고등학교 가정과 교육을 위한 교과과정 영역별 필요도

김행자,안영희,이남기,이금남 한국 가정과 교육 학회 1996 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.8 No.1

This study aims at finding a new home economics education which will include male and female students as its teaching objects, and then providing home economics teachers with useful materials. For this purpose I examined analyzed male and female the upper secondary school students' and parents' recognition and demand to the home economics education. The conclusion of this study is summarized as follows: 1. There was significant difference between male students(73.7%) and female students(89.8%) in the necessity for studying Home Economics(P<.001). In necessity of Home Economics education, male students emphasized the spiritual part but female students emphasized the functional part. In part of parents, there was no significant difference between fathers(95.5%) and mothers(96.4%). 2. The necessity of each part in the contents of Home Economics 1) In the part of family, there was significant difference between male and female students in the true nature of family, the role and responsibility of family, and the laws relating to family(P<.001). There was significant difference between mothers and fathers in the true nature of family and the role and responsibility of family. Fathers and male students emphasized the true nature of family and the role and responsibility of family more than mothers and female students did. 2) In the Home management and economy parts, there was significant difference between male and female students in the significance of home management(P<.001), the relation of family to society(P<.001), and fluctuating measures for home economy. There was significant difference between fathers and mothers in the relation of family to society(P<.05). Fathers and male students emphasized the relation of family to society more than mothers and female students did. Mothers, male and female students emphasized the importance of the protection of consumers. 3) In the clothes part, male students emphasized the role of clothes, the design and making of clothes(P<.001), the present situation of the resources of clothing and the distribution of clothes(P<.05) more than female students did. 5) In the part of housing, male students emphasized home planning, and arrangements and facilities of house more than female students did. Female students emphasized the interior of the house(P<.05). Fathers emphasized the planning of a residential space and arrangements and facilities of a house(P<.05) more than mothers did. 6) In the parts of human development and upbringing, male students emphasized the significance of being parents, family planning and the population problem(P<.001), pregnancy and delivery(P<.01), and the characteristic of juvenile development(P<.05) more than female students did. Parents and students emphasized the importance of prevention and countermeasure for diseases and the significance of being parents.

불량행위 청소년의 가족 폭행에 관한 사회 정신의학적 고찰(Ⅳ)

박범룡,류영호,조동환,김정기 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.3

연구목적: 이 연구는 청소년의 가족 폭행에 대하여 조사하고 가족폭행의 관점에서 불량행위 청소년의 특성을 규명하고자 하였다. 방 법: 저자들은 불량행위 청소년 238명, 범죄 청소년 209명, 그리고 부산시대 고등학교 학생 230명을 대상으로 설문지, 다면적 인성 검사(Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory), 그리고 한국판 부모-자녀 결합도 검사(Parental Bonding Instrument0 등의 도구를 사용하여 조사하였고, 그것으로 세집단을 Chi-square test, T-test, 그리고 ANOVA를 사용하여 비교 분석하였다. 결 과: 대개의 경우 불량행위 청소년의 사회경제적인 상태가 학생군보다 더 불량하였고, 범죄군보다는 더 양호하였다.(p<.05) 일반적으로 폭행가해자들은 손위형제였고, 신체적으로도 피해자보다 더 강했고, 형제간의 우애는 좋지 않았다. 학생군과 비교할 때 존속에 대한 폭행을 포함한 폭행의 심각성은 불량행위 청소년과 범죄 청소년에서 존재하고 있었다. 다면적 인성검사와 부모-자녀 결합도 검사의 결과, 가족폭행군과 비폭행군을 비교할 때, 불량행위 청소년군의 경우에는 Sc척도와 Passive aggresive index에서 학생군의 경우에는 아버지 과보호에서 의미있는 차이를 보였지만 그외의 척도에서는 의미있는 차이를 찾을 수가 없었다. 결 론: 일반적으로 가족폭행의 특성으로도 기존의 사회 정신의학적 고찰의 결과와 같이 불량행위 청소년군이 학생군과 범죄청소년군의 중간특성을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났으며 가족 폭행 문제의 심화를 막기 위하여 이 집단에 대한 적절한 개입이 필요할 것으로 생각되어진다. Objectives : This research was performed to identify family violence by male adolescents, and to examine the characteristics of male adolescent delinquents in terms of domestic violence. Methods : We surveyed 677 male adolescents including 238 delinquents from BBS(Big brothers and sisters) in Pusan, 209 criminal adolescents from adolescent correctional institution in Pusan, 230 high school students through questionnaire, MMPI(Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory), and PBI(Parental Bonding Instrument), and then compared these three groups by Chi-square test, T-test, and Anova. Results : In most cases, male delinquent adolescents were placed in poorer socio-economic conditions than those of students, but in better socio-economic conditions than those of criminal adolescents. In general, the assaulters were senior family members, physically stronger than sufferers, and have bad brotherliness. Compared with normal students, the serious problem of violence including violence to the ancestors in delinquent and criminal adolescents. On results of MMPI and PBI test, there were significant difference between violent group and non-violent group on the Sc score and Passive aggressive index in adolescent delinquents and parental overprotection in normal students. Conclusion : Generally the characteristics of family violence by male delinquent adolescents were intermediate between those of criminal adolescent and students, these results were same as those of previous socio-psychiatric study, and so the intervention in criminal adolescents is needed for the prevention of family violence.

Investigation of Cell-to-module Loss for CIGS and Perovskite Modules

Gee Yeong Kim(김지영) 한국태양에너지학회 2021 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.11

Nanoscale observation of surface potential and carrier transport in Cu ₂ ZnSn(S,Se) ₄ thin films grown by sputtering-based two-step process

Kim, Gee Yeong,Kim, Ju Ri,Jo, William,Son, Dae-Ho,Kim, Dae-Hwan,Kang, Jin-Kyu Springer 2014 Nanoscale research letters Vol.9 No.1

<P>Stacked precursors of Cu-Zn-Sn-S were grown by radio frequency sputtering and annealed in a furnace with Se metals to form thin-film solar cell materials of Cu<SUB>2</SUB>ZnSn(S,Se)<SUB>4</SUB> (CZTSSe). The samples have different absorber layer thickness of 1 to 2 μm and show conversion efficiencies up to 8.06%. Conductive atomic force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy were used to explore the local electrical properties of the surface of CZTSSe thin films. The high-efficiency CZTSSe thin film exhibits significantly positive bending of surface potential around the grain boundaries. Dominant current paths along the grain boundaries are also observed. The surface electrical parameters of potential and current lead to potential solar cell applications using CZTSSe thin films, which may be an alternative choice of Cu(In,Ga)Se<SUB>2</SUB>.</P><P><B>PACS number:</B> 08.37.-d; 61.72.Mm; 71.35.-y</P>

Laser Processing for Lead Halide Perovskite and Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ Solar Cells and Modules

Gee Yeong Kim 한국신재생에너지학회 2023 AFORE Vol.2023 No.11

High photo-conversion efficiency Cu₂ZnSn(S,Se)₄ thin-film solar cells prepared by compound-precursors and metal-precursors

Kim, Juran,Kim, Gee Yeong,Son, Dae-Ho,Yang, Kee-Jeong,Kim, Dae-Hwan,Kang, Jin-Kyu,Jo, William Elsevier 2018 Solar energy materials and solar cells Vol.183 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Cu<SUB>2</SUB>ZnSn(S,Se)<SUB>4</SUB> (CZTSSe) thin-film solar cells have been fabricated by various methods. Sputtering is one of the vacuum processes that can be used for the growth of the precursors. In this study, CZTSSe thin-films that were fabricated using metal-precursors and with a high efficiency of 12.3% were examined in a comparison with CZTSSe thin-films that were fabricated using compound-precursors, whose efficiency is 9.1%. Especially, the Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) analysis and local current measurement by conductive atomic force microscopy (c-AFM) show that their local electrical properties indicate completely opposite results. The grain boundaries (GBs) has a downward surface potential bending, and this repelled the minority carriers into the intragrains (IGs) in the sample from the metal-precursors. Therefore, we originally verified the differences between the carrier behaviors and the current flows on the surface.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Using different precursor materials and stacks, Cu<SUB>2</SUB>ZnSn(S,Se)<SUB>4</SUB> thin-film solar cells were fabricated. </LI> <LI> The PCE of the metal-precursor CZTSSe solar cell is 12.3%, while that of compound-precursor's is 9.1%. </LI> <LI> Downward potential bending was observed in the metal-precursor CZTSSe thin-film. </LI> <LI> Surface current was formed on the intra-grains on the metal-precursor CZTSSe thin-film. </LI> <LI> The compound-precursor CZTSSe thin-film indicated inversed results from the metal-precursor one. </LI> </UL> </P>

Nanoscale investigation of surface potential distribution of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin films grown with additional NaF layers

Kim Gee Yeong,Kim Juran,Jo William,Son Dae-Ho,Kim Dae-Hwan,Kang Jin-Kyu 나노기술연구협의회 2014 Nano Convergence Vol.1 No.27

CZTS precursors [SLG/Mo (300 nm)/ZnS (460 nm)/SnS (480 nm)/Cu (240 nm)] were deposited by RF/DC sputtering, and then NaF layers (0, 15, and 30 nm) were grown by electron beam evaporation. The precursors were annealed in a furnace with Se metals at 590°C for 20 minutes. The final composition of the CZTSSe thin-films was of Cu/(Zn + Sn) ~ 0.88 and Zn/Sn ~ 1.05, with a metal S/Se ratio estimated at ~0.05. The CZTSSe thin-films have different NaF layer thicknesses in the range from 0 to 30 nm, achieving a ~3% conversion efficiency, and the CZTSSe thin-films contain ~3% of Na. Kelvin probe force microscopy was used to identify the local potential difference that varied according to the thickness of the NaF layer on the CZTSSe thin-films. The potential values at the grain boundaries were observed to increase as the NaF thickness increased. Moreover, the ratio of the positively charged GBs in the CZTSSe thin-films with an NaF layer was higher than that of pure CZTSSe thin-films. A positively charged potential was observed around the grain boundaries of the CZTSSe thin-films, which is a beneficial characteristic that can improve the performance of a device.

Optical and surface probe investigation of secondary phases in Cu₂ZnSnS₄ films grown by electrochemical deposition

Kim, Gee Yeong,Jo, William,Lee, Kee Doo,Choi, Hee-Su,Kim, Jin Young,Shin, Hae-Young,Nguyen, Trang Thi Thu,Yoon, Seokhyun,Joo, Beom Soo,Gu, Minseon,Han, Moonsup Elsevier 2015 Solar energy materials and solar cells Vol.139 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Cu<SUB>2</SUB>ZnSnS<SUB>4</SUB> (CZTS) films were grown by electrochemical deposition, and we measured the work function of the as-grown and of the KCN-etched CZTS surfaces by using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and micro-Raman scattering spectroscopy with incident laser wavelengths of 488.0 and 632.8nm, respectively, and the results indicate that a secondary phase formed at different depths. The KPFM measurements can discriminate phase uniformity at the nano-scale. Secondary phases, such as Cu<SUB>2−<I>x</I> </SUB>S (0<<I>x</I><1), ZnS, and MoS<SUB>2</SUB>, were identified on the as-grown surface while Cu<SUB>2−<I>x</I> </SUB>S was removed from the KCN-etched surface. The KCN-etched CZTS absorption layer was measured to have a 5.0% conversion efficiency. Owing to the low cost of electrochemical deposition, it is desirable to obtain high tailored CZTS films can be obtained with the robust surface characteristics of a uniform work function with a single phase.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Effects of KCN etching on surface properties of CZTS. </LI> <LI> Phase identification by Raman scattering spectroscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy. </LI> <LI> Secondary phases on CZTS and their work function values. </LI> <LI> Etching of Cu<SUB>2−<I>x</I> </SUB>S by KCN and its resultant change on the morphology and potential. </LI> <LI> Improved surface, eventually interface in the PN junction, enhancing the efficiency. </LI> </UL> </P>

Effect of Seasoning Vegetables on the Removal of Pesticide Residues

Youn Gee Kim,Mijeong Kim,Seulki Kim,Yeong Ok Song 한국식품영양과학회 2015 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2015 No.8

Cu2ZnSnSe4 태양전지의 적용을 위한 최적화 된 CdS 버퍼층 연구

김지영(Kim Gee-yeong),정아름(Jeong Ah Reum),조윌렴(Jo William) 한국태양에너지학회 2012 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.3

Cu2ZnSnSe4(CZTSe) is emerged as a promising material for thin-film solar cells because of non-toxic, inexpensive and earth abundant more than Cu(In, Ga)Se2 materials. For fabricating compound semiconductor thin-film solar cells, CdS is widely used for a buffer layer which fabricated by a chemical bath deposition method (CBD). Through the experiment, we controlled deposition temperature and mol ratio of solution conditions to find the proper grain 크기 and exact composition. The optimum CdS layers were characterized in terms of surface morphology by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). The optimized CdS layer process was applied on CZTSe thin-films. The thickness of buffer layer related with device perfomance of solar cells which controlled by deposition time. Local surface potential of CdS/CZTSe thin-films was investigated by Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). From these results, we can deduce local electric properties with different thickness of buffer layer on CZTSe thin-films. Therefore, we investigated the effect of CdS buffer layer thickness on the CZTSe thin-films for decreasing device losses. From this study, we can suggest buffer layer thickness which contributes to efficiencies and device performance of CZTSe thin-film solar cells.