Trend and characteristics of minimally invasive surgery for patients with endometrial cancer in Japan

Hiroshi Yoshida,Hiroko Machida,Koji Matsuo,Yoshito Terai,Takuma Fujii,Masaki Mandai,Kei Kawana,Hiroaki Kobayashi,Mikio Mikami,Satoru Nagase 대한부인종양학회 2023 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.34 No.3

Objective: Owing to the potential benefits of minimally invasive hysterectomy for endometrial cancer, the practice pattern has recently shifted in Japan. This study examined the trends in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in patients with endometrial cancer in Japan. Methods: This retrospective observational study examined the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tumor Registry database between 2015–2019. This study examined the time-specific proportion change and predictors of MIS use in initial endometrial cancer treatment in Japan, and compared it with the use of abdominal surgery. Additionally, the association between hospital surgical treatment volume and MIS use was examined. Results: A total of 14,059 patients (26.5%) underwent minimally invasive hysterectomy, and 39,070 patients (73.5%) underwent abdominal hysterectomy in the study period. Patients who underwent MIS were more likely to be treated at high-volume centers, younger, central, or western Japan residents, registered in recent years, and had a tumor with stage I disease, type 1 histology, and less myometrial invasion (all adjusted p<0.05). The proportion of MIS treatments increased from 19.1% in 2015 to 34.3% in 2019 (p<0.001). On multivariable analysis, treatment at high-volume centers was a contributing factor for MIS (adjusted odds ratio=3.85; 95% confidence interval=3.44–4.30). MIS at high-volume centers increased significantly from 24.8% to 41.0% (p<0.001) during the study period, whereas MIS at low-volume centers remained at median 8.8%. Conclusion: MIS has increased significantly in recent years, accounting for nearly 34% of surgical management of endometrial cancer in Japan. High-volume treatment centers take the lead in performing MIS.

REWIEW : Role of the CXC12-CXCR4 Axis and CXCL16 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

( Hiroshi Nakase ),( Minoru Matsuura ),( Sakae Mikami ),( Norimitsu Uza ),( Tsutomu Chiba ) 대한장연구학회 2012 Intestinal Research Vol.10 No.2

Numerous studies of colitis in IBD (inflammatory bowel diseases) patients and in animal models have demonstrated that both inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are up-regulated in settings of active inflammation. Blockade or absence of various cytokines and chemokines attenuates the disease in murine models of IBD. Therefore, identifying cytokines and chemokines involved in intestinal inflammation provide promising targets for the development of new drugs in the treatment of IBD. In general, chemokines have been implicated in many fundamental immune processes including lymphoid organogenesis, immune cell differentiation, development and positioning. Many chemokines are markedly increased in intestinal tissue from patients with IBD. In this study, we focused on the role of CXCL12-CXCR4 and CXCL16. CXCL12-CXCR4 axis plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of IBD, especially UC, while SR-PSOX/CXCL16 plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of CD. Our present data suggest new insights into the etiology of IBD and we hope that the manipulation of these chemokines may have therapeutic value. (Intest Res 2012;10:125-133)

An Approach to a Fault Diagnosis of a Subclass of Marked Graphs

Kiyoshi Mikami,Hiroshi Tamura,Masakazu Sengoku,Yoshio Yamaguchi,Shoji Shinoda 대한전자공학회 1993 JTC-CSCC : Joint Technical Conference on Circuits Vol.- No.-

Temporal Change in Radiological Environments on Land after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Saito, Kimiaki,Mikami, Satoshi,Andoh, Masaki,Matsuda, Norihiro,Kinase, Sakae,Tsuda, Shuichi,Sato, Tetsuro,Seki, Akiyuki,Sanada, Yukihisa,Wainwright-Murakami, Haruko,Yoshimura, Kazuya,Takemiya, Hiroshi The Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2019 방사선방어학회지 Vol.44 No.4

Massive environmental monitoring has been conducted continuously since the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power accident in March of 2011 by different monitoring methods that have different features together with migration studies of radiocesium in diverse environments. These results have clarified the characteristics of radiological environments and their temporal change around the Fukushima site. At three months after the accident, multiple radionuclides including radiostrontium and plutonium were detected in many locations; and it was confirmed that radiocesium was most important from the viewpoint of long-term exposure. Radiation levels around the Fukushima site have decreased greatly over time. The decreasing trend was found to change variously according to local conditions. The air dose rates in environments related to human living have decreased faster than expected from radioactive decay by a factor of 2-3 on average; those in pure forest have decreased more closely to physical decay. The main causes of air dose rate reduction were judged to be radioactive decay, movement of radiocesium in vertical and horizontal directions, and decontamination. Land-use categories and human activities have significantly affected the reduction tendency. Difference in the air dose rate reduction trends can be explained qualitatively according to the knowledge obtained in radiocesium migration studies; whereas, the quantitative explanation for individual sites is an important future challenge. The ecological half-lives of air dose rates have been evaluated by several researchers, and a short-term half-life within 1 year was commonly observed in the studies. An empirical model for predicting air dose rate distribution was developed based on statistical analysis of an extensive car-borne survey dataset, which enabled the prediction with confidence intervals. Different types of contamination maps were integrated to better quantify the spatial data. The obtained data were used for extended studies such as for identifying the main reactor that caused the contamination of arbitrary regions and developing standard procedures for environmental measurement and sampling. Annual external exposure doses for residents who intended to return to their homes were estimated as within a few millisieverts. Different forms of environmental data and knowledge have been provided for wide spectrum of people. Diverse aspects of lessons learned from the Fukushima accident, including practical ones, must be passed on to future generations.

Radiation Distribution Around Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Decade After the Accident

Yukihisa Sanada,Miyuki Sasaki,Hiroshi Kurikami,Fumiya Nagao,Satoshi Mikami 한국방사성폐기물학회 2023 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.21 No.1

During the decades after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) accident, ambient dose rates have markedly decreased when compared to those at the early state of the accident. Government projects have been continuously conducted by surveying the ambient dose rate and radiocesium distributions. Airborne surveys using crewed helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are the best methods for obtaining an overall picture of the distribution. However, ground-based surveys are required for accurate measurements near the population. The differences between these methods include the knowledge of the post depositional behavior of radionuclides in land use. The survey results form the basis for policy decisions such as lifting evacuation zones, decontamination, and other countermeasures. These surveys contain crucial findings regarding post-accident responses. This paper reviews the survey methods of government projects and current situation around the FDNPS. The visualization methods and databases of ambient dose rates are also reviewed to provide information to the population.

Changes in fuel injection pressures and fuel spray quantity of marine diesel engines

Naohiro YAMATANI,Atsumu TEZAKI,Sotomi ISHIHARA,Toshihiko NAKATANI,Noriko NISHII,Hiroshi MIKAMI 제어로봇시스템학회 2017 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.10

When four-stroke diesel engines operate over long durations, it is well known that the fuel injection pressure decreases steadily, and then often followed by incomplete combustion in engine. Poor combustion in engine caused by the pressure drop is a big problem because it causes environmental pollution. However, changes in the exhaust temperature in four-stroke diesel engines occur more slowly than that in the fuel injection pressure. So, the effects of the fuel-injection-pressure drop on the exhaust gas temperature and maximum pressure do not appear in the operating data. It is difficult to grasp the combustion state from the operating data of an actual machine. This study aimed to observe and investigate carefully the phenomena that were accompanied with a drop in the fuel injection pressure.

A Study on Ship’s Autopilot System for a Small Boat

Toshihiko NAKATANI,Makoto ENDO,Keiji SASAYA,Takashi MIWA,Hiroshi MIKAMI,Taizo KANEDA,Emi KANAYAMA,Erika URA 제어로봇시스템학회 2011 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.10

This paper describes dynamics analysis of a small training boat and the application of a gain map PID controller to the autopilot of the vessel. After upgrading the autopilot of the Sazanami, an actual small training boat, in order to identify the boat model, zigzag maneuver trials were performed at various speeds. It was found that the Nomoto gain and time constant changed considerably with the vessel’s speed. Based on this analysis, an improved autopilot system that utilizes a gain map PID controller to compensate for vessel maneuverability changes was designed. From the results of various control simulations, we determined that the proposed system offered significant performance improvements over the vessel’s conventional autopilot.

Engine stoppage mechanism of small boats during stormy weather

Naohiro YAMATANI,Atumu TEZAKI,Toshihiko NAKATANI,Noriko NISHII,Hiroshi MIKAMI 제어로봇시스템학회 2016 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.10

About 20% of maritime accidents involving small boats are caused by engine trouble. If the main engine stops under stormy conditions, then the operator might lose control of the boat, which might then overturn. In the worst case, such accidents can lead to injury and death. A main reason for sudden engine stoppage is that air bubbles form in the fuel line. That hazard has persisted as an important problem for small boats for many years. The present situation is that no decisive or effective countermeasure has been taken for boats. Some preliminary experiments were conducted to elucidate how air bubbles in the fuel line can be prevented when the boat rolls and pitches on the ocean. This research presents specific measures to prevent maritime accidents related to small boats.

Practice patterns of adjuvant therapy for intermediate/high recurrence risk cervical cancer patients in Japan

Yuji Ikeda,Akiko Furusawa,Ryo Kitagawa,Aya Tokinaga,Fuminori Ito,Masayo Ukita,Hidetaka Nomura,Wataru Yamagami,Hiroshi Tanabe,Mikio Mikami,Nobuhiro Takeshima,Nobuo Yaegashi 대한부인종양학회 2016 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.27 No.3

Objective: Although radiation therapy (RT) and concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT)are the global standards for adjuvant therapy treatment in cervical cancer, many Japaneseinstitutions choose chemotherapy (CT) because of the low frequency of irreversible adverseevents. In this study, we aimed to clarify the trends of adjuvant therapy for intermediate/highriskcervical cancer after radical surgery in Japan. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted by the Japanese Gynecologic OncologyGroup to 186 authorized institutions active in the treatment of gynecologic cancer. Results: Responses were obtained from 129 facilities. Adjuvant RT/CCRT and intensitymodulatedRT were performed in 98 (76%) and 23 (18%) institutions, respectively. On theother hand, CT was chosen as an alternative in 93 institutions (72%). The most commonregimen of CT, which was used in 66 institutions (51%), was a combination of cisplatin/carboplatin with paclitaxel. CT was considered an appropriate alternative option to RT/CCRTin patients with risk factors such as bulky tumors, lymph node metastasis, lymphovascularinvasion, parametrial invasion, and stromal invasion. The risk of severe adverse events wasconsidered to be lower for CT than for RT/CCRT in 109 institutions (84%). Conclusion: This survey revealed a variety of policies regarding adjuvant therapy amonginstitutions. A clinical study to assess the efficacy or non-inferiority of adjuvant CT iswarranted.