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Jong Won Lee,Jihyoun Lee,Min Hyuk Lee,Se Kyung Lee,Wan Sung Kim,So-Youn Jung,Zisun Kim,Juhyung Lee,Hyun Jo Youn,SMARTSHIP 대한외과학회 2021 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.101 No.2
Purpose: As the survival rates of cancer patients have been increasing due to early diagnosis and technological advances in treatment, their caregiver burden has also emerged as an important issue. In view of this situation, this study aims to investigate the unmet needs and quality of life of caregivers of Korean breast cancer survivors. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional interview survey was performed among 160 caregivers of Korean breast cancer survivors. Caregivers who gave written informed consent to participate completed the Comprehensive Needs Assessment Tool for Cancer Caregivers and EuroQol-5 Dimensions. Results: The mean age of the caregivers was 46.4 years, 44.4% (71 of 160) were spouses of patients, and 52.5% (84 of 160) were personally taking care of cancer survivors. Unmet needs were highest in the ‘healthcare staff’ domain and the item with the highest level of unmet needs was ‘needed information about the current status of the patient’s illness and its future courses.’ Poorer quality of life was closely related to higher levels of unmet needs. In multiple regression analysis, older age, employment, the presence of religion, and higher levels of stress and despair in daily life were associated with higher levels of unmet needs. Conclusion: The most prevalent unmet need in Korean breast cancer caregivers was found in the ‘healthcare staff’ domain, and their quality of life was closely related to unmet needs. Therefore, healthcare staff is required to make efforts to accurately identify breast cancer caregivers vulnerable in terms of unmet needs and address their unmet needs.
The reality in the follow-up of breast cancer survivors
Ku Sang Kim,Zisun Kim,Eun-Jung Shim,Nam Hyoung Kim,So-Youn Jung,Jisun Kim,Guiyun Sohn,Jong Won Lee,Jihyoung Cho,Jung Eun Lee,Juhyung Lee,Hyun Jo Youn,Jihyoun Lee,Min Hyuk Lee 대한외과학회 2015 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.88 No.3
Purpose: Follow-up after primary treatment for breast cancer is an important component of survivor care and various international guidelines exist for the surveillance. However, little is known about current actual practice patterns of physicians whether they adhere to or deviate from recommended guidelines. The aim of this study was to determine how physicians follow-up their patients after primary treatment for breast cancer in Korea. Methods: A questionnaire survey with 34 questions in 4 categories was e-mailed to the members of Korean Breast Cancer Society from November to December 2013. Respondents were asked how they use follow-up modalities after primary treatment of breast cancer and we compared the survey results with present guidelines. Results: Of the 129 respondents, 123 (95.3%) were breast surgeons. The most important consideration in follow-up was tumor stage. History taking, physical examinations, and mammography were conducted in similar frequency recommended by other guidelines while breast ultrasonography was performed more often. The advanced imaging studies such as CT, MRI, and bone scan, which had been recommended to be conducted only if necessary, were also examined more frequently. Regular screenings for secondary malignancy were performed in 38 respondents (29.5%). Five years later after primary treatment, almost the whole respondents (94.6%) themselves monitored their patients. Conclusion: A majority of respondents have been performed more intensive follow-up modalities in comparison with present guidelines and less frequently screenings for secondary malignancy. For optimal follow-up of breast cancer survivors, tailored delivery system should be considered.
Lee, Jiae,Kim, Jaeyun,Nguyen, Thanh Luan,Kim, Miso,Park, Juhyung,Lee, Yeran,Hwang, Sungu,Kwon, Young-Wan,Kwak, Jeonghun,Woo, Han Young American Chemical Society 2018 Macromolecules Vol.51 No.9
<P>A semicrystalline p-type thermoelectric conjugated polymer based on a polymer backbone of cyclopentadithiophene and benzothiadiazole, poly[(4,4′-(bis(hexyldecylsulfanyl)methylene)cyclopenta[2,1-<I>b</I>:3,4-<I>b</I>′]dithiophene)-<I>alt</I>-(benzo[<I>c</I>][1,2,5]thiadiazole)] (PCPDTSBT), is designed and synthesized by replacing normal alkyl side-chains with bis(alkylsulfanyl)methylene substituents. The sp<SUP>2</SUP>-hybridized olefinic bis(alkylsulfanyl)methylene side-chains and the sulfur-sulfur (S-S) chalcogen interactions extend a chain planarity with strong interchain packing, which is confirmed by density functional calculations and morphological studies, i.e., grazing incidence X-ray scattering measurement. The doping, electrical, morphological, and thermoelectric characteristics of PCPDTSBT are investigated by comparison with those of poly[(4,4′-bis(2-ethylhexyl)cyclopenta[2,1-<I>b</I>:3,4-<I>b</I>′]dithiophene)-<I>alt</I>-(benzo[<I>c</I>][1,2,5]thiadiazole)] (PCPDTBT) with ethylhexyl side-chains. Upon doping with a Lewis acid, B(C<SUB>6</SUB>F<SUB>5</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>, the maximum electrical conductivity (7.47 S cm<SUP>-1</SUP>) of PCPDTSBT is ∼1 order higher than that (0.65 S cm<SUP>-1</SUP>) of PCPDTBT, and the best power factor is measured to be 7.73 μW m<SUP>-1</SUP> K<SUP>-2</SUP> for PCPDTSBT with doping 9 mol % of B(C<SUB>6</SUB>F<SUB>5</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>. The Seebeck coefficient-electrical conductivity relation is analyzed by using a charge transport model for polymers, suggesting that the doped PCPDTSBT film has superb charge transport property based on a high crystallinity with olefinic side-chains. This study emphasizes the importance of side-chain engineering by using the sp<SUP>2</SUP>-hybridized olefinic substituents to modulate interchain packing, crystalline morphology, and the resulting electrical properties.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
A Financing Model to Solve Financial Barriers for Implementing Green Building Projects
Lee, Sanghyo,Lee, Baekrae,Kim, Juhyung,Kim, Jaejun Scientific World, Inc 2013 The Scientific World Journal Vol.2013 No.-
<P> Along with the growing interest in greenhouse gas reduction, the effect of greenhouse gas energy reduction from implementing green buildings is gaining attention. The government of the Republic of Korea has set green growth as its paradigm for national development, and there is a growing interest in energy saving for green buildings. However, green buildings may have financial barriers that have high initial construction costs and uncertainties about future project value. Under the circumstances, governmental support to attract private funding is necessary to implement green building projects. The objective of this study is to suggest a financing model for facilitating green building projects with a governmental guarantee based on Certified Emission Reduction (CER). In this model, the government provides a guarantee for the increased costs of a green building project in return for CER. And this study presents the validation of the model as well as feasibility for implementing green building project. In addition, the suggested model assumed governmental guarantees for the increased cost, but private guarantees seem to be feasible as well because of the promising value of the guarantee from CER. To do this, certification of Clean Development Mechanisms (CDMs) for green buildings must be obtained. </P>