Development and Optimization of a Rapid Colorimetric Membrane Immunoassay for Porphyromonas gingivalis

( Jiyon Lee ),( Myoung-kwon Choi ),( Jinju Kim ),( Sechul Chun ),( Hong-gyum Kim ),( Hosung Lee ),( Jinsoo Kim ),( Dongwook Lee ),( Seung-hyun Han ),( Do-young Yoon ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.5

Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a major bacterial pathogen that causes periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease of tissues around the teeth. Periodontitis is known to be related to other diseases, such as oral cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and rheumatism. Thus, a precise and sensitive test to detect P. gingivalis is necessary for the early diagnosis of periodontitis. The objective of this study was to optimize a rapid visual detection system for P. gingivalis. First, we performed a visual membrane immunoassay using 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB; blue) and coating and detection antibodies that could bind to the host laboratory strain, ATCC 33277. Antibodies against the P. gingivalis surface adhesion molecules RgpB (arginine proteinase) and Kgp (lysine proteinase) were determined to be the most specific coating and detection antibodies, respectively. Using these two selected antibodies, the streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) reaction was performed using a nitrocellulose membrane and visualized with a detection range of 10³-10⁵ bacterial cells/ml following incubation for 15 min. These selected conditions were applied to test other oral bacteria, and the results showed that P. gingivalis could be detected without cross-reactivity to other bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans and Escherichia fergusonii. Furthermore, three clinical strains of P. gingivalis, KCOM 2880, KCOM 2803, and KCOM 3190, were also recognized using this optimized enzyme immunoassay (EIA) system. To conclude, we established optimized conditions for P. gingivalis detection with specificity, accuracy, and sensitivity. These results could be utilized to manufacture economical and rapid detection kits for P. gingivalis.

Cell Adhesion Status-dependent Histone Acetylation Is Regulated through Intracellular Contractility-related Signaling Activities

Kim, Yong-Bae,Yu, Jiyon,Lee, Sung-Yul,Lee, Mi-Sook,Ko, Seong-Gyu,Ye, Sang-Kyu,Jong, Hyun-Soon,Kim, Tae-You,Bang, Yung-Jue,Lee, Jung Weon American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2005 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.280 No.31

pncA Large Deletion is the Characteristic of Pyrazinamide-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis belonging to the East Asian Lineage

Kim Na Yung,Kim Do Young,Chu Jiyon,Jung Seung-Hyun 대한감염학회 2023 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.55 No.2

Background: Pyrazinamide (PZA) is often used as an add-on agent in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, regardless of phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (pDST) results. However, evaluating the effectiveness of PZA is challenging because of its low pH activity, which can result in unreliable pDST results. This study aimed to investigate the genomic characteristics associated with PZA resistance that can be used to develop genotypic DST. Materials and Methods: A publicly available whole genome sequencing (WGS) dataset of 10,725 Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex genomes (3,326 phenotypically PZA-resistant and 7,399 phenotypically PZA-susceptible isolates) were analyzed. Results: In total, 2,934 pncA non-silent mutations were identified in 2,880 isolates (26.9%). Detected mutations were found throughout the entire coding region of pncA in a scattered pattern, of which the most frequent mutation was p.Q10P (n = 278), followed by p.H57D (n = 167) and c.-11A>G (n = 122). The sensitivity and specificity of the group 1 or 2 mutations reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) mutational catalogue were 73.0% and 98.9%, respectively. We further identified 18 novel pncA mutations that were significantly associated with phenotypically PZA-resistant. In addition to these mutations, we identified 102 large deletions in the pncA gene, and all but two isolates were phenotypically resistant to PZA isolates. Notably, pncA deletions were mutually exclusive to pncA mutations, and more than half of the isolates with pncA large deletions belonged to the East Asian lineage (67.6%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the pooled variants (group 1 or 2 mutations, novel resistance-associated mutations, and large deletions of the pncA gene) were 79.0%, 98.9%, 97.0%, and 91.3%, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) value for the pooled variants was significantly higher than the AUC value for the group 1 or 2 mutations (P <0.001), indicating that the pooled variants have a better discriminative ability for predicting PZA resistance. Conclusion: Using WGS, we found that the pncA mutations are scattered without specific mutational hotspots, and large deletions associated with PZA resistance are more common in the East Asian lineage of M. tuberculosis isolates. Our data also demonstrated the reliability of group 1 or 2 mutations presented in the WHO mutation catalogue and the need for further investigation on group 3 mutations, contributing to the evaluation of the current knowledge base on mutations associated with the PZA-resistant M. tuberculosis complex.

청소년의 가출횟수 및 청소년쉼터 이용경험에 따른 집단 특성 검증

김지연(Kim, Jiyon),정소연(Jung, Soyon) 한국청소년정책연구원 2015 한국청소년연구 Vol.26 No.4

이 연구는 가출횟수와 청소년쉼터 이용 등에 있어 차이가 있는 청소년들을 몇 개의 집단으로 범주화한 뒤, 각 집단이 인구사회학적 특성, 적응 및 비행행위에 근거할 때 서로 유의미하게 다르다고 할 수 있는지, 만약 그렇다면 구체적으로 어떻게 다른지를 규명하는 것을 주요 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 2012년 청소년유해환경 접촉 종합실태조사 데이터에 대한 2차 자료분석을 실시하였다. 분석과정에서는 먼저 가출횟수에 따라 청소년들을 무가출, 가출1회, 반복가출 집단으로 구분한 뒤 판별분석을 실행하였으며, 그 결과 이 세 집단이 서로 유의하게 다름을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 본 연구는 청소년 쉼터 인지 및 이용경험에 따라 가출청소년을 쉼터미인지, 쉼터비이용, 쉼터이용 집단으로 구분한 뒤 동일한 분석을 실행하였으며 이에 대해서도 유의한 결과를 확인할 수 있었다. 분석 결과에 기초할 때, 반복가출 및 청소년쉼터를 이용한 경험이 있는 청소년들은 그렇지 않은 또래에 비해 평균연령이 높았고, 남자, 비(非)양친가정, 빈곤가정의 비율이 높았으며, 부모와의 갈등, 학교폭력 피해, 지위비행, 성비행, 폭력비행 경험 역시 높았던 반면 생활만족도와 학업성적은 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 가출경험 및 청소년쉼터 이용에 따라 구분된 청소년집단에 대해 차별화된 개입과 지원이 필요함을 시사해주는 것으로서 본 연구는 분석결과에 기초하여 정책적 및 실천적 함의를 제시하였다. This study aimed to answer the following questions: (1) Are non-runaway youth, one-time runaway youth, and repeated-runaway youth, the three groups categorized based on the frequency of running away, significantly different from each other? If so, how are they different?; (2) Are the three runaway youth groups categorized based on whether they knew of and/or have ever used shelter services significantly different from each other? If so, how are they different? The data for this study were drawn from the dataset ‘Youth’s Exposure to Deviant Behaviors and Harmful Environment’(Ministry of Gender Equality and Family, Korean Government, 2012), and multivariate discriminant analysis was performed. The analysis results indicated significant differences among the youth groups. Specifically, the results showed that the repeated runaway youth and runaway youth who had used shelter services were more likely to be children from poor and non-intact families, to have had experience of family conflict and school violence, and to have been involved in various problem behaviors such as cigarette use and fighting, compared to their peers. Based on the results, a number of policy and practice implications were presented.

형사절차단계에서 범죄피해청소년의 경험과 정책 개선방안 : 인권관점을 중심으로

김지연(Kim, Jiyon),정소연(Jung,Soyon),김혁(Kim, Hyeok) 한국피해자학회 2020 被害者學硏究 Vol.28 No.1

2018년 대검찰청 범죄분석에 따르면 전체 범죄피해자 가운데 7세 이상 20세 이하 범죄피해자는 11만 명을 넘는다. 그럼에도 불구하고 U.N. 아동권리협약에 의거할 때 아동에 해당하는 18세 미만 범죄피해자 통계가 따로 생산・관리되지 않아 정확한 규모조차 파악하기 어려운 상태이다. 뿐만 아니라 개인정보 보호와 연구윤리 문제로 범죄피해청소년에 대한 접근도 용이하지 않아서 이들에 대한 인권실태 파악을 시도한 연구는 그동안 극히 제한적이었다. 폭력 등 일부 범죄의 경우 피해경험이 제대로 치유되지 않아 피해자가 가해자로 전이되는 양상이 관찰되기도 한다. 아동・청소년기 범죄피해경험은 이후 생애전반에 막대한 영향을 미치므로 국가차원에서 다루어야 할 주요 사안이다. 범죄피해청소년의 인권보호는 시민적 권리측면에서 당연한 조치일 뿐 아니라 중・장기적으로 국가경쟁력을 제고하고 사회적 비용 감소에 기여할 수 있기 때문이다. 이러한 문제의식에서 출발한 본 연구는 범죄피해청소년이 형사절차단계에서 경험한 인권보호실태를 통해 근거기반(evidence) 정책 추진을 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 것을 목표로 한다. 조사결과를 기반으로 수사단계, 처분결정단계, 재판단계(보호 및 공판) 등 형사절차단계별 실무지침 개선(안)과 법률 개정을 포함한 중・장기 정책과제를 제안하였다. The importance and need for personal protection work for crime victims is growing day by day. The police are struggling in their own way, but there are many different issues raised with their personal protection work. This study aimed to examine the personal protection systems of the police currently in force, identify their issues at the legal and institutional level, and review their improvement tasks. The study first analyzed previous studies on personal protection by the police, sorted out the issues pointed out in previous studies, and examined their implications. It then gave an overview of ten personal protection measures implemented by the police and checked their actual operation. The ground laws, conditions, and procedures for personal protection measures were compared and analyzed regarding frequent cases in the field. A proper interpretation theory was developed for each case, and issues due to the limitations of current laws were examined in practical affairs. For improvement plans, the study proposed the following alternatives in the aspects of legislation, the study made an argument to enact a general law(provision) on personal protection with no restriction of application for victims, secure efficiency in the compilation and execution of a budget in proportion to the importance of duties, and prepare an effective procedure for insubordination and relief of right, proposing specific legislation models for them.

지능정보기술을 활용한 위기청소년 사회서비스 지원 확충방안

김지연 ( Kim Jiyon ),이경상 ( Lee Kyeong-sang ) 한국소년정책학회 2020 少年保護硏究 Vol.33 No.2

The study investigated the direction and feasibility of the Intelligent Information Technology usage under the premise of ‘expanding the social services provided for at-risk youths.’ The aim, in particular, was to search for measures of welfare supports provided for at-risk youths based on the Intelligent Information Technology, in line with the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, for the construction of ‘dense social safety net,’ and to deduce medium to long-term policy projects for expanded social services for youth in crisis. To achieve these aims, first, literature review was conducted to study the Intelligent Information Technology and social service supports for the youths in crisis. Second, AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process), FGI(Focus Group Interview), and surveys for teenagers were conducted to gather opinions relevant to data linkage and usage and protection of personal information. Lastly, a measure for supporting at-risk youths based on the Intelligent Information Technology was investigated. Based on the research results, 4 policy projects and 9 specific project tasks have been proposed for the expansion of at-risk youth social service using the Intelligent Information Technology. First, 4 policy projects are as follows: 1) strengthening legal evidence for data linkage and usage; 2) strengthening the development and usage of safety protection measures for youths based on the Intelligent Information Technology; 3) improving at-risk youth information system; and 4) establishing AI (Artificial Intelligence)-based welfare support systems for youth counseling. In addition to four major policy projects, specific project tasks have been suggested for each. For the first policy project, 1) strengthening legal evidence for data linkage and usage, two specific tasks were suggested as follows: 1-1) revision of Youth Welfare Support Act : provision of evidence for data linkage and usage; 1-2) provision of management regulation of public records of youths. For the second policy project, 2) strengthening the development and usage of safety protection measures for youths based on the IT, two specific tasks were suggested as follows: 2-1) extended development and supply of youth safety protection applications; 2-2) management of performance index for the cases of youth safety protection applications installation. For the third project policy, 3) improving at-risk youth information system, three specific tasks were suggested as follows: 3-1) establishment of an integrated youth information network (tentative name); 3-2) provision of personal information protection management system; 3-3) linkage of integrated social service information system. For the fourth policy project, 4) establishing AI (Artificial Intelligence)-based welfare support systems for youth counseling, two specific project tasks were suggested as follows: 4-1) provision of foundation for accumulating raw data for big data analysis; 4-2) construction of youth big data platform and centers.

포용국가 청소년정책의 추진 현황과 과제: 핵심 추진 과제 ‘지자체 청소년안전망팀 선도사업’을 중심으로

김지연 ( Kim Jiyon ) 한국보건사회연구원 2021 보건복지포럼 Vol.296 No.-

이 글은 「포용국가 청소년정책 방향」의 지난 1년간 추진 현황을 점검하고 향후 과제를 살펴보는 데 목적이 있다. 여기에서는 주요 전략 중 하나인 ‘청소년의 균등한 성장 기회 보장’에 따른 ‘지자체 청소년안전망팀 선도사업’을 중심으로 검토하였다. ‘청소년의 균등한 성장 기회 보장’ 전략은 공적 책임하에 위기 청소년을 포함한 다양한 청소년을 위한 촘촘한 안전망 구축을 목표로 한다. 그간의 성과로, 지역사회 청소년 통합지원체계(CYS-Net)의 명칭을 청소년안전망으로 변경하면서 시·군·구 내에 전담조직인 청소년안전망팀을 설치하는 선도사업을 운영(2019~)하고, 위기 청소년 통합지원정보시스템(2020~2022) 구축에 본격적으로 착수한 것을 들 수 있다. 다만 청소년을 둘러싼 유해 환경이 급변하고 있고 위기 청소년 보호는 지방자치단체의 고유 사무임에도 15개 시·군·구에서 시범 운영 형태로 추진되어 지자체의 책무 이행 정도가 아쉽다. 한편, 포용국가 아동정책에 따라 시·군·구 단위에 아동학대전담공무원, 아동보호전담요원의 적정 인력 배치도 필요한 상황이므로 개별 부처가 아닌 ‘지역사회 중심 위기 아동·청소년 통합보호체계’ 구축 방안을 모색해야 한다. 포용국가 청소년정책은 패러다임의 전환을 강조했다는 점에서 그간의 대책과 차별화된다. 그러나 정책 기조의 대전환을 위해서는 과감한 혁신이 요구되며 그에 부합하는 전향적인 투자가 전제되어야 할 것이다. This article is intended to review the current status of the Youth Protection Policy over the past year and the challenges in the future. The focus is especially on the “Youth Support Net Project”, a part of the “Equal Growth Opportunities for Youth” initiative. The Equal Growth Opportunities for Youth Initiative is aimed at building up a safety net for youth including those deemed at risk. The initiative helped set up Youth Safety Net Teams, local-level entities that are tasked to provide a comprehensive set of services for youth. Also, efforts are under way as part of this initiative to construct the “Integrated Information System for At-risk Youth” (2020-2022). Although the harmful environment surrounding youth is rapidly changing and the local community should take full responsibility for youth protection, Youth Support Net is however still being piloted in only 15 regions nationwide. The local governments should concern and fulfill their obligations in youth intervention. What sets this policy apart from previous measures is that it focuses on a paradigm shift. However, bold innovation is required to completely change policy foundation, and whether it will succeed or fail depends on how much the government will invest in the policy.

Spatial Price Competition in the Korean Retail Gasoline Market

Kim, Donghun,Lee, Jiyon Korean Resource Economics Association 2014 자원·환경경제연구 Vol.23 No.4

This paper analyzes competition among service stations in the Korean gasoline market. We consider spatial differentiation as a source of product differentiation as well as the characteristics of the stations and vertical contracts between refiners and retailers as factors causing changes in equilibrium prices in the Korean gasoline retail market. The effect of the government's price disclosure policy on the retail market competition is also analyzed. Moran's I test indicates that the prices of neighboring gas stations are spatially correlated in the market. It is also found that gasoline prices for vertically integrated stations are much lower than those for independent stations. In addition, unbranded stations charge lower prices than branded stations but also induce branded stations to price more competitively. Meanwhile, the government's price disclosure policy did intensify price competition in the retail gasoline market. It is inferred that the price disclosure policy contributed to retailers gaining more bargain power in price negotiation with refiners, causing an eventual increase in retail prices.

비서의 일 주도성 및 디지털 리터러시(Digital Literacy)와 무형식학습의 관계

김지현(Kim, Jihyeon),백지연(Paek, Jeeyon),이지연(Lee, Jiyon) 한국비서학회 2018 비서·사무경영연구 Vol.27 No.1

본 연구는 최근 비서직 채용공고를 통해 과거 대비 새로운 요구 역량으로 등장한 일 주도성3과 디지털 리터러시(Digital Literacy)가 무형식학습에 미치는 영향력을 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 국내 현직 비서 214명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고 이 때 표본추출에 특별한 제한을 두지 않았다. 수집된 데이터를 토대로 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 비서의 일 주도성은 무형식학습 활동과 결과 모두에 유의미한 정(+)의 관계를 보였다. 반면, 디지털 리터러시(Digital Literacy)는 디지털 및 스마트 기기를 활용하여 정보를 검색하고, 검색한 정보의 유용성과 신빙성을 판별하여 업무에 필요한 형태로 재창조하는 능력인 ‘디지털 리터러시Ⅰ’과 SNS를 통한 정보와 지식의 공유를 위한 의사소통 능력인 ‘디지털 리터러시 Ⅱ’로 나뉘어져 각각 다른 영향력을 나타냈다. ‘디지털 리터러시 Ⅰ’은 조직 내 무형식학습 활동에, ‘디지털 리터러시 Ⅱ’는 조직 외 무형식학습 활동에 유의미한 정(+)의 관계를 보였으며, 무형식학습 결과에 있어 ‘디지털 리터러시 Ⅰ’은 정(+)의 유의미한 관계를 보였으나, ‘디지털 리터러시 Ⅱ’는 유의미한 영향관계가 보이지 않았다. 본 연구 결과는 비서직에 새롭게 요구되는 역량인 일 주도성과 디지털 리터러시(Digital Literacy)가 무형식학습에 미치는 영향력을 확인함으로써 비서직 채용과 교육의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. The aims of this study is to examine the effect of the secretary"s personal initiative and digital literacy on informal learning activities and results, which have newly emerged as required qualifications by recent job postings in Korea, In this study, a survey of 214 incumbent secretaries in Korea was conducted. According to the regression analysis, the secretary"s personal initiative has a positive effect both on the informal learning activities and the results. However, digital literacy was divided into two components and the study found that each has a different influence on the informal learning. First, "Digital literacy Ⅰ", which describes the ability to use digital and smart devices, had a positive effect on the informal learning activities in the organizations and outcomes of informal learning. Second, "Digital literacy Ⅱ", which reflects the communication skill through SNS to share information and knowledge, indicated a positive effect on the informal learning activities from external organizations, but there is no effect on the informal learning results. This study indicates that the effect of the secretary"s personal initiative and digital literacy on informal learning may have a positive impact on educating qualified secretaries.

A Study on Application of Student-Centered Flipped Learning: Focusing on Social Studies in a Korean 4th grade Elementary School Class

( Youngbae Kim ),( Jiyon Lee ),( Yumi Im ) 한국교육공학회 2014 한국교육공학회 학술대회발표자료집 Vol.2014 No.2

This study aims at presenting the findings of a study on the development and application of student-centered flipped learning lesson plans in a Korean elementary school class. Towards this end, the lesson plans were constructed based upon steps and elements of the flipped learning model drawn from previous research and implemented in two fourth-grade social studies classes of 44 students. To delve into the effectiveness of the flipped learning model in social studies classes, we examined students`` perceptions of it and academic achievement. The Findings of this study indicated that students generally had a positive attitude towards classes using the flipped learning model compared with other classroom activities and acquired a deeper understanding of relevant concepts and knowledge taught during this study. The main results of the analysis of their perceptions were as follows: First, students appreciated that there was much more interaction between the teacher and students, between students and learning contents, and between classmates. Second, it was shown that students used similar to or somewhat much time to prepare for in-class activities and they felt that the time was meaningful. Third, they also appreciated the after class activities with regard to expansion of key concepts taught in classes were very meaningful. In addition, regarding the academic achievement, the students`` academic achievements after implementing the flipped learning classes were improved significantly. Furthermore, this research also discusses some implications for improving the flipped learning model.