묘사하면서 색깔 관련 용어를 만들어 내었다. 인간은 각자의 문화 환경 속에서 색깔에 대한 자신만의 서로 다른 문화적 함의를 부여하며 살아왔다. 오늘날에 이르기까지 색깔은 자연히 서로 다른 국가와 문화 집단의 뚜렷한 표지이다. 중국 고대사회에서 사물에 대한 색깔은 오늘날 우리의 상상을 뛰어 넘을 정도로 중시되었다. 이런 색깔에 대한 중시는 商周 시대부터 매우 뚜렷하게 나타났고, 진한시기 보다 분명하게 드러나게 되었다. 색깔은 단시 표상이며, 그 배후에 존재하는 사상의 원류는 훨씬 오래되었고 그 영향 역시 매우 심원하다. 이러한 색깔로 표징된 사상 관념의 연구를 통해 우리는 진한시대 사회 풍모의 인식을 알 수 있고, 진한시대 사람들의 정신세계와 심리 특질을 더욱 깊이 이해할 수 있다. 이렇게 색깔을 중시하는 思想의 근원과 거기에 반영된 고대인의 사유 체계의 특색은 연구자들이 밝혀야 할 과제로 남아있다. 白色의 상징 의미는 대체로 세 가지로서, 바로 光ㆍ纯洁ㆍ朴素이다. 각종 상징 의미는 상호 관련이 있는데, 우리가 각종 상징 의미가 출현한 선후 관계를 명확하게 파악하기는 매우 어렵다. 백색의 신비적 상징 의미는 순결에서 연유하여 시작되었다. 백색은 희고 깨끗한 신성을 상징하며 백색 희생 제물은 제사 계통 중에서 중요한 지위를 차지하였다. 진한시대 사람들이 색깔을 사용하는 습속에 근거하여 살펴볼 때 진한시대 사람들의 신비 신앙 중 백색은 항상 어떤 신성한 색채를 지니고 있었음을 알 수 있다. 물론 백색 희생 제사나 백색 자연물은 제사의 대상이 되었는데, 여기서 백색 본연의 문화 함의를 분명하게 생각해 볼 수 있다. 백색은 늘 신령의 발현과 관계되었고, 이 때문에 신비한 기능을 보유하고 있었다. 어떤 경우에는 백색의 신비한 마력이 방대한 의미로 각인되기도 하였다. 고대인의 백색 祥瑞과 백색 재이에 대한 인식은 ‘天人合一’ 이론 체계의 영향을 받은 것으로, 사람과 자연의 상호 감응에 기초한다. 백색 동물은 드물기 때문에 白色 祥瑞이 되었고, 白色은 祥瑞의 신비적 의미를 강화시켰다고 할 수 있다. 요컨대 白色 상징의 특징으로는 依附性, 多樣性, 對立性, 復合性 등이 있다.

Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Are Associated with Viral Persistence and Downregulation of TCRζ Chain Expression on CD8+ T Cells in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

Qing-Lei Zeng,Bin Yang,Hong-Qi Sun,Guo-Hua Feng,Lei Jin,Zheng-Sheng Zou,Zheng Zhang,Ji-Yuan Zhang,Fu-Sheng Wang 한국분자세포생물학회 2014 Molecules and cells Vol.37 No.1

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play an important role in impairing the function of T cells. We characterized MDSCs in two chronic hepatitis C (CHC) cohorts: a cross-sectional group that included 61 treatment-naive patients with CHC, 14 rapid virologic response (RVR) cases and 22 early virologic response (EVR) cases; and a longitudinal group of 13 cases of RVR and 10 cases of EVR after pegylated-interferon-α/ribavirin treatment for genotype 1b HCV infection. Liver samples from 32 CHC patients and six healthy controls were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. MDSCs frequency in treatmentnaive CHC was significantly higher than in RVR, EVR, or healthy subjects and was positively correlated with HCV RNA. Patients infected with HCV genotype 2a had a significantly higher frequency of MDSCs than those infected with genotype 1b. Decreased T cell receptor (TCR) ζ expression on CD8+ T cells was significantly associated with an increased frequency of MDSCs in treatment-naive CHC patients and was restored by L-arginine treatment in vitro. Increased numbers of liver arginase-1+ cells were closely associated with the histological activity index in CHC. The TCR ζ chain was significantly downregulated on hepatic CD8+ T cells in CHC. During antiviral follow up, MDSCs frequency in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was directly correlated with the HCV RNA load in the plasma and inversely correlated with TCR ζ chain expression in CD8+ T cells in both RVR and EVR cases. Notably, the RVR group had a higher frequency of MDSCs at baseline than the EVR group. Collectively, this study provides evidence that MDSCs might be associated with HCV persistence and downregulation of CD8 ζ chain expression.

Clinical Model for Predicting Hepatocellular Carcinomas in Patients with Post-Sustained Virologic Responses of Chronic Hepatitis C: A Case Control Study

( Qing-lei Zeng ),( Bing Li ),( Xue-xiu Zhang ),( Yan Chen ),( Yan-ling Fu ),( Jun Lv ),( Yan-min Liu ),( Zu-jiang Yu ) 대한소화기학회 2016 Gut and Liver Vol.10 No.6

Background/Aims: No clinical model exists to predict the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in sustained virologic response-achieving (HCC after SVR) patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Methods: We performed a case-control study using a clinical database to research the risk factors for HCC after SVR. A predictive model based on risk factors was established, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated. Results: In the multivariate model, an initial diagnosis of compensated cirrhosis and post-SVR albumin reductions of 1 g/L were associated with 21.7-fold (95% CI, 4.2 to 112.3; p< 0.001) and 1.3-fold (95% CI, 1.1 to 1.7; p=0.004) increases in the risk of HCC after SVR, respectively. A predictive model based on an initial diagnosis of compensated cirrhosis (yes, +1; no, 0) and post- SVR albumin ≤36.0 g/L (yes, +1; not, 0) predicted the occurrence of HCC after SVR with a cutoff value of >0, an AUC of 0.880, a sensitivity of 0.833, a specificity of 0.896, and a negative predictive value of 0.956. Conclusions: An initial diagnosis of compensated cirrhosis combined with a post-SVR albumin value of ≤36.0 g/L predicts the occurrence of HCC after SVR in patients with CHC. (Gut Liver 2016;10:955-961)

Steganalysis using Regional Correlation and Second-order Markov Features

Su Jinyang,Zeng Xianting,Wang Lei 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.1

A blind steganalysis based on regional correlation and second-order Markov transition probability matrix is proposed for JPEG images. By analyzing the region correlation of JPEG image, the Markov transition probability matrix is used to capture the correlation of intra-block and inter-block DCT coefficients. In addition, the calibrated features are extracted from the calibrated images. The difference features between the original and calibrated images are used for training and classifying. Three different image libraries are used to detect the five kinds of typical JPEG steganography schemes. Experimental results show that, in comparison to the several effective steganalysis, the proposed scheme improves the detection accuracy on some JPEG-based steganography schemes, including outguess, Steghide and MB1.

Research on The Network Cloud Teaching Mode of PBL Project Teaching Method

Lei Zhang,Zheng Ren,Xianming Shi,Qingqi Zeng 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.9 No.10

This paper designed the learning resource storage model mainly based on Hadoop platform, and the system structure was optimized on the basis of the original system against the problems of inefficient storage of massive small files, high memory overhead on the Hadoop platform. The PBL teaching resources are classified to improve the utilization ratio of resources and access efficiency of resources according to the file size and file correlation. When processing the small files, small files are merged according to the knowledge point, and then storage processing is conducted with the method of handling large files, giving full play to the advantages of processing files in the Hadoop. Simulation experiment is conducted in the laboratory environment, to compare the integrated storage space with the time required for resources storage. The result is that the model can reduce the storage space of the file, and improve the integrated storage efficiency on the basis of not affecting file storage.

Response of a rocksalt crystal to electromagnetic wave modeled by a multiscale field theory

Lei, Yajie,Lee, James D.,Zeng, Xiaowei Techno-Press 2008 Interaction and multiscale mechanics Vol.1 No.4

In this work, a nano-size rocksalt crystal (magnesium oxide) is considered as a continuous collection of unit cells, while each unit cell consists of discrete atoms; and modeled by a multiscale concurrent atomic/continuum field theory. The response of the crystal to an electromagnetic (EM) wave is studied. Finite element analysis is performed by solving the governing equations of the multiscale theory. Due to the applied EM field, the inhomogeneous motions of discrete atoms in the polarizable crystal give rise to the change of microstructure and the polarization wave. The relation between the natural frequency of this system and the driving frequency of the applied EM field is found and discussed.

Prognostic Significance of Beta-Catenin Expression in Patients with Esophageal Carcinoma: a Meta-analysis

Zeng, Rong,Duan, Lei,Kong, Yu-Ke,Wu, Xiao-Lu,Wang, Ya,Xin, Gang,Yang, Ke-Hu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.15

Many studies have reported ${\beta}$-catenin involvement in the development of esophageal carcinoma (EC), but its prognostic significance for EC patients remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to explore the issue in detail. After searching PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, we included a total of ten relevant studies. We pooled the overall survival (OS) data using RevMan 5.2 software. The results showed that aberrant expression of ${\beta}$-catenin was associated with a significant increase of mortality risk (hazard ratio 1.71, 95%CI 1.46-2.01; p<0.00001). Subgroup analyses further suggested that aberrant expression of ${\beta}$-catenin resulted in poor OS of EC patients regardless of histological type of EC, study location or criteria for aberrant expression of ${\beta}$-catenin, and the sensitivity analyses revealed that the result was robust. The meta-analysis revealed that aberrant expression of ${\beta}$-catenin could be a predicative factor of poor prognosis for EC patients.

Experimental Investigations on VIV of Bridge Deck Sections: A Case Study

Zeng-shun Chen,Si-meng Liu,Xianfeng Yu,Cun-ming Ma,Lei Liu 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.21 No.7

In this paper, the Vortex Induced Vibrations (VIVs) of bridge deck sections of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge were investigated experimentally. Aeroelastic tests for the bridge deck of two scale ratios (1:20 model and 1:50 model) under different wind attack angles, wind speeds, and damping ratios were performed. Accessory and windbreak effects on the VIVs of the bridge deck were also carried out. The experimental results show that the accessory and windbreak tend to enlarge the VIVs of the bridge deck. Furthermore, the most unfavorable wind attack angle is 5o. At this attack angle and low damping ratios, the VIVs of the bridge deck are significant and much larger than the allowable value. In addition, the VIVs of the bridge deck decrease with increasing the damping ratios (Particularly, at large damping ratios, the VIVs were well suppressed). This study provides a guideline for the designs of long span flexible bridges on suppressing the VIVs of the bridges.