山林의 公益的 機能 平價에 관한 考察

麻鎬燮,孫英模,金義庚,鄭永觀 慶尙大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.29 No.1

This study was carried out to estimate and evaluate the public function of forest resoruces, such as soil runoff control, landslide control, head-wsater conservation. purification of air (O? production and CO? purification ), sanitary andoutdoor recreation andwildlife protection for the forest land of 6.500.000 ha in Korea. The results obtaiend were as follows; 1 The function of soil runoff control was estimated to b e1.970million m?.its monetary value was appraised at 3.814.5 billion wons. 2.The function of landslide control was estimated to be 37.876 thousand m?its monetary value was appraised at 73.3 billion wons. 3. The function of head-water conservation was estimated to be 25.507million tons, its monetary value was appraised at 3.571.0 billion wons. 4.The production fo O? in the forest land was estimated to be 78.600 thousand tons,its monetary value was appraised at 3.930.0billion wons. 5.The volume of CO? absorbed in the forest land was estimated to be 94.320 thousand tons,its monetary value appraised at 2.204.3 billion wons. 6.The monetary value of outdoor recreation was appraised at 1.162.5 billion wons. 7.The phytoncide emmited in the forest land was estimated to be 1.954 thousand tons,the function of forest bath using phytoncide was appraised at 1.953.9 billion wons. 8.The monetary value of the functions of wildife protection, control of harmful insect control of tree growth and loss control of timber qality was appraised at 327 1 billion wons. In conclusion, the value of public functions of forest is more 23 times than that of the econmic function. production value of forest products, and comes to 14% of GNP. And also, the function of air purification.and and soil conservation has value than those of others. Particulary, it takes a more great deal of effort achiving the various works such as erosion control, establishment of recreation forest. management of reserved natural forest and afforestation of street tree for increasing of public functions.

冠岳樹木園地域內 荒廢山地土壤의 肥沃化를 통한 綠化促進에 關한 硏究

李宗學,麻鎬燮,李憲浩,權台鎬,禹保命 서울大學校 農科大學 1984 서울대농학연구지 Vol.9 No.2

冠岳樹木園地域의 山復斜面은 地質的으로 대보화강암에서 풍화생성된 거친 돌부수러기가 많은 粗砂質壤土로 구성되었으므로 表土層의 土壤流矢이 심하여 土深이 대단히 얕거나 岩盤露出이 심하여 林木生長이 심히 不良한 地帶로서, 山地의 地力恢復 및 現存하는 散生樹木의 生長力恢復을 通한 山地綠化保全이 시급히 요청되고 있다. 이와같은 요청에 부응하여 荒廢地斜面에 自生하고 있는 주요한 4樹種(소나무, 리기다소나무, 노간주나무, 철쭉)에 대하여 山地施肥效果 試驗을 春期와 秋期로 나누어 실시한 결과 樹高 및 直徑生長量에 있어서 無施肥區에 比하여 현저한 施肥效果가 인정되었다. 따라서 冠岳山地帶의 荒廢地를 조속히 復舊綠化하기 위해서는 砂防土木的 工事方法 및 砂方造林的 播植方法이외에도 현존 수목의 保全 및 生長力恢復을 통한 速成綠化方法도 채용되어야 할 것이다. Hillsides in the Kwanak arboretum area were composed mainly of coarse sandy loam having relatively high proportion of rough weathered debris derived from the Daebo granite geologically. Owing to heavy soil erosion resulted to shallow soil depth and heavy rock exposures, the growing trees in this type of surface soil are very poor in their growth. For woody plant vegetation establishment in this montain area, it is urgent to recover the fertility of soil and the growth of existing trees. For this purpose, in spring and autumn season in 1983~84 the fertilization experiment was conducted with the 4 principal native species(Pinus densifltora, Pinus rigida, Juniperus rigida, Rhododendron schlippenbachii) growing in this denuded forest land, and the effects of fertilized tree plots were more prominent than the control plot in both height and root-collar diameter growth. Therefore, the accelerating measures of vegetation rehabilitation through conservation of existing trees and recovery of tree growth by forest fertilization practices, besides forest engineering measur es and soil erosion control afforestation measures, could be acceptable as the measures for the recovery of denuded forest land in Mt. Kwanak area.

山地利用面에서 본 墓地制度 改善方案

孫英模,麻鎬燮,鄭永觀 慶尙大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.29 No.1

The demand and supply of land are to be steadily increasing as the population is mounting and the social, economic and indusrial development gradually grows. Therefore the effcient use of land becomes one of the most important issues for the national development and social welfare. Our country composed of forests with 65%, this potential value brings us unbonded benefit. The use of land for the graveyard, however, has suggested the very important social problem althought it occupies 2% of the forest land area. In view of this situation this paper was attempted to suggest the improvements for the issues of grave system in Korea. The improvements are following: 1. Reformation of national sene 2. Reduction of large scale of graveyard. 3. Urgent recovery of the effectiveness of the provision of the law which proved a dead letter. 4. The establishment fo park cemetery, and the amendment and supplements of the standard for the facilities. 5. Expulsion of a private graveyard of natural men. 6. Expansion of buring and cremation establishment. In conclusion ,the contents of kind of reform measures have the contents of being able to be practiced at once . and the contents of which requires the establishment of long term planning and practice also exist. Such things are complexly formed and we have to practice them with the continuous interest. and thus the relation between the living person and the dead person is not concerned to the loss which is given to the living person one sidely. but the living person and dead person hereby coexit.

冠岳樹木園地域內 荒廢山地土壤의 肥沃化를 통한 綠化促進에 關한 硏究

李宗學,麻鎬燮,權台鎬,李憲浩,禹保命 서울大學校農業生命科學大學附屬樹木園 1984 서울大學校 樹木園 硏究報告 Vol.- No.5

冠岳樹木園地域의 山腹斜面은 地質的으로 대보화강암에서 풍화생성된 거친 돌부수러기가 많은 粗砂質壤土로 구성되었으므로 表土層의 土壤流失이 심하여 土深이 대단히 얕거나 岩盤露出이 심하여 林木生長이 심히 不良한 地帶로서,山地의 地力恢復 및 現存하는 散生樹木의 生長力恢復을 通한 山地綠化保全이 시급히 요청되고 있다. 이와같은 요청에 부응하여 荒廢地斜面에 自生하고있는 주요한 4樹種(소나무, 리기다소나무, 노간주나무, 철쭉)에 대하여 山地施肥效果 試驗을 春期와 秋期로 나누어 실시한 결과 樹高 및 直徑生長量에 있어서 無施肥區에 比하여 현저한 施肥效果가 인정되었다. 따라서 冠岳山地帶의 荒廢地를 조속히 復舊綠化하기 위해서는 砂防土木的 工事方法 및 砂防造林的 播植方法이외에도 현존 수목의 保全 및 生長力恢復을 통한 速成綠化方法도 채용되어야 할 것이다. Hillsides in the Kwanak arboretum area were composed mainly of coarse sandy loam having relatively high proportion of rough weathered debris derived from the Daebo granite geologically. Owing to heavy soil erosion resulted to shallow soil depth and heavy rock exposures, the growing trees in this type of surface soil are very poor in their growth. For woody plant vegetation establishment in this montain area, it is urgent to recover the fertility of soil and the growth of existing trees. For this purpose, in spring and autumn season in 1983∼84 the fertilization experiment was conducted with the 4 principal native species(Pinus densiflora, Pinus rigida, Juniperus rigida, Rhododendron schlippenbachii) growing in this denuded forest land, and the effects of fertilized tree plots were more prominent than the control plot in both height and root-collar diameter growth. Therefore, the accelerating measures of vegetation rehabilitation through conservation of existing trees and recovery of tree growth by forest fertilization practices, besides forest engineering measur es and soil erosion control afforestation measures, could be acceptable as the measures for the recovery of denuded forest land in Mt. Kwanak area.

양재천의 식생현황과 하천자연도 평가

박진원,마호섭 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2003 농업생명과학연구 Vol.37 No.2

하천 녹화공법이 적용된 서울지역의 도시 하천인 양재천을 조사지로 하여 하천의 복원 및 녹화로 인해 발생되는 자연환경상태를 파악하고, 향후 복원방향 및 녹화공법시행 수 하천관리를 위한 기초적 자료를 제공하고자 연구한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 양재천의 식생은 강아지풀과 쑥이 우점하고 있었으며, 생태적 안정성과 깊은 관계가 있는 생활형의 비교에서 일반적으로 시공후 1-2년생의 초본류가 많은 출현 빈도를 보이지만 시간이 지나면서 그 수가 줄고 다년생의 초본류 또는 목본이 우세하게 나타났다. 하천은 녹화공법 시공 5-6년이 경과 되면서 생태적 안정을 이루기 시작하였다. 양재천의 하천자연도 등급은 Ⅱ등급이며 최하등급은 Ⅲ등급으로 나타났다. 횡단면, 종단면, 하상구조 및 저수로변 구조 항목은 Ⅱ등급, 수로의 발달, 하천구조 항목은 Ⅲ등급으로 나타났다. 항목별 평가에서 양재천은 수로의 발달, 하상구조 및 저수로변 구조 부문에서 자연도가 높이 평가 되었다. 주변 환경이 전형적은 도시 하천의 형태를 나타내고 있으나 주기적인 관리를 통해 여러 식생이 생육할 수 있는 환경을 조성하고 있었다. This study carried out to evaluate the effects of restoration through vegetation status and naturalness level in city streams of Seoul such as the Yangje Stream where landscape technology is applied. The dominant species were Setatia viridis and Artemisia princeps. Annuals, or biennials of herbaceous plants show frequent occurrence with ecological stability. However, the numbers of herbaceous plants decreased as time goes and perennial plants became dominant. The ecological stability is achieved for 5-6 years from the date of landscape construction. The evaluation for the level of naturalness in Yangje Stream is grade Ⅱ and the lowest grade that it has had was grade Ⅲ. According to the evaluation items, lateral section, longitudinal profile, bottom structure, and stream bank structure are classified as grade Ⅱ. The items related to channel development and stream structure are grade Ⅲ. It represents the properties of a typical urban stream but it has the environment where many kinds of plants can grow.

지형정보시스템을 이용한 임도노선의 선정에 관한 연구

全權石,麻鎬燮 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2002 농업생명과학연구 Vol.36 No.2

임도망의 종합적인 계획을 위하여 지형정보시스템을 이용하여 경남 남해군에 위치한 금산주변의 국유림을 대상으로 몇가지 노선선정 기준에 따라 임도노선을 선정 하였다. 종단물매를 고려하여 임도망을 계획한 결과, 총연장 및 임도밀도는 20.41㎞, 6.92m/ha로 나타났으며, 일부구간의 노선이 대상지역의 경계영역과 인접하게 선정되어져 임업적 측면에서는 그 효율성이 떨어지는 경향이었다. 종단물매만을 고려한 임도망의경우 최소비용경로에 의한 격자별 누적비용은 10구역으로 구분되었으며, 이때 최고 누적비용은 종단물매만을 고려한 결과 22,548의 값을 가졌다. 비용에 의해 선정되어진 임도망을 1노선과 7노선은 시험림 3임반의 경계점에서 중복으로 노선이 선정되었으며, 중복선정된 2노선의 연장은 2.72㎞로 나타났다. 그리고 4노선과 5노선에서도 0.8㎞가 중복 선정되어 총 중복된 연장거리는 3.52㎞로서 다소 높게 나타났다. 구조적인 측면의 종단몰매와 생산적인 측면의 투자효과를 최대화하기 위하여 이들을 조합하여 노선을 계획한 결과 총연장 및 임도밀도는 21.15㎞, 7.17m/ha로서 구조적인 측면의 임도망 계획결과에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 종단물매와 임목축적을 고려한 임도망의 경우 최소 비용경로에 의한 격자별 누적비용은 9구역으로 구분되 이때 최고누적비용은 55.065의 값을 가졌다. 비용에 의해 선정되어진 임도망의 분석결과 3노선과 7노선은 3임반에서 일부구간이 중복선정되어 중복된 2노선의 연장은 0.95㎞이다. 그리고 4노선과 5노선에서도 구조적인 경우의 대안임도와 마찬가지로 0.8㎞가 중복 선정되어 총 중복된 연장거리는 1.73㎞로 나타났다. GIS 기법에 의한 임도망의 계획은 각 대안별 평가를 통하여 최종 의사결정자가 최적의 임도망을 선택할 수 있는 의사결정지원체계로서 중요한 정보를 제공할 수 있는 것으로 평가된다. The purpose of this study is to suggest the proper method for planning an optimal forest road network in mountains forest using geographic information system (GIS) in the National Forest of Mt. Kumsan at Namhae-gun, Gyungsangnam-do. In the forest road network planning by the minimum longitudinal gradient, The total length was 20.41 km, and road density was 6.94m/ha. Some of road alignment selected in out-line of study area. So, it appeared that forest road have a low effectiveness in yarding function. The division area of mesh by accumulative cost divide into 10 area. The maximum value by cost path was 22,548. The road length overlapped by cost path was more long than that of mixed with the minimum longitudinal gradient and the maximization of investment effect as 3.52 km. In the forest road network planning by mixed with the minimum longitudinal gradient and the maximization of investment effect, The total length was 21.15 km, and road density was higher than that of the minimum longitudinal gradient as 7.17m/ha. The some of forest road selected in out-line of study area. The division area of mesh by accumulative cost divide into 9 areas. The minimum vlue by cost path was 55,065. The road length overlapped by cost path was more short than that of the minimum longitudinal gradient as 1.73 km. So, it appeared that forest road has an high effectiveness in yarding function. Therefore, it was considered that the GIS could provide an effective and reasonable solutions for planning of optimal forest road network.

冠岳樹木圓地域內 荒廢山地土壤의 肥沃化를 통한 綠化促進에 關한 硏究(II)

禹保命,權台鎬,李宗學,金景河,李峻雨,麻鎬燮 서울大學校 農科大學 1986 서울대농학연구지 Vol.11 No.2

The shallow soil depth and severe rock exposures on the hillslopes in the Kwanak aboretum area which resulted from the heavy soil erosion have made very poor growth of forest vegetation. In order to establish the forest vegetation in this area, it is urgent to recover the fertility of soil and the productivity of existing trees. For this reason, fertilization experiment (using the briquet compound fertilizer) was conducted on summer and autumn season in 1983 with the 4 main native species (Pinus densiflora, Pinus rigida, Juniperus rigida, Rhododendron schlippenbachii) growing on these eroded hillslopes. Result in 1985 and 1986 of this experiment represented that the fertilization was effective toward both height and root-collar diameter growth of trees and spring fertilization was, relatively, more effective than autumn fertilization. It also represented that effects of fertilization to P. rigida were more than those to other species. Therefore, besides the engineering methods and afforestation measures for soil erosion control, rapid establishment of vegetation through conservation and recovery of existing trees by fertilization is available measures for the rehabilitation of rockily eroded hillslopes like Mt. Kwanak area.

E-Mobile System을 이용한 국립공원 관리시스템 설계

오세진,안상렬,변희섭,마호섭 경상대학교 농과대학 부속연습림 2001 演習林硏究報告 Vol.- No.11

In this paper, we developed a design model for integral administration of national parks using E-Mobile system, which combined Geographical Information System(GIS) and Geographical Positioning System()GPS . This E-Mobile system will contribute to the systematic administration in the national parks by recording geographical information of the national parks by GIS, as well as an individual route guide within the parks by GPS with satellites. Finally, this paper will considerably contribute to the systematic and integral organization of the national parks organization by the newly developed E-Mobile system.

冠岳樹木園地域內 荒廢山地土壤의 肥沃化를 통한 綠化促進에 關한 硏究(Ⅱ)

李峻雨,李宗學,權台鎬,禹保命,麻鎬燮,金景河 서울大學校農業生命科學大學附屬樹木園 1986 서울大學校 樹木園 硏究報告 Vol.- No.7

The shallow soil depth and severe rock exposures on the hillslopes in the Kwanak aboretum area which resulted from the heavy soil erosion have made very poor growth of forest vegetation. In order to establish the forest vegetation in this area, it is urgent to recover the fertility of soil and the productivity of existing trees. For this reason, fertilization experiment (using the briquet compound fertilizer) was conducted on summer and autumn season in 1983 with the 4 main native species (Pinus densiflora, Pinus rigida, Juniperus rigida, Rhododendron schlippenbachii) growing on these eroded hillslopes. Result in 1985 and 1986 of this experiment represented that the fertilization was effective toward both height and root-collar diameter growth of trees and spring fertilization was, relatively, more effective than autumn fertilization. It also represented that effects of fertilization to P. rigida were more than those to other species. Therefore, besides the engineering methods and afforestation measures for soil erosion control, rapid establishment of vegetation through conservation and recovery of existing trees by fertilization is available measures for the rehabilitation of rockily eroded hillslopes like Mt. Kwanak area.

林地利用에 따른 溪流水의 水質變化

具瀟瑛,鄭源玉,金弘洙,朴晋源,麻鎬燮 경상대학교 농과대학 부속연습림 2001 演習林硏究報告 Vol.- No.11

Table 2. Evaluation of stream water quality in three stands by Drinking water quality standard <원문참조> 임지이용에 따른 수질변화 및 오염정도를 구명하여 향후 비점오염원 관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 경남 진주시 정평리에 위치한 3개 임분(소나무, 밤나무Ⅰ, 반나무Ⅱ임분)에서 2000년 7월부터 9월까지 계류수의 수질변화를 분석하여 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 세 임분의 계류수 pH는 소나무 임분(pH6.59)>밤나무 Ⅱ임분(ph 6.53)>밤나무 Ⅰ임분(pH 6.47)계류수 순으로 나타났다. 2. 전기전도도는 밤나무 Ⅰ임분>소나무 임분>밤나무 Ⅱ임분 계류수의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 3. 양이온은 세 임분의 계류수 모두 Ca^2+, Na^+, Mg^2+, K^+, NH_^+의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 4. 음이온은 소나무 임분과 밤나무 Ⅱ임분 계류수에서는 SO_4^2, Cl, NO_3의 순으로 높게 나타났고, 밤나무 Ⅰ임분 계류수에서는 NO_3, SO_4^2, Cl 의 순으로 높게 나타나 차이를 보였다. 5. 소나무, 밤나무 Ⅱ임분 계류수는 pH, NH_4+, NO_3, Cl, SO_4^2이 먹는 물 수질기준 범위내에 있었다. 그러나 밤나무 Ⅰ임분 계류수에서 5항목 중 NO_3는 먹는 물 수질기준을 넘어서는 범위에 있어 임지이용에 따른 하류수질의 오염이 우려되었다. 따라서 이러한 상류지역에서 오염원 차단을 위한 수질정화시설 등의 대책이 마련되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. This study was carried out to clarify the change characteristics of stream water quality by land-use of forest from July to September, 2000 in three stands(Pinus densiflora, Castanea crenata(Ⅰ), Castanea crenata(Ⅱ) stand) of Jeongpyeong-ri, Jinju-si, Gyeongnam. The mean pH of rainfall results in acid rain of 5.3. The pH of stream water in three stands was hugh in order of Pinus densiflora (pH 6.59), Castanea crenata(Ⅱ)(pH 6.53) and Castanea crenata(Ⅰ) stand(pH 6.47). The electrical conductivity of stream water was high in order of Castanea crenata(Ⅰ), Pinus densiflora and Castanea crenata(Ⅱ) stand. Cations of three stand in stream water high in order of Ca^2+, Na^+, Mg^2+, K^+ and NH_4^+. But anions of stream water in Pinus densiflora stand and Castanea crenata(Ⅱ) stand were high in order of SO_4^2, Cl and NO_3. In Castanea crenata(Ⅰ) stand cations of stream water were high in order of NO_3, SO_^2 and Cl. The level of pH, NH_4^+, NO_3, Cl and SO_4^2 of stream water in Pinus densiflora stand and Castanea crenata(Ⅱ) stand reached within the level of domestic use standard for drinking water But the level of NO_3 of stream water in Castanea crenata(Ⅰ) stand was higher than that of domestic use standard. Therefore, non-point sources like forest watersheds which are fertilizer application lands should be taken to the appropriate mitigation measures.