Smartphone Addiction Proneness Is Associated With Subjective-Objective Sleep Discrepancy in Patients With Insomnia Disorder

Jeewon Lee,Han-Yong Jung,Soyoung Irene Lee,HyunChul Youn,Shin-Gyeom Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2021 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.18 No.11

Objective Subjective reports of patients with insomnia often show a discrepancy with their objective assessments of sleep. We aimed to assess subjective-objective sleep discrepancy in subjects with insomnia disorder as well as the psychological factors associated with the discrepancy. Methods This study is a secondary analysis of the baseline data of a randomized controlled study on 110 adults aged 18 years to 59 years with insomnia disorder. Subjective reports on sleep and the objective measures acquired by an overnight polysomnography were used to measure the sleep discrepancy. Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale (SAPS), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and Global Assessment of Recent Stress (GARS) were used to evaluate the psychological factors associated with the sleep discrepancy. Results Mean total sleep time (TST) discrepancy of the participants was -81.65±97.41 minutes. Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that age (adjusted OR=1.07, 95% CI=1.01-1.13, p=0.027), years of education (adjusted OR=0.69, 95% CI=0.48-0.91, p=0.017), and smartphone addiction proneness (adjusted OR=1.14, 95% CI=1.04-1.27, p=0.008) were independent predictors of TST misperception. Mean sleep onset latency (SOL) discrepancy of the participants was 41.28±45.01 minutes. Only anxiety was an independent predictor of SOL misperception (adjusted OR=1.16, 95% CI=1.05-1.31, p=0.006). Conclusion The present study provides empirical evidence to increase our understanding of the various factors that are associated with subjective-objective sleep discrepancy. Screening insomnia patients with smartphone addiction proneness may help predict the potential discrepancy between the patients’ subjective reports and objective measures of sleep duration.

Childhood Emotional Abuse Is Associated With the Desire to Get Married and Have Children in Korean Young Adults

Jeewon Lee,Shin-Gyeom Kim,HyunChul Youn,Soyoung Irene Lee 대한신경정신의학회 2021 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.18 No.11

Objective Young adults putting off marriage and having less children have become recent trends in many modern societies. Yet less is known about the psychological factors underlying the drastically low marriage and fertility rates. We hypothesized that childhood maltreatment experience may have a negative association with one’s marriage and childbearing intention. Methods A total of 1,004 college students (mean age of 20.8±2.3 years, 56.1% female) completed self-questionnaires including sociodemographic information, marriage and childbearing intention, Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the effect of childhood trauma on marriage and childbearing intentions after controlling for sociodemographic variables and depression. Results 29.7% had no intention to get married and 40.4% had no intention to have children in the future. The prevalence of physical, sexual, and emotional abuse was 33.1%, 18.5%, and 22.3%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that female (p<0.001), poor health status (p=0.001), and childhood emotional abuse (p=0.01) were independent predictors of no desire to get married. Female (p<0.001), poor health status (p<0.001), and childhood emotional abuse (p=0.038) were also predictors of no desire to have children. Conclusion Childhood emotional abuse may be the most damaging form among other types of childhood maltreatment because it can occur more pervasively and persist for a longer period, causing extensive damage to a child’s emotional, social and cognitive development. Raising awareness regarding the life-long consequences of childhood emotional abuse and the need to prevent and detect childhood emotional abuse should be emphasized.

Neuropsychological Tests for Patients with Marchiafava-Bignami Disease: A Case Report

HyunChul Youn,Soyoung Irene Lee,Shin-Gyeom Kim,Jeewon Lee,Han-yong Jung 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.12

Liver injury in acute hepatitis A is associated with decreased frequency of regulatory T cells caused by Fas-mediated apoptosis

Choi, Yoon Seok,Lee, Jeewon,Lee, Hyun Woong,Chang, Dong-Yeop,Sung, Pil Soo,Jung, Min Kyung,Park, Jun Yong,Kim, Ja Kyung,Lee, Jung Il,Park, Hana,Cheong, Jae Youn,Suh, Kyung-Suk,Kim, Hyung Joon,Lee, Jun BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 2015 Gut Vol.64 No.8

<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>Foxp3<SUP>+</SUP>CD4<SUP>+</SUP>CD25<SUP>+</SUP> regulatory T cells (Tregs) control immune responses, but their role in acute viral hepatitis remains elusive. Herein, we investigated alteration in the peripheral blood Treg population during acute hepatitis A (AHA) and its implication in the immune-mediated liver injury.</P><P><B>Design</B></P><P>The study included 71 patients with AHA, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated. The suppressive activity of Treg population was determined by assessing anti-CD3/CD28-stimulated proliferation of Treg-depleted and reconstituted PBMCs. Treg cell frequency, phenotype and apoptosis in PBMCs were analysed by flow cytometry.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The frequency of circulating Tregs was reduced during AHA. Moreover, the suppressive activity of the total Treg pool in the peripheral blood was attenuated during AHA. Treg frequency and suppressive activity of the Treg population inversely correlated with the serum alanine aminotransferase level. Fas was overexpressed on Tregs during AHA, suggesting their susceptibility to Fas-induced apoptosis. Indeed, increased apoptotic death was observed in Tregs of patients with AHA compared with healthy controls. In addition, agonistic anti-Fas treatment further increased apoptotic death of Tregs from patients with AHA. The decreased Treg frequency and Fas overexpression on Tregs were not observed in other acute liver diseases such as acute hepatitis B, acute hepatitis C and toxic/drug-induced hepatitis.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>The size of the Treg pool was contracted during AHA, resulting from apoptosis of Tregs induced by a Fas-mediated mechanism. Decrease in Treg numbers led to reduced suppressive activity of the Treg pool and consequently resulted in severe liver injury during AHA.</P>

The Effect of Suicide Prevention Education on Attitudes Toward Suicide in Police Officers

Yujin Ko,HyunChul Youn,Soyoung Irene Lee,Jeewon Lee,Areum Lee,Shin-Gyeom Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2021 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.18 No.11

Objective This study investigated the effect of suicide prevention education on attitudes toward suicide among police officers. Methods We used an anonymous questionnaire for 518 officers and surveyed the demographic profiles and examined attitudes toward suicide utilizing the Attitudes Towards Suicide Scale (ATTS) (1=totally agree, 5=totally disagree). Our study divided participants into two groups, based on whether or not they had received suicide prevention education, and examined the differences in attitudes toward suicide between the groups. Results Of the total population, 247 (47.7%) officers had received suicide prevention education. The education group thought suicide as a predictable matter, disagreeing significantly more with the ATTS factor ‘suicide is unpredictable’ (3.36 vs. 3.35; p=0.001) compared with the no education group. Also, the education group more perceived suicide as a cry for help and at the same time disagreed more with the notion ‘suicidal thoughts will never disappear’ (2.08 vs. 2.26; p=0.025, 3.2 vs. 3.05; p=0.035, respectively). Conclusion Officers with experience in suicide prevention education showed more positive attitude toward suicide and suicide prevention. These findings suggest a need to organize more opportunities of suicide prevention educations, such as making the training mandatory for police officers.

Vulnerable Women’s Heart and Mind

YoungJoo Park,Nah-Mee Shin,SookJa Lee,Jeewon Youn,MyungHyun Nam 한국간호과학회 2009 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.10

Coping with Dementia in the Middle of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Nayoung Ryoo,Jung-Min Pyun,백민재,Jeewon Suh,Min Ju Kang,Min Jeong Wang,Young Chul Youn,양동원,Seong Yoon Kim,박영호,김상윤 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.42

Multiple neurological complications have been associated with the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. This is a narrative review to gather information on all aspects of COVID-19 in elderly patients with cognitive impairment. First, the following three mechanisms have been proposed to underlie the neurological complications associated with COVID-19: 1) direct invasion, 2) immune and inflammatory reaction, and 3) hypoxic brain damage by COVID-19. Next, because the elderly dementia patient population is particularly vulnerable to COVID-19, we discussed risk factors and difficulties associated with cognitive disorders in this vulnerable population. We also reviewed the effects of the patient living environment in COVID-19 cases that required intensive care unit (ICU) care. Furthermore, we analyzed the impact of stringent social restrictions and COVID-19 pandemic-mediated policies on dementia patients and care providers. Finally, we provided the following strategies for working with elderly dementia patients: general preventive methods; dementia care at home and nursing facilities according to the activities of daily living and dementia characteristics; ICU care after COVID-19 infection; and public health care system and government response. We propose that longitudinal follow-up studies are needed to fully examine COVID-19 associated neurological complications, such as dementia, and the efficacy of telemedicine/telehealth care programs.

Factors Affecting Stress and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Park Jinwoo,Lee Soyoung Irene,Lee Jeewon,Youn HyunChul,Kim Shin-Gyeom 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.2

Objective This study examined the factors influencing the mental health and stress of individuals during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Methods A total of 600 participants were enrolled in this anonymous questionnaire survey that included questions on their demographic profiles and experiences related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 Stress Scale for Korean People (CSSK), Warwick– Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Insomnia Severity Index, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were used. Data were analyzed using multiple regression to identify the factors affecting the total CSSK scores and the scores of each of the three CSSK subscales.Results Multiple regression analyses revealed that the severity of insomnia, sex, degree of income decline, occupation, religion, education level, marital status, residential status, level of social support, and degree of depression and anxiety had significant relationships with COVID-19-related stress.Conclusion We identified factors affecting stress and mental health in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings may be helpful in providing an individualized approach to managing the mental health of the public. We expect that the results of this study will be used to screen high-risk individuals vulnerable to stress and to establish policies related to the public health crisis.

A Pilot Study on the Validity and Reliability of Korean School Readiness Inventory on Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Hye In Jeong,Shin-Gyeom Kim,HyunChul Youn,Jeewon Lee,Soyoung Irene Lee 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.10

Objective Successful transition to school is of great importance to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The purpose of this study was to develop a school readiness inventory for Korean children with ASD, and demonstrate its content validity and reliability. Methods The Korean School Readiness Inventory (K-SRI) was developed to assess current levels of some fundamental skills needed for attending school for children with ASD. The K-SRI was comprised of four subscales and 16 test items: Self-help skills, Social and emotional development, School behavior, and Literacy and numeracy skills. For content validity, six experts rated the validity of the test items. Lawshe’s Content Validity Ratio (CVR) was calculated. For reliability, parents of 22 children with ASD entering school completed the KSRI twice. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was calculated for internal consistency. The test-retest reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results All the items except two items in the literacy and numeracy skills did not show a CVR of 1. The two items were deleted resulting in a 14-item inventory. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the K-SRI was 0.93, showing good internal consistency reliability. The test- retest reliability results showed ICC value of 0.93 (p<0.001), which indicates good stability. Conclusion A parent-rated, 14-item school readiness inventory for Korean children with ASD were developed and preliminary evidence of its content validity and reliability were demonstrated in this study. The present study provides a basis for future studies that would further help evaluate and promote school readiness of the children with ASD.

Approach to children with IgE-mediated food allergy with a focus on oral allergy syndrome

( Eun Kyo Ha ),( Ju Hee Kim ),( Jeewon Shin ),( Youn Ho Shin ),( Hye Mi Jee ),( Man Yong Han ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2024 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.12 No.2

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of food allergy, with a focus on oral allergy syndrome (OAS) in a population of children and to investigate relevant allergen sensitization associated with these adverse reactions. Methods: This study involved 1,660 children (aged 4 to 13 years) experiencing seasonal allergy symptoms, who were enrolled in the 2015 prospective Seongnam Atopy Project (SAP 2015) in a South Korean municipality. Parents completed a structured questionnaire to assess children with OAS, collecting information on the duration, severity, and factors related to symptoms. Skin prick tests (n=498) and blood sampling (n=464) were performed to measure allergic sensitizations, total eosinophil counts, and levels both total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and birch-specific IgE. Results: The prevalence of OAS among the children enrolled in this study was 4.4% (95% confidence interval, 3.7%-5.1%). The most common symptom was mouth itching (n=106, 65.0%), and the primary food allergen associated with symptoms was kiwi (n=48, 29.5%). Peanut sensitization (14.8% vs. 57.1%, P<0.001) and sensitization to other nut products (15.6% vs. 47.6%, P=0.001) were linked to a higher incidence of systemic reactions. Conclusion: The prevalence of 4.4% underscores the significant health impact of OAS, especially in children experiencing food allergy-related symptoms. Notably, common allergens, such as kiwi, and the potential for additional systemic reactions associated with this condition highlight the importance of raising awareness. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2024;12:78-84)