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박규남,황주일,박조현,오동렬,이원재,오승택,김세경,김인철 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.2
The interactions between nutrition and the endocrine system are more intimate and complex that previously thought. Nutrition modulates secretion and activity of many hormones, as part of the stress adaptation process. Fasting, in particular, produces a number of important changes in the endocrine system, with teleological purpose of helping the body tolerate the lack of food ingestion. These changes are therefore beneficial and protective, although at times they may not appear to be that way. The endocrine changes of fasting mediate the metabolic response. We must emphasize that these changes are completely reversible when appropriate nutrition is established. These changes are as followes: 1) decreased insulin and increased glucagon levels, 2) decreased thyroid effect, 3) decreased sympathetic activity, 4) hypothalamic hypogonadism, 5) decreased growth, 6) altered glucocorticoid secretion and metabolism, 7) impaired mineralocorticoid response, 8) decreased ADH secretion and effect. We experienced three cases of involuntary prolonged fasting after collapse of Sampoong department store. They were released from collapsed field after 11(case Ⅰ), 13(case Ⅱ), 17days(case Ⅲ) respectively. In each case, the endocrine changes of plasma levels were as followes: decrease of cortisol in case Ⅰ, increase of GH in case Ⅱ, decrease of free T3, T3, cortisol and increase of reverse T3, insulin in case Ⅲ. Each one did not show the same endocrine changes of plasma levels. But we think these changes of fasting are beneficial in metabolic response of human.
심교문,이정택,윤성호,황규홍 한국농림기상학회 2000 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.2 No.3
The northward shift of the cultivation region of winter barley has been considered because of consecutive warm winters from the middle of 1980's. There was 1.02℃ rise in mean air temperature during winter barley cropping season from 1975 to 1998. During this period, the maximum air temperature affected the mean air temperature rise rather than the minimum air temperature. The amount of mean precipitation was 513.3mm during winter barley cropping season from 1975 to 1998 and was least in 1992. Sunshine hours has increased little by little in the all regions except rural regions. The air temperature during winter barley cropping season from 1987 to 1999 in which the winter was warm was higher than the normal air temperature(1961∼1990). On the other hand, the air temperature during winter barley cropping season from 1974 through 1986 was similar to the normal air temperature. The amount of mean precipitation during winter barley cropping season from 1987 through 1999 was similar to the normal precipitation except April. During this period, the amount of mean precipitation of April was lower by 26mm than the normal year(1961∼1990). Sunshine hours during winter barley cropping season from 1987 to 1999 decreased generally in comparison with a normal year. Considering the air temperature rise during wintering from 1987 to 1998, it might be possible to extend the cropping area of winter barley northward.
Synthesis of sulfonated polyketone membranes by a direct sulfonation reaction and their properties
Seong Yeon Hwang,Jae Bum An,Byoung Chul Park,Taekeun Kim,Taek-Sung Hwang 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.81 No.-
In this study, sulfonated polyketone cation exchange (SPOK) membranes were prepared by a directsulfonation method and evaluated according to the concentration of sulfonating agent, reaction time andreaction temperature. The physicochemical properties of these membranes were measured to confirmtheir optimal synthetic conditions. The sulfur content in the SPOK membranes increased with increasing sulfonating agent concentration,reaction time and reaction temperature. The ion exchange capacity, water uptake and swelling ratio ofthese membranes increased with increasing sulfur content. The highest ion exchange capacity for themembranes was 1.01 meq/g. From the measured electrical properties, the electrical resistance showed a tendency to decrease withincreasing sulfonation conversion, and the lowest electrical resistance was 0.4 V cm2 when thesulfonation conversion was 59.6%. To evaluate the possible application of the SPOK membranes tomembrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) modules, their chemical resistance, durability and tensilestrength were measured. The performance-limiting conditions for the tensile strength were 0.3 wt%chlorosulfonic acid (CSA)/CF, 20 C and 60 min.
Expression Levels of Plasma Angiogenic Factors during Early Pregnancy in Hanwoo
Bae, Seong-Hun,Yang, Byoung-Chul,Joo, Seok-Cheon,Min, Kwan-Sik,Yoon, Jong-Taek,Jin, Dong-Il,Kim, Tae-Hun,Seong, Hwan-Hoo,Hwang, Seong-Soo The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction 2008 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.32 No.4
This study was conducted to compare the expression pattern of the specific factors associated with pregnancy and angiogenesis during early pregnancy in Hanwoo. Synchronized female Hanwoo ($4{\sim}6$ year-old) were inseminated artificially. After 10 weeks after artificial insemination (AI), the pregnancy was tested by rectal palpation method. Three pregnant and non-pregnant Hanwoo were used in this experiment, respectively. The plasma progesterone level was measured by ELISA. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression of pregnancy associated glycoprotein (PAG) or angiogenic factors (VEGF, B-FGF, ANP-1, and TIE-2). The plasma P4 level was increase gradually in pregnant group and maintained high level. The concentration of PAG was significantly higher from $5^{th}$ weeks in pregnant group compared to that of non-pregnant group (p<0.05). The concentrations of the VEGF (p<0.05), B-FGF (p<0.05), and ANP-1 (p<0.05) were significantly increased from $6^{th}\;or\;7^{th}$ week after AI in pregnant group, respectively. And the intensity of TIE-2, ANP-1 receptor, was well matched with ANP-1 (p<0.05). Taken together, it can be postulated that the blood vessels connected with fetus and dam were formed dramatically around 40 days after AI, because the expression levels of the angiogenic factors were increased significantly from this time in pregnant Hanwoo.
Hwang, Jin-Taek,Kim, Young Min,Surh, Young-Joon,Baik, Haing Woon,Lee, Seong-Kyu,Ha, Joohun,Park, Ock Jin American Association for Cancer Research 2006 Cancer Research Vol.66 No.20
<P>Epidemiologic and experimental evidences indicate that selenium, an essential trace element, can reduce the risk of a variety of cancers. Protection against certain types of cancers, particularly colorectal cancers, is closely associated with pathways involving cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). We found that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which functions as a cellular energy sensor, mediates critical anticancer effects of selenium via a COX-2/prostaglandin E(2) signaling pathway. Selenium activated AMPK in tumor xenografts as well as in colon cancer cell lines, and this activation seemed to be essential to the decrease in COX-2 expressions. Transduction with dominant-negative AMPK into colon cancer cells or application of cox-2(-/-)-negative cells supported the evidence that AMPK is an upstream signal of COX-2 and inhibits cell proliferation. In HT-29 colon cancer cells, carcinogenic agent 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) that led to COX-2 expression and selenium blocked the TPA-induced ERK and COX-2 activation via AMPK. We also showed the role of a reactive oxygen species as an AMPK activation signal in selenium-treated cells. We propose that AMPK is a novel and critical regulatory component in selenium-induced cancer cell death, further implying AMPK as a prime target of tumorigenesis.</P>
( Seong Il Lim ),( Ki Seung Seong ),( Sun Mi Song ),( Jin Taek Hwang ),( Boo Yong Lee ) 한국응용생명화학회 2011 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.54 No.2
Effects of rice bran and soybean fermented with five different types of Bacillus spp. on lipid levels in the serum, liver, and feces of Sprague-Dawley male rats fed a high fat diet were investigated. Twenty-one rats were divided into three groups (n=7/group) and fed control diet (Normal), high fat diet (Control), and high fat diet supplemented with 0.4% of solid fermented material (SFM) (CF). Total lipid, triglyceride, and total cholesterol, as markers for the fatty liver, in the liver were significantly (p<0.0001) increased by high fat diet. Triglyceride and total cholesterol in serum were also significantly (p<0.0001 and p<0.01, respectively) increased by high fat diet. However, hepatic total lipid and triglyceride in the CF group were significantly decreased by 48.6% (p<0.0001) and 46.6% (p<0.0001), respectively, compared to the Control group. Serum triglyceride and total cholesterol in the CF group decreased by 40 (p<0.0001) and 5% (p<0.01), respectively, compared to the control group. These results suggest SFM could induce decrease of total lipids and triglyceride in the serum and liver. SFM may play an important role in the prevention of hyperlipidemia and could be used as a supplement for functional food preparation.
Hwang, Cheol-Seong,Lee, Byoung-Taek The Korean Ceramic Society 1996 The Korean journal of ceramics Vol.2 No.2
Variations of the leakage current behaviors and interface potential barrier $({\Phi}_B)$ of rf-sputter deposited (Ba, Sr)$TiO_3$ (BST) thin films with thicknesses ranging from 20 nm to 150nm are investigated as a function of the thickness and bias voltages. The top and bottom electrodes are dc-sputter-deposited Pt films. ${\Phi}_B$ critically depends on the BST film deposition temperature, postannealing atmosphere and time after the annealing. The postannealing under $N_2$ atmosphere results in a high interface potential barrier height and low leakage current. Maintaining the BST capacitor in air for a long time reduces the ${\Phi}_B$ from about 2.4 eV to 1.6 eV due to the oxidation. ${\Phi}_B$ is not so dependent on the film thickness in this experimental range. The leakage conduction mechanism is very dependent on the BST film thickness; the 20 nm thick film shows tunneling current, 30 and 40 nm thick films show Shottky emission current.