MPLS망에서 RSVP와 DiffServ연동모델의 성능분석

최승권,오구영,지홍일,신승수,조용환 충북대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2002 산업과학기술연구 논문집 Vol.16 No.1

The explosive growth of the internet traffic has imposed tremendous stress on routers, particularly, in the core network. Today's IP services reflect the unpredictable and undifferentiated packet loss and jitter characteristics of traditional best-effort routers. For above requirements, it is required not only the high-speed transmission of the packet, but the new routing function, the guarantees of QoS and bandwidth, the supports of user-requested services MPLS is proposed by the IETF and many other research institute as the solutions for this problem. In this paper, analyze performance of QoS Model applied RSVP over DiffServ to MPLS network. this model is each RSVP applied access network and DiffServ applied core network. In Result, It is amiss that basis MPLS net uses to core network because the average packet loss rate and average delay time are increased if traffic increases. Experiment result was seldom difference in case of network that apply each RSVP, DiffServ, RSVP over DiffServ. RSVP over DiffServs case packet loss rate and delay time were low than DiffServ and the packet loss rate is high because comparing than RSVP but delay time was very low.

라텍스개질 콘크리트의 열팽창 특성 분석

최성용,이주형,임홍범,윤경구 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2003 産業技術硏究 Vol.23 No.A

The properties of mechanics and durability of LMC have been performed actively. However. little studies on analysis and properties of thermal expansion has been on the temperature variation. Especially. the low of bonding strength and tensile cracking are caused by difference of thermal expansion between LMC and the substrate concrete Therefore, this study focused on effect of thermal expansion behavior and properties of LMC according to temperature variation. To identify the property of thermal expansion of LMC. tests of modulus of thermal expansion were carried out at 28 days after casting specimen. subjected to temperature variation between 10℃ and 60℃ The results of this study showed the modulus of elastic of LMC was similar to that of ordinary portland concrete(OPC) It means that stresses caused by difference of modulus of elastic did not occur on interface between LMC and existing concrete The modulus of thermal expansion of LMC had a little smaller than that of OPC The modulus of thermal expansion of polymer modified concrete is generally larger than OPC. but the result of this test IS disagree with the fact. which may be due to the humidity evaporation difference and aggregate properties

LMC와 RSLMC의 열팽창 특성에 관한 연구

임홍범,최성용,최판길,윤경구 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2004 産業技術硏究 Vol.24 No.A

Latex modification of concrete provides the material with higher flexural strength, as well as high bond strength and reduced water permeability. However, If the thermal expansion properties of overlay concrete (latex-modified concretes) are big different from that of substrate (ordinary portland cement concrete), these would cause a big interfacial stresses and result in premature failure. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to investigate thermal expansion characteristics of latex-modified concrete with cement types. The result of thermal expansion showed the coefficient of thermal expansion of concretes increased with latex inclusion. The coefficient of thermal expansion of RSLMC was a little smaller than that of LMC, which might be due to the finer cement grain, compacter internal, and stiffer properties of concrete. However, the coefficients of LMC and RSLMC were quite similar to that of ordinary cement concrete. Thus, this would not cause an interfacial stresses and will enable to ensure long-term performance of concrete bridge deck overlays.

Aℓ- Zn 系 合金의 機械的 性質에 關한 硏究

鄭求海,崔圭夏,金鴻遇 忠州大學校 1978 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.11 No.2

Aℓ-Zn alloy has poor Tensile strength and hardness and it also has poor anticorrosion and aging. This alloy easily develops stress corrosion cracking and season cracking therefore. it is being developed by the application of thermomechanical treatment with Cr and Mn added. Aℓ-Zn alloy, in this study, is being developed with a small quantity of Mg added, instead of Or or Mn preventing stress corrosion cracking and season cracking, and giving this alloy some good mechanical properties as good as E.S.D Tenailo arrongth, hardness and anticarrosion, so that it could be used in manufacturing of air planes, building shipe construction, machine-making and household appliances.

Pd 촉매하에서 유기주석 화합물과 Iodane 화합물의 Cross-Coupling 반응에 관한 연구

강석구,이홍우,김재선,최상철 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1996 論文集 Vol.47 No.1

The palladium-catalyzed coupling of organostannanes with iodanes(Koser's and Zefirov's reagents) in the presence of palladium catalyst was accomplished at room temperature under aqueous conditions to afford phenyl- or 4-iodophenyl-substituted products depending on the iodanes used.

일부 조선업 근로자의 직업성 요통 발생실태 및 위험요인에 관한 연구

고상백,김형식,최홍렬,김지희,송인혁,박준한,박종구,장세진,차봉석 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

목적 : 이 연구에서는 한 사업장의 동일한 코호트내에서 직업성 요통의 발생 및 발생원인에 대해 조사하고자 하였다. 방법 : 연구대상은 1995년 12월 현재 한 조선업체에 종사하는 근로자 중에서 1995년 12월 31일 까지 요통이 이미 발생한 근로자와 1995년 당시 검진 미수검자를 제외한 9,784명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 요통 발생군은 1996년부터 1998년까지 3년간 추적 관찰하여 요통으로 4일 이상 통원 또는 입원치료를 받은 근로자로 하였다. 발생률은 요통발생 당시 연도를 기준으로 하여 해당 연도의 4일 이상 신규치료를 받은 중등도 이상의 요통근로자를 분자로 하였고, 해당년도 사업장의 종사하는 근로자 총수(과거 요통자 제외)를 분모로 간주하였다. 요통 발생군은 외상성 요통과 직업관련성 요통으로 대별하였으며, 위험요인과 질병 발생간의 관련성을 보기 위한 Cox모형에서 그 위험도를 파악하고자 할 때에는 직업성 요통만을 환자군으로 선정하였다. 결과 및 결론 . 요통 발생률은 근로자 천명당 1998년 3.1명, 1997년 8.8명, 1996년 7.8명이었다. 요통점유율의 범위는 10.99∼25.66이었다. 연령별 요통 발생률은 30대, 40대에서 높은 발생률을 보였다. 진단명에 따른 발생률은 추간판 탈출증, 염좌, 척추골절, 척추분리증, 척추협착증 순이었다 직업성 요통 발생자들의 직업적 요인을 알아보기 위하여 요통 발생 당시 작업형태를 알아본 결과, 물건을 들다가 66명(35.3%)이 발생하여 가장 큰 빈도를 차지하였고, 물건을 옮기는 과정에서 19명(10.2%)이 발생하여 2위를 차지하였고, 넘어지거나(8.6%), 물건을 당기는 자세(8.0%), 값자기 일어서다(7.5%) 순으로 요통이 발생하였다. 직업성 요통에 영향을 주는 일반적 특성 및 직업적 특성에 판한 상대위험도 및 95% 신뢰구간를 구한 결과, 요통발생에 영향을 주는 유의한 변수로는 체질량 지수(비만도), 교대여부, 중량물 취급여부였다. Objectives : This study was conducted to estimate the incidence rate, and to identify the risk factors for the occupational low back pain among shipyard workers. Methods : The study subjects consisted of 9,784 workers who were employed in a ship-building industry (excluded workers who had a history of low pack pain before 1995 or did not take periodic health examination in 1995) . The cases were 220 people who experienced back pain from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 1998. To assess risk factors for occupational low back pain, Cox propotional hazard model was used. Results : During the recent three years from 1996 to 1998, the incidence rate per 1,000 persons was 7.8 in 1996, 8.8 in 1997, and 3.1 in 1998. The main causes of work-related low back pawn were sprain, strain and disc herniation. Lifting was the most common cause of back pain (35.3%) , and carrying (10.2%) and pulling (8.0%) were followed. In Cox proportional harzard model, independent risk factors for back pain were body mass index(R.R. ; 1.54, 95% C.1. : 1.06-2.25), shift work(R.R. ; 1.65, 95% C.1. : 1.19-2.28), and lifting heavy material(R. R., 3.95, 95% C.1. : 2.29-6.82). Conclusions . This study suggests that the risk factors of back pawn In shipyard work-ers were body mass index, shift work and lifting.

Anti-allergic effects of So-Cheong-Ryong-Tang in ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis model

Ku, J. M.,Hong, S. H.,Kim, S. R.,Choi, H. S.,Seo, H. S.,Jang, B. H.,Ko, S. G.,Shin, Y. C. SPRINGER 2016 European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology Vol.273 No.1

<P>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an allergic inflammation of the nasal airways. The Korean herbal medicine, So-Cheong-Ryong-Tang (SCRT) has been typically used for the treatment of AR for hundreds of years. In the present study, we investigated whether SCRT suppresses the progression of AR in animal model. AR was induced by ovalbumin (OVA). Treatment with SCRT was assessed to study the effect of SCRT on AR in mice. Histological analysis, multiplex cytokine assay, blood analysis, cell viability assay, RT-PCR and Elisa assay were performed to verify inhibitory effect of SCRT on AR. SCRT reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells into nasal cavity. SCRT reduced infiltration of mast cells into nasal mucosa. SCRT reduced the levels of cytokines (IL-4 and LIF) in the serum. SCRT reduced the levels of leukocytes in the blood. SCRT decreased cell viability of HMC-1 cells and splenocyte. SCRT suppressed IL-4 level in HMC-1 cells and splenocyte cells in a dose-dependent manner. SCRT suppressed IL-6 level and TNF-alpha level in splenocyte. SCRT suppresses the progression of AR induced by OVA. SCRT might be a useful drug for the treatment of AR.</P>

당뇨병성 족부궤양의 임상적 관찰

구본정,최대은,정진옥,나소영,이효진,홍우정,김군순,조영석,김도희,송민호,노흥규,김영건 대한당뇨병학회 2002 임상당뇨병 Vol.3 No.3

연구배경: 당뇨병의 유병률이 증가함에 따라 당뇨병의 만성합병증 또한 증가하고 있다. 당뇨병성 족부궤양은 하지절단의 원인이 되는 무서운 만성 합병증이다. 이러한 당뇨병성 족부궤양의 관리에는 예방 및 즉각적인 치료가 필수이다. 저자들은 당뇨병성 족부병변이 발생한 환자들의 임상적 특성을 알아보고, 예방과 적절한 치료지침을 세우는데 도움이 되고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 방법: 2001년 1월부터 12월까지 충남대학교병원 내분비병동에 당뇨병성 족부궤양으로 입원한 총 73명의 환자들 대상으로 후향적으로 의무기록을 검토하였다. 결과 : 1. 당뇨병성 족부궤양으로 입원한 환자는 60대(38.4%)가 가장 많았으며, 남자(79.5%)에서 보다 많았다. 2. 당뇨병성 족부궤양으로 입원한 환자의 평균 당뇨병 유병기간은 14.6년이었다. 3. 족부궤양의 발생원인은 잘 모르는 경우(72.6%)가 대부분이었다. 4. 균배양검사에서는 Staphylococcus가 가장 많이 동정되었다. 5. Wagner법에 의한 족부궤양의 중등도 분류에서는 3등급(41.4%)이 가장 많았다. 6. 총 73명의 환자 중 63명(86.3%)은 내과적으로 성공적으로 치료하였으며, 9명의 환자는 하지 절단술을 시행받았다. 내과적으로 치료한 환자의 재원기간(약 25.1일)이 외과적인 경우(약 80.4일)보다 짧았다. 7. 혈관조형술은 20명(27.4%)의 환자에서 시행했으며, 16명(80%)에서 양성이었다. 8. 골주사검사는 62명(84.9%)의 환자에서 시행되었고, 양성인 경우는 35명(56.5%)이었다. 9. 족부절단의 위험인자 분석에서는 궤양의 정도와 관련이 있었으며(p=0.014), 당뇨병의 유병기간이나, 혈관조형술의 결과, 골주사 검사 결과 등과는 관련이 없었다. 결론 : 당뇨병성 족부궤양은 일단 한 번 발병하면 입원기간도 길고 치료가 어려운 질환이다. 발 관리에 대한 조기교육과 엄격한 혈당조절을 통한 예방만이 가장 최선의 방법이라 하겠다. Background : The diabetes mellitus is increasing now. So chronic complication of diabetes is being a big problem in the world. The Diabetic foot ulcer is one of the serious chronic complication because they can cause lower limb amputation. Prevention and prompt treatment is important in management of diabetic foot ulcer. We plan to study to evaluate clinical characteristics and to help the making a prevention policy and treatment plan in diabetic patients with foot ulcer. Methods : We reviewed medical record and checked the results of bacteriologic culture, angiography, and bone scan in diabetic patient with foot ulcer admitted to CNUH during last one year. Results : 1. Diabetic foot ulcers were occurred most frequently in 7th decades of age (38.4%) and more prevalently in man (79.5%). 2. The mean disease duration of diabetes who had a foot ulcer was about 14.6 years. 3. The most common causative event of diabetic foot ulcer was unknown (72.6%). 4. Wound culture was done in 53 (72.6%) diabetic patients with foot ulcer and the most common organism was Staphylococcus. 5. We graded diabetic foot ulcer by Wagner grading system and most common ulcer was grade 3(41.4%). 6. We was treated medically in 63(86.3%) patients and surgically in 9 patients. The duration of hospital stay was longer in surgically(80.4 days) treated patients than in medically(25.1 days). 7. Angiography was done in 20(27.4%) patients and positive result was 80%. 8. 3-phase bone scan was done in 62(84.9%) patients and positive results was 56.5% 9. Risk factors for amputation was ulcer grade and not related to duration of diabetes, angiographic findings and bone scan results. Conclusion : Diabetic foot ulcer is serious disease. Education for foot care and strict glycemic control should be necessary to prevent diabetic foot ulcer.

Growth and Yield Variation of Clay-coated Rice Seeds in Direct Seeding Culture on Dry Paddy

Choi, Weon-Young,Park, Hong-Kyu,Ku, Bon-IL,Mo, Young-Jun,Choi, Min-Gyu,Kim, Sang-Su,Kim, Chung-Kon The Korean Society of Crop Science 2008 Korean journal of crop science Vol.53 No.3

Clay-coated rice seeds (clay-coated seeds A and B) were directly sown on dry paddy and their growth and yield were compared with the normal drill-sown seeds on dry flat paddy. In clay-coated seeds, germination was 1 day earlier and the emergence rate was higher up to 5% than that of normal drill-sown seeds. But the apparent number of seedling stand per $m^2$ was lower than that of normal drill-sown seeds, which is due to the smaller amount of seeding in clay-coated seeds. At the early growth stage, the plant height of clay-coated seeds A was taller than that of drill-sown seeds, while the plant height of clay-coated seeds B was 0.7 cm shorter than that of drill-sown seeds. At the late growth stage, however, the difference was insignificant in both cases. The maximum tillering stage was 10 days earlier in drill-sown seeds. Lodging index was the lowest in clay-coated seeds B and there was no difference between clay-coated seeds A and drill-sown seeds. The ratio of stem base weight, culm diameter and culm wall thickness were higher in clay-coated seeds, while the lower internodes (4th, 5th and 6th) length was shorter in claycoated seeds than in drill-sown seeds. In clay-coated seeds, the number of panicle per $m^2$ was smaller, while the number of spikelet per panicle was a little larger than in drill-sown seeds. The rate of ripened grain and brown rice 1,000 grain weight were lower in the clay-coated seeds, thus the yield was $98{\sim}99%$ level of drill-sown seeds. Considering that the amount of seeding in clay-coated seeds was two-thirds of that in drill-sown seeds, it is expected that clay coating method could become an additional technique for direct seeding cultivation.

Electrolytic reduction runs of 0.6 kg scale-simulated oxide fuel in a Li₂O-LiCl molten salt using metal anode shrouds

Choi, Eun-Young,Lee, Jeong,Heo, Dong Hyun,Lee, Sang Kwon,Jeon, Min Ku,Hong, Sun Seok,Kim, Sung-Wook,Kang, Hyun Woo,Jeon, Sang-Chae,Hur, Jin-Mok Elsevier 2017 JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS Vol.489 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ten electrolytic reduction or oxide reduction (OR) runs of a 0.6 kg scale-simulated oxide fuel in a Li<SUB>2</SUB>O-LiCl molten salt at 650 °C were conducted using metal anode shrouds. During this procedure, an anode shroud surrounds a platinum anode and discharges hot oxygen gas from the salt to outside of the OR apparatus, thereby preventing corrosion of the apparatus. In this study, a number of anode shrouds made of various metals were tested. Each metallic anode shroud consisted of a lower porous shroud for the salt phase and an upper nonporous shroud for the gas phase. A stainless steel (STS) wire mesh with five-ply layer was a material commonly used for the lower porous shroud for the OR runs. The metals tested for the upper nonporous shroud in the different OR runs are STS, nickel, and platinum- or silver-lined nickel. The lower porous shroud showed no significant damage during two consecutive OR runs, but exhibited signs of damage from three or more runs due to thermal stress. The upper nonporous shrouds made up of either platinum- or silver-lined nickel showed excellent corrosion resistance to hot oxygen gas while STS or nickel without any platinum or silver lining exhibited poor corrosion resistance.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Electrolytic reduction runs of a 0.6 kg scale-simulated oxide fuel in a Li<SUB>2</SUB>O-LiCl molten salt at 650 °C were conducted using metal anode shrouds. </LI> <LI> Each metallic anode shroud consisted of a lower porous shroud for the salt phase and an upper nonporous shroud for the gas phase. </LI> <LI> The upper nonporous shrouds made up of noble metal-lined nickel showed excellent corrosion resistance to hot oxygen gas. </LI> </UL> </P>