Autoantibodies and neuropsychiatric events at the time of systemic lupus erythematosus diagnosis: Results from an international inception cohort study

Hanly, J. G.,Urowitz, M. B.,Siannis, F.,Farewell, V.,Gordon, C.,Bae, S. C.,Isenberg, D.,Dooley, M. A.,Clarke, A.,Bernatsky, S.,Gladman, D.,Fortin, P. R.,Manzi, S.,Steinsson, K.,Bruce, I. N.,Ginzler, E Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2008 Vol.58 No.3

<B>Objective</B><P>To examine, in an inception cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, the association between neuropsychiatric (NP) events and anti–ribosomal P (anti-P), antiphospholipid (lupus anticoagulant [LAC], anticardiolipin), anti–β2-glycoprotein I, and anti–NR2 glutamate receptor antibodies.</P><B>Methods</B><P>NP events were identified using the American College of Rheumatology case definitions and clustered into central/peripheral and diffuse/focal events. Attribution of NP events to SLE was determined using decision rules of differing stringency. Autoantibodies were measured without knowledge of NP events or their attribution.</P><B>Results</B><P>Four hundred twelve patients were studied (87.4% female; mean ± SD age 34.9 ± 13.5 years, mean ± SD disease duration 5.0 ± 4.2 months). There were 214 NP events in 133 patients (32.3%). The proportion of NP events attributed to SLE varied from 15% to 36%. There was no association between autoantibodies and NP events overall. However, the frequency of anti-P antibodies in patients with central NP events attributed to SLE was 4 of 20 (20%), versus 3 of 107 (2.8%) in patients with other NP events and 24 of 279 (8.6%) in those with no NP events (P = 0.04). Among patients with diffuse NP events, 3 of 11 had anti-P antibodies (27%), compared with 4 of 111 patients with other NP events (3.6%) and 24 of 279 of those with no NP events (8.6%) (P = 0.02). Specific clinical–serologic associations were found between anti-P and psychosis attributed to SLE (P = 0.02) and between LAC and cerebrovascular disease attributed to SLE (P = 0.038). There was no significant association between other autoantibodies and NP events.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>Clinically distinct NP events attributed to SLE and occurring around the time of diagnosis were found to be associated with anti-P antibodies and LAC. This suggests that there are different autoimmune pathogenetic mechanisms, although low sensitivity limits the clinical application of testing for these antibodies.</P>

Prospective analysis of neuropsychiatric events in an international disease inception cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Hanly, J.G.,Urowitz, M.B.,Su, L.,Bae, S.C.,Gordon, C.,Wallace, D.J.,Clarke, A.,Bernatsky, S.,Isenberg, D.,Rahman, A. BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP 2010 Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases Vol.69 No.3

Neuropsychiatric events at the time of diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus: An international inception cohort study

Hanly, J. G.,Urowitz, M. B.,Sanchez-Guerrero, J.,Bae, S. C.,Gordon, C.,Wallace, D. J.,Isenberg, D.,Alarcó,n, G. S.,Clarke, A.,Bernatsky, S.,Merrill, J. T.,Petri, M.,Dooley, M. A.,Gladman, D.,For Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2007 Vol.56 No.1

<B>Objective</B><P>To describe the prevalence, characteristics, attribution, and clinical significance of neuropsychiatric (NP) events in an international inception cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.</P><B>Methods</B><P>The study was conducted by the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC). Patients were enrolled within 15 months of fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) SLE classification criteria. All NP events within a predefined enrollment window were identified using the ACR case definitions of 19 NP syndromes. Decision rules were derived to determine the proportion of NP disease attributable to SLE. Clinical significance was determined using the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey and the SLICC/ACR Damage Index (SDI).</P><B>Results</B><P>A total of 572 patients (88% female) were recruited, with a mean ± SD age of 35 ± 14 years. The mean ± SD disease duration was 5.2 ± 4.2 months. Within the enrollment window, 158 of 572 patients (28%) had at least 1 NP event. In total, there were 242 NP events that encompassed 15 of 19 NP syndromes. The proportion of NP events attributed to SLE varied from 19% to 38% using alternate attribution models and occurred in 6.1–11.7% of patients. Those with NP events, regardless of attribution, had lower scores on the SF-36 and higher SDI scores compared with patients with no NP events.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>Twenty-eight percent of SLE patients experienced at least 1 NP event around the time of diagnosis of SLE, of which only a minority were attributed to SLE. Regardless of attribution, the occurrence of NP events was associated with reduced quality of life and increased organ damage.</P>

Psychosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Results From an International Inception Cohort Study

Hanly, John G.,Li, Qiuju,Su, Li,Urowitz, Murray B.,Gordon, Caroline,Bae, Sang‐,Cheol,Romero‐,Diaz, Juanita,Sanchez‐,Guerrero, Jorge,Bernatsky, Sasha,Clarke, Ann E.,Wallace, Daniel J. Wiley (John WileySons) 2019 Arthritis & rheumatology Vol.71 No.2

What Will 5G Be?

Andrews, Jeffrey G.,Buzzi, Stefano,Choi, Wan,Hanly, Stephen V.,Lozano, Angel,Soong, Anthony C. K.,Zhang, Jianzhong Charlie IEEE 2014 IEEE journal on selected areas in communications Vol.32 No.6

<P>What will 5G be? What it will <I>not</I> be is an incremental advance on 4G. The previous four generations of cellular technology have each been a major paradigm shift that has broken backward compatibility. Indeed, 5G will need to be a paradigm shift that includes very high carrier frequencies with massive bandwidths, extreme base station and device densities, and unprecedented numbers of antennas. However, unlike the previous four generations, it will also be highly integrative: tying any new 5G air interface and spectrum together with LTE and WiFi to provide universal high-rate coverage and a seamless user experience. To support this, the core network will also have to reach unprecedented levels of flexibility and intelligence, spectrum regulation will need to be rethought and improved, and energy and cost efficiencies will become even more critical considerations. This paper discusses all of these topics, identifying key challenges for future research and preliminary 5G standardization activities, while providing a comprehensive overview of the current literature, and in particular of the papers appearing in this special issue.</P>

Accumulation of coronary artery disease risk factors over three years: Data from an international inception cohort

Urowitz, M. B.,Gladman, D.,Ibañ,ez, D.,Fortin, P.,Sanchez-Guerrero, J.,Bae, S.,Clarke, A.,Bernatsky, S.,Gordon, C.,Hanly, J.,Wallace, D.,Isenberg, D.,Ginzler, E.,Merrill, J.,Alarcó,n, G. S Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2008 Vol.59 No.2

<B>Objective</B><P>To examine the accumulation of risk factors over 3 years in a multicenter, international inception cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).</P><B>Methods</B><P>The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics registry for atherosclerosis comprises 27 centers from 11 countries. An inception cohort of 935 patients with SLE was assembled, according to a standardized protocol, from 2000 to 2006 to study risk factors for atherosclerosis. Both classic and other coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors were collected at entry and through 3 years of followup. Therapy was documented over the 3 years. The Framingham 10-year risk factor profile was calculated for each patient at year 1 and year 3.</P><B>Results</B><P>A total of 278 patients from the inception cohort were followed for 3 years and constituted the population for this study. At enrollment a substantial number of patients already demonstrated several risk factors for CAD, both classic and other. All risk factors increased from enrollment over the 3 years of followup. Treatment of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia also increased over 3 years, but less so for hypercholesterolemia. The Framingham 10-year CAD risk profile was higher in men than in women both at entry and at 3 years, and remained unchanged over the 3 years. Corticosteroid use increased only slightly over 3 years, but use of antimalarials and immunosuppressive agents increased to a greater extent.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>Patients with SLE should be monitored for CAD risk factors from the time of diagnosis and appropriate treatment should be instituted early.</P>

25-hydroxyvitamin D and cardiovascular disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: data from a large international inception cohort.

Lertratanakul, Apinya,Wu, Peggy,Dyer, Alan,Urowitz, Murray,Gladman, Dafna,Fortin, Paul,Bae, Sang-Cheol,Gordon, Caroline,Clarke, Ann,Bernatsky, Sasha,Hanly, John G,Isenberg, David,Rahman, Anisur,Merril John Wiley Sons 2014 Arthritis care & research Vol.66 No.8

<P>An association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D; vitamin D) deficiency and increased cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and CV disease (CVD) has been shown in general population studies. Vitamin D deficiency has been noted in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and CVD is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in SLE. The objectives of this study were to estimate the associations of 25(OH)D levels with CV risk factors and to determine whether low baseline 25(OH)D levels predict future CV events in patients participating in an international inception cohort.</P>

Electrocardiographic findings in systemic lupus erythematosus: data from an international inception cohort.

Bourr?-Tessier, Josiane,Urowitz, Murray B,Clarke, Ann E,Bernatsky, Sasha,Krantz, Mori J,Huynh, Thao,Joseph, Lawrence,Belisle, Patrick,Bae, Sang-Cheol,Hanly, John G,Wallace, Daniel J,Gordon, Caroline,I John Wiley Sons 2015 Arthritis care & research Vol.67 No.1

<P>To estimate the early prevalence of various electrocardiographic (EKG) abnormalities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to evaluate possible associations between repolarization changes (increased corrected QT [QTc] and QT dispersion [QTd]) and clinical and laboratory variables, including the anti-Ro/SSA level and specificity (52 or 60 kd).</P>

漢代 莫府의 機能

金翰奎 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1984 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.44 No.-

This paper was prepared as part of an effort to understand the changes of the power structure during the Han dynasty. I think it will be possible to find the structural principles of the Han state from the relationship between the Imperial power and the Mu-fu, because the Mu-fu had sometimes participated in Imperial power as a part and occasionally as an opposition. Hence, the character of the state was changed. Until now few scholars have been concerned about the Mu-fu, so it has scarcely been researched. Therefore, in this paper, I tried to gain some basic information about the historical meaning and function of the Mu-fu. The findings about the Mu-fu in the Han dynasty, found in such historical records as 'Shi-chi'(史記), ?Han-su'(漢書), ?Hou-han-su'(後漢書), ?San-kuo-chi'(三國志), and so on, are as follows: (1) The Mu-fu fundamentally means an assistant means supporting the military activities of the Chiang-chun(將軍; general). That is to say, it was an administrative office which had taken charge of such affairs as application of the martial law or the military command, supplying provisions, and appointing officers. (2) The second function of the Mu-fu was that of participant in the second role of the Chiang-chun, namely assistance to the throne. So it was a political organization that framed the state policies and offered political ideas to the Ching-chun. (3) The third responsibility of the Mu-fu was the election of the bureaucracies. The Mu-fu of the Chiang-chun in the Han employed a special system, recommending the governmental bureaucracies to the Emperor. (4) The fourth function of the Mu-fu was that of central power machinery of the independent government established by the Ching-chun. In this case, the Chiang-chun was one member of the bureaucracy in theory, but an independent power in fact. Through understanding those meanings and functions of the Mu-fu, we can measure the differences between the Imperial power and the power of the Chiang-chun-mu-fu(將軍幕府). Especially through seizing the developmental steps of those functions and meanings, we can understand the change of course in the power structure. The first function of the Mu-fu was originated in the anti-Ch'in(秦) period, the second function in the pose-Han-Wu-ti(漢武帝)period, the third in the early Later Han (後漢) dynasty, the fourth in the end of the Later Han dynasty. These developmental steps show us that the self-regulative power of the Mu-fu had been strengthened. On the other hand, the unificative power of the Han state had been disrupted according to the conditions of the time. In conclusion, the Mu-fu in the Han dynasty was a contradictory being that had been a part of the state power-and concurrently disrupted it.

논문 : 한옥 생산성 향상을 위한 설계지원 방안에 관한 연구 실무 -부재가공 프로세스 분석을 중심으로-

이현우 ( Hyun Woo Lee ),정성원 ( Sung Won Jung ),전한종 ( Han Jong Jun ) 디자인융복합학회 2012 디자인융복합연구 Vol.11 No.5

기존 한옥의 계승을 위한 관련 연구가 진행되고 있으나, 한옥 보급에는 실용성을 띄지 못하고 있다. 이는 한옥 시공기술의 복잡성과 자재 생산기술 부족으로 인한 제한적 범위 내에서 공사가 진행됨에 따라 높은 공사비를 원인으로 꼽을 수 있다. 이에 따라 현재 전통 한옥이 가진 정체성을 살리고 현시대에 보급될 수 있는 신 한옥으로의 진화를 위해 부재간의 연관을 분석하고 조립하는 방식을 지식으로 구성하고 디지털 모델링을 함으로써 공사비 절감이 가능케 하는 방법 등이 연구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 한옥 설계자를 고려한 효율적인 부재 가공 정보 지원을 목표로 한옥 부재 실무 가공 분석을 통해 경제성, 시공성을 파악하고 최적화 방안을 위한 한옥 부재 제작 CNC 시뮬레이션을 통해 효율적인 가공 프로세스의 발전 가능성을 예측하여 최적화된 부재가공 정보를 제안하고 이를 기반으로 한옥 수요자들을 위한 설계지원 방법에 대한 구체적인 방안을 제시함으로써 한옥의 생상성 향상에 기여하고자 한다. There have been a lot of studies about the Han-ok, the Korean-style house, in perspective of the inheritage of existing ones, but there are no practicality in the supply of Han-ok. The cause is considered to exist in the complexity of Han-ok and the techniques required to manufacture its components and in the relatively higher construction expenses in the process which is within restricted range. On the contrary, in order to preserve the identity of traditional Han-ok and encourage the evolution to create a new Han-ok that can be supplied to the present period, there has been studies that analyzes the connection between sub-components and assemble them into a digital model which can possibly decrease the expenses spent on construction. The research`s objective is to provide valuable information for Han-ok designers, which contains methods on manufacturing sub-components effectively. Furthermore, by analyzing the current manufacturing method`s workability and economic feasibility, the research can obtain an optimum alternative for improving Han-ok`s production. Also by using CNC simulation, the possibility of an effective production can be predicted, as well as the information that can lead to the optimum method for an efficient sub-component manufacturing and suggest a specific resolution which can also affect on the improvement of Han-ok productivity.