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( Jimin Han ),( Bo Kyung Koo ),( Sung Hee Um ),( Dong Soo Seo ),( Sae Kyung Joo ),( Jeong Mo Bae ),( Jeong Hwan Park ),( Mee Soo Chang ),( Jung Ho Kim ),( Jieun Lee ),( Won-il Jeong ),( Won Kim ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: We explored whether growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) affects the histological severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) independent of insulin resistance. Methods: In a biopsy-proven NAFLD cohort, we measured serum GDF15 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: Among 190 subjects (mean age, 53 ± 14 years; men, 52.1%), 72 (men, 65.3%) and 78 (men, 44.9%) were diagnosed with biopsy-proven non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) respectively. GDF15 levels were significantly higher in NASH patients than in controls (P=.010) or NAFL patients (P=.001). Subjects with advanced fibrosis (≥F3) also showed higher GDF15 levels compared to the others (F0-2; P<.001). Among NAFLD patients, the highest quartile of GDF15 levels was significantly associated with a risk of advanced fibrosis even after adjustment for age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, hypertension, diabetes, aspartate aminotransferase, platelet, albumin, insulin resistance and low skeletal muscle mass (odds ratio, 4.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-17.63), but not with NASH risk. GDF15 levels showed a significant positive correlation with liver stiffness (Spearman’s ρ, .525; P<.001). Palmitate treatment increased the GDF15 mRNA expression level significantly in Kupffer cells, but not in hepatocytes. In LX-2 cells, GDF15 treatment resulted in enhanced expression of α-smooth muscle actin and collagen I, as well as phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that GDF15 may serve as a novel biomarker of advanced fibrosis in NAFLD, thereby indicating the need for urgent anti-fibrotic pharmacotherapy.
Design and Evaluation of a CMOS Image Sensor with Dual-CDS and Column-parallel SS-ADCs
Um, Bu-Yong,Kim, Jong-Ryul,Kim, Sang-Hoon,Lee, Jae-Hoon,Cheon, Jimin,Choi, Jaehyuk,Chun, Jung-Hoon The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2017 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.17 No.1
This paper describes a CMOS image sensor (CIS) with dual correlated double sampling (CDS) and column-parallel analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and its measurement method using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) integrated module. The CIS is composed of a $320{\times}240$ pixel array with $3.2{\mu}m{\times}3.2{\mu}m$ pixels and column-parallel 10-bit single-slope ADCs. It is fabricated in a $0.11-{\mu}m$ CIS process, and consumes 49.2 mW from 1.5 V and 3.3 V power supplies while operating at 6.25 MHz. The measured dynamic range is 53.72 dB, and the total and column fixed pattern noise in a dark condition are 0.10% and 0.029%. The maximum integral nonlinearity and the differential nonlinearity of the ADC are +1.15 / -1.74 LSB and +0.63 / -0.56 LSB, respectively.
Design and Evaluation of a CMOS Image Sensor with Dual-CDS and Column-parallel SS-ADCs
Bu-Yong Um,Jong-Ryul Kim,Sang-Hoon Kim,Jae-Hoon Lee,Jimin Cheon,Jaehyuk Choi,Jung-Hoon Chun 대한전자공학회 2017 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.17 No.1
This paper describes a CMOS image sensor (CIS) with dual correlated double sampling (CDS) and column-parallel analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and its measurement method using a fieldprogrammable gate array (FPGA) integrated module. The CIS is composed of a 320 x 240 pixel array with 3.2 μm x 3.2 μm pixels and column-parallel 10-bit single-slope ADCs. It is fabricated in a 0.11-μm CIS process, and consumes 49.2 mW from 1.5 V and 3.3 V power supplies while operating at 6.25 MHz. The measured dynamic range is 53.72 dB, and the total and column fixed pattern noise in a dark condition are 0.10% and 0.029%. The maximum integral nonlinearity and the differential nonlinearity of the ADC are +1.15 / -1.74 LSB and +0.63 / -0.56 LSB, respectively.