Alteration of the glutamate and GABA transporters in the hippocampus of the Niemann-Pick disease, type C mouse using proteomic analysis

Byun, Kyunghee,Kim, Jaewoo,Cho, Sang-Yun,Hutchinson, Brian,Yang, Se-Ran,Kang, Kyung-Sun,Cho, Moonjae,Hwang, Kyukye,Michikawa, Makoto,Jeon, Young-Wook,Paik, Young-Ki,Lee, Bonghee WILEY-VCH 2006 Proteomics Vol. No.

<P>Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a fatal autosomal recessive cholesterol disorder characterized by severe progressive neurodegeneration. To unveil the mechanism of neurodegeneration, proteomic and morphological approaches were applied to the hippocampus in NPC –/– mouse. Two-DE was utilized to resolve the hippocampal protein expression profiles of 4- and 8-week-old NPC +/+ and –/– mice. Differentially expressed protein spots were identified by MALDI-TOF MS and database searching. At 4 weeks of age, there was no significant difference in protein profiles between NPC +/+ and –/– mice. However, at the age of 8 weeks, NPC +/+ and –/– mice showed marked difference in protein expressions. Among these, glutamate receptor 2 precursor was identified. The immunohistochemical study on neurotransporters showed that glial GABA transporter (GAT-3) increased in both 4- and 8-week-old NPC –/– mouse and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD-6) increased in 8-week-old NPC –/– mouse. Glial glutamate transporter, excitatory amino acids carrier-1 (EAAC1), decreased in 8-week-old NPC –/– mouse. In conclusion, our data may provide insight into the understanding of the basic mechanism through perturbation of protein networks and neurotransporter systems in a single gene knockout model of NPC disease.</P>

Alteration of the CNS pathway to the hippocampus in a mouse model of Niemann–Pick, type C disease

Byun, Kyunghee,Kim, Joong-Mo,Kim, Namhee,Kang, Jin-A,Won, Moo-Ho,Jeong, Goo-Bo,Jo, Seung-Mook,Lee, Bonghee Elsevier 2011 Journal of chemical neuroanatomy Vol.42 No.1

<P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Neurons in CA2&3 regions of the hippocampus decreased dramatically in the NPC−/− mouse. ► Pseudorabies virus positive cell number in CNS hippocampal pathway significantly decreased. ► Changes in the CNS hippocampal pathway may contribute to symptoms of Niemann–Pick disease, type C.</P> <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Niemann–Pick type C disease (NPC) is an autosomal recessive disorder that results in premature death due to progressive neurodegeneration including dementia. To understand neuronal pathways connecting to the hippocampus, retrograde transneuronal labeling method with Bartha strain of pseudorabies virus (PRV) was employed in 40 NPC+/+, NPC+/− and NPC−/− mice. Immunohistochemistry using polyclonal antibody against PRV and streological counting were used. The number of neurons and synapse in CA2&3 regions of the hippocampus decreased dramatically in the NPC−/− mouse compared to the NPC+/+ or +/− mouse. The number of PRV positive cell was significantly decreased in several regions including the entorhinal and piriform cortex in the NPC−/− mouse. More severely, lateral septal dorsal nucleus, dorsal entorhinal cortex and medial geniculate body showed no positive labeling in the NPC−/− mouse. However, the hippocampus, medial septal and supramammilary nuclei showed increased immunoreactivity in the NPC−/− mouse. Our data suggest that the synaptic loss and discontinuity of the CNS hippocampal pathway may contribute to understanding the mechanism of symptoms and functional disabilities such as memory and learning disturbance in NPC patients.</P>

Clusterin/ApoJ enhances central leptin signaling through Lrp2‐mediated endocytosis

Byun, Kyunghee,Gil, So Young,Namkoong, Churl,Youn, Byung‐,Soo,Huang, Hu,Shin, Mi‐,Seon,Kang, Gil Myoung,Kim, Hyun‐,Kyong,Lee, Bonghee,Kim, Young‐,Bum,Kim, Min‐,Seon EMBO 2014 EMBO reports Vol.15 No.7

<P>Hypothalamic leptin signaling plays a central role in maintaining body weight homeostasis. Here, we show that clusterin/ApoJ, recently identified as an anorexigenic neuropeptide, is an important regulator in the hypothalamic leptin signaling pathway. Coadministration of clusterin potentiates the anorexigenic effect of leptin and boosts leptin-induced hypothalamic Stat3 activation. In cultured neurons, clusterin enhances receptor binding and subsequent endocytosis of leptin. These effects are mainly mediated through the LDL receptor-related protein-2 (Lrp2). Notably, inhibition of hypothalamic clusterin, Lrp2 or endocytosis abrogates anorexia and hypothalamic Stat3 activation caused by leptin. These findings propose a novel regulatory mechanism in central leptin signaling pathways.</P>

Activated microglial cells synthesize and secrete AGE-albumin

Kyunghee Byun,Enkhjaigal Bayarsaikhan,Daesik Kim,Myeongjoo Son,Junhee Hong,Goo-Bo Jeong,Sun Ha Paek,Moo-Ho Won,Bonghee Lee 대한해부학회 2012 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.45 No.1

A holy grail of curing neurodegenerative diseases is to identify the main causes and mechanisms underlying neuronal death. Many studies have sought to identify these targets in a wide variety of ways, but a more important task is to identify critical molecular targets and their origins. Potential molecular targets include advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that can promote neuronal cell death, thereby contributing to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer disease or Parkinson disease. In this study, we showed that AGE-albumin (glycated albumin) is synthesized in microglial cells and secreted in the human brain. Our results provide new insight into which microglial cells can promote the receptor for AGE-mediated neuronal cell death, eventually leading to neurodegenerative diseases.

Effect of fermented sarco oyster extract on age induced sarcopenia muscle repair by modulating regulatory T cells

Kyung-A Byun,Seyeon Oh,Sosorburam Batsukh,Kyoung-Min Rheu,이배진,Kuk Hui Son,Kyunghee Byun 한국수산과학회 2023 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.26 No.6

Sarcopenia is an age-related, progressive skeletal muscle disorder involving the loss of muscle mass and strength. Previous studies have shown that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from fermented oysters aids in regulatory T cells (Tregs) cell expansion and function by enhancing autophagy, and concomitantly mediate muscle regeneration by modulating muscle inflammation and satellite cell function. The fermentation process of oysters not only increases the GABA content but also enhances the content of branched amino acids and free amino acids that aid the level of protein absorption and muscle strength, mass, and repair. In this study, the effect of GABA-enriched fermented sarco oyster extract (FSO) on reduced muscle mass and functions via Treg modulation and enhanced autophagy in aged mice was investigated. Results showed that FSO enhanced the expression of autophagy markers (autophagy-related gene 5 [ATG5] and GABA receptor-associated protein [GABARAP]), forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) expression, and levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-10 and transforming growth factor [TGF]-β) secreted by Tregs while reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-17A and interferon [IFN]-γ). Furthermore, FSO increased the expression of IL-33 and its receptor IL-1 receptor-like 1 (ST2); well-known signaling pathways that increase amphiregulin (Areg) secretion and expression of myogenesis markers (myogenic factor 5, myoblast determination protein 1, and myogenin). Muscle mass and function were also enhanced via FSO. Overall, the current study suggests that FSO increased autophagy, which enhanced Treg accumulation and function, decreased muscle inflammation, and increased satellite cell function for muscle regeneration and therefore could decrease the loss of muscle mass and function with aging.

GA에 의한 특징 선택에 따른 Support Vector Machines을 이용한 얼굴 인식

이경희(Kyunghee Lee),변혜란(Hyeran Byun) 한국정보과학회 2000 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.27 No.2Ⅱ

본 논문에서는 유전자 알고리즘(GA)과 Support Vector Machine(SVM)을 결합하여 사용한 얼굴 인식 시스템을 제안한다. 기존의 SVM을 이용한 얼굴 인식 연구에서는 얼굴 전체 영상을 SVM의 입력벡터로 사용하는데 반해, 본 연구에서는 GA를 이용하여 얼굴 영상 중에서 개인별로 식별 능력이 우수한 특징들만을 선택하여 이를 SVM의 입력벡터로 사용한다. 조명, 표정, 안경 착용 등 다양한 변화가 있는 Yale 얼굴 데이터베이스를 사용하여 실험한 결과, 얼굴 전체 영상을 사용한 경우보다 더 좋은 인식률을 보였다. 또한 제안된 방법에 의한 얼굴 인식 시스템은 각 개인별로 식별력이 우수한 특징들만을 저장하므로, 얼굴인식 시스템을 구성하기 위해 저장될 정보의 양이 현저하게 감소하게 된다.

제한된 자원을 갖는 장치에서 효과적인 얼굴 인증 방법

이경희(Kyunghee Lee),변혜란(Hyeran Byun) 한국정보과학회 2004 정보과학회논문지 : 소프트웨어 및 응용 Vol.31 No.9

사용자를 인증하는데 생체인식(biometrics)을 사용하는 것은 보안성과 편리성에서 우수함에도 불구하고, 생체 정보를 사용하는 전형적인 인증 알고리즘은 스마트카드(smart cards)와 같은 자원이 한정된 장치에서는 실행되지 못할 수도 있다. 따라서, 제한된 자원을 갖는 장치에서 생체인식 과정이 수행되기 위해서는 적은 메모리와 처리 능력을 요구하는 가벼운 인증 알고리즘의 개발이 필요하다. 또한 생물학적 특징들 중에서 얼굴에 의한 인증은 인간에게 보다 친숙하고 얼굴 영상 획득이 비강제성을 띤다는 점에서 사용하기 가장 편리한 생체인식 기술이다. 본 논문에서는 생체인식 기술 연구의 일환으로 새로운 얼굴 인증 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 얼굴 인증알고리즘은 두 가지 면에서 새로운 특성을 갖는다. 그 하나는 유전자 알고리즘(GA: Genetic Algorithms)에 의해 추출된 특징 집합(feature set)을 입력벡터로 사용하는 Support Vector Machines(SVM)을 얼굴인증에 이용함으로써 메모리 요구량을 감소시킨다는 것이다. 다른 하나는, 필요에 따라 특징 집합의 크기조절에 대한 시스템 파라미터를 조절함으로써, 인식률은 다소 감소하더라도 인증 과정에 필요한 메모리양을 더욱 더 감소시킬 수 있다는 것이다. 이러한 특성은 메모리양이 한정된 장치에서 얼굴 인증 알고리즘을 수행할 수 있게 하는 데 상당히 효과적이다. 다양한 변화가 있는 얼굴 데이타베이스들에 대하여 실험한 결과, GA에 의해 선택된 식별력이 우수한 특징들을 SVM의 입력벡터로 사용하는 제안한 얼굴 인증 알고리즘이, GA에 의한 특징 선택 과정이 없는 알고리즘보다 정확성과 메모리 요구량에서 우수한 성능을 보임을 알 수 있다. 또한 시스템 파라미터의 변경 실험에 의해 선택될 특징의 개수가 조절될 수 있음을 보인다. Though biometrics to authenticate a person is a good tool in terms of security and convenience, typical authentication algorithms using biometrics may not be executed on resourceconstrained devices such as smart cards. Thus, to execute biometric processing on resourceconstrained devices, it is desirable to develop lightweight authentication algorithm that requires only small amount of memory and computation. Also, among biological features, face is one of the most acceptable biometrics, because humans use it in their visual interactions and acquiring face images is non-intrusive. We present a new face authentication algorithm in this paper. Our achievement is two-fold. One is to present a face authentication algorithm with low memory requirement, which uses support vector machines (SVM) with the feature set extracted by genetic algorithms (GA). The other contribution is to suggest a method to reduce further, if needed, the amount of memory required in the authentication at the expense of verification rate by changing a controllable system parameter for a feature set size. Given a pre-defined amount of memory, this capability is quite effective to mount our algorithm on memory-constrained devices. The experimental results on various databases show that our face authentication algorithm with SVM whose input vectors consist of discriminating features extracted by GA has much better performance than the algorithm without feature selection process by GA has, in terms of accuracy and memory requirement. Experiment also shows that the number of the feature to be selected is controllable by a system parameter.

여대생의 섭식문제 관련요인

변영순(Byun, Yongsoon),이난희(Lee, Nan Hee),이경희(Lee, Kyunghee) 기본간호학회 2014 기본간호학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate factors that influence university women with eating problems. Methods: Study participants were 307 women from two universities. Self-report questionnaires which included items on eating problems, satisfaction with body shape, self-esteem, body mass index, and weight control methods were used. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests, χ² tests, and a multiple binary logistic regression. Results: About 20% of the undergraduate women were experiencing eating problems. The problematic eating group showed more dissatisfaction with body shape than the normal eating group, and used more diets, fasting, diet-products, and uretics/laxatives to control body weight. Significant predictors for the problematic eating group were diets, diet-products, BMI, self-esteem and dissatisfaction with body shape. The strongest predictors were diets; risk for women university students who had been on a diet was 15 times higher than their counterparts. Conclusion: It is pertinent for health professionals to start intervention programs to educate university women with eating problems. The contents should include information on healthy weight control methods, improving satisfaction with body shape and self esteem, as well as creating social atmosphere about healthy body shape for women.

어머니되기 전,후그림책에 대한 경험과 의미연구

조경희 ( Kyunghee Cho ),변미옥 ( Miok Byun ),도미향 ( Mihyang Do ) 대한아동복지학회 2015 아동복지연구 Vol.13 No.3

The aim of this study was to examine the change in women’s perception on picture books before and motherhood. The subjects were ten women who have children, and their interviews were analyzed. Each subject had a preliminary interview and had in-depth interview once or twice. These interviews were recorded via field notes and audio recorders. The recordings were transcribed and categorized through open coding. The study results showed that they did not have much experience with picture books, and had considered those books to be only for children before they became mothers. After they became pregnant, however, they started to read the picture books and recognized the importance of them. It was also found that the mothers felt some pressure to read the book to their children. At the same time, however, they experienced parenting satisfaction and stress reduction when they read the books communicating to their children.

AHP 기법을 이용한 수행영향인자 평가에 관한 연구

정경희(KyungHee Jung),변승남(SeongNam Byun),김정호(JungHo Kim),허은미(EunMee Heo),박홍준(HongJoon Park) 대한인간공학회 2011 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.30 No.1

Almost all companies have paid much attention to the safety management ranging from maintenance to operation even at the stage of designing in order to prevent accidents, but fatal accidents continue to increase throughout the world. In particular, it is essential to systematically prevent such fatal accidents as fire, explosion or leakage of toxic gas at factories in order to not only protect the workers and neighbors but also prevent economic losses and environmental pollution. Though it is well known that accident probability is very low in NPP(Nuclear Power Plants), the reason why many researches are still being performed about the accidents is the results may be so severe. HRA is the main process to make preparation for possibility of human error in designing of the NPP. But those techniques have some problems and limitation as follows; the evaluation sensitivity of those techniques are out of date. And the evaluation of human error is not coupled with the design process. Additionally, the scope of the human error which has to be included in reliability assessment should be expanded. This work focuses on the coincidence of human error and mechanical failure for some important performance shaping factors to propose a method for improving safety effectively of the process industries. In order to apply in these purposes into the thesis, I found 63 critical Performance Shaping Factors of the eight dimensions throughout studies that I executed earlier. In this study, various analysis of opinion of specialists(Personal Factors, Training, Knowledge or Experience, Procedures and Documentation, Information, Communications, HMI, Workplace Design, Quality of Environment, Team Factors) and the guideline for construction of PSF were accomplished. The selected method was AHP which simplifies objective conclusions by maintaining consistency. This research focused on the implementation process of PSF to evaluate the process of PSF at each phase. As a result, we propose an evaluation model of PSF as a tool to find critical problem at each phase and improve on how to resolve the problems found at each phase. This evaluation model makes it possible to extraction of PSF succesfully by presenting the basis of assessment which will be used by enterprises to minimize the trial and error of construction process of PSF.