강원도 화천군 수달(Lutra lutra) 서식지의 식생 구조

서형수 ( Hyung Soo Seo ),신영섭 ( Young Seob Shin ),이경은 ( Kyung Eun Lee ),김윤미 ( Yoon Mi Kim ),전미나 ( Mina Jeon ),남택우 ( Taek Woo Nam ),한성용 ( Sung Yong Han ),정연숙 ( Yeonsook Choung ) 한국하천호수학회 2014 생태와 환경 Vol.47 No.special

In order to determine whether vegetation would be one of the factors for the selection of otter home range, vegetation structure and other potential factors were studied in Hwacheon, Korea. Thirteen sites, otter’s activity found and not found, were investigated in North Han River and connected tributary streams of Hwacheon-gun. Three types of vegetation were classified by cluster analysis, which is short grass, tall grass and shrub type. Vegetation zone of each channel is composed of either one type, or mosaic of tall grass and shrub type. Short grass type is common in Lake Paro and upper North Han-river where water level is highly variable throughout a year. Therefore, annual species such as Persicaria nodosa, Fimbristylis dichotomam and Chenopodium ficifolium are the most dominant. Shrub type is common at the downstream sites of Jichon stream and along mainstream of North Han River down Lake Paro. A shrub species, Salix koreensis, is the most common. Tall grass type is dominant occupying the most vegetation zone of the tributary channels. Phragmites japonica is absolutely dominant. Due to its dense cover, a few plant species are co-existed. Otter activity was found in all three vegetation types and no marked activity was found at some sites of tall grass type. There is no difference in species composition and physiognomy between tall grass sites with and without otter activity, while it shows significant difference in fish availability between two groups. Overall we found that home range of otters in the region is along the mainstream and downstream of tributary streams with high fish availability in all vegetation types and in various human activity levels.

텔레비젼(TV)생산업체 근로자들의 영상단말기(VDT)작업이 시력과 안증상에 미치는 영향

우극현,최광서,정영연,한구웅,박정한,이종협,Woo, Kuck-Hyeun,Choi, Gwang-Seo,Jung, Young-Yeon,Han, Gu-Wung,Park, Jung-Han,Lee, Jong-Hyeob 대한예방의학회 1992 예방의학회지 Vol.25 No.3

영상단말기 (VDT)작업이 시력과 안증상에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 1991년 7월에서 10월 사이에 구미시의 1개 TV생산업체에 종사하는 근로자들 가운데 채용 당시 안과적으로 문제가 없었고, 나안시력이 1.0 이상인 40세 미만 남자 338명을 대상으로 일일 평균 화면작업시간이 4시간 미만인 근로자(I군, 60명)와 4시간 이상인 근로자(II군, 204명)를 폭로군으로 하고 유사한 작업환경에서 근무하는 비화면작업자(74명)를 비폭로군으로 나누어 연령, 작업경력, 교대근무형태, 확대경 사용유무, 1일 평균 TV시청 시간 및 수면시간과 그리고 안자각증상에 대한 설문조사를 실시한 후, 안과적검사를 시행하였다. 조사시 원거리시력 (양안의 평균시력)이 채용시에 비해 0.15 이상 저하된 비율은 II군이 20.6%로 비화면작업군의 14.9 %, I군의 15.0 % 보다 다소 높았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차는 아니었다. 연령, 작업경력, 확대경 사용유무, 교대근무형태 등에 따라 층화하여 원거리시력 저하율을 비교해 본 결과 세 군간에 통계적으로 유의한 차가 없었다. 근거리시력 저하율도 비화면작업군이 28.4 %, I군이 18.3 %, II군이 27.5 %로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 연령 등 4가지 독립변수를 층화하여 비교해 보아도 유의한 차이가 없었다. 안자각증상 호소율은 안피로를 포함한 7가지 항목에서 눈물이 나는 것을 제외한 모든 항목에서 비화면작업군에 비해 I군이, I군 보다는 II군이 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다(P<0.01). 화면작업자 264명 가운데 조명이 나쁜 장소에서 일하는 근로자들의 원거리시력 저하율과 안자각증상 호소율이 조명이 좋은 작업장에서 일하는 근로자보다 더 높았다(P<0.05). 7가지 안자각증상을 각 증상 마다 늘 느끼는 경우는 2, 가끔 느끼면 1, 느끼지 않으면 0으로 점수화하여 개인별 총 안증상 점수를 구해 세 군간에 원거리시력 차이 유무별로 비교해 본 결과, 시력차 유무에 따른 평균 안자각증상 점수의 차는 없었으나 시력차 유무에 관계없이 II군의 평균 안자각증상 점수가 6.13 으로 I군(3.53) 또는 비화면작업군(3.30) 보다 훨씬 더 높았다(P<0.01). 안자각증상 점수와 유의한 상관관계를 보인 독립변수들은 화면작업시간, 확대경 사용유무, 교대근무형태 등이었고, 채용시와 조사시 원거리시력 차이, 원거리시력과 근거리시력 차이, 누액분비기능, 안압, 굴절력 등과 유의한 상관관계를 보인 독립 변수는 하나도 없었다. 안자각증상 점수를 종속변수로 하는 중선형 회귀분석 결과에서는 화면작업시간이 길수록, 단부제나 2교대 근무자보다 3교대 근무자에서 유의한 선형관계를 나타내었다(P<0.01). 본 조사에서는 1일 장시간 VDT작업으로 시력이 저하되는 것은 관찰할 수 없었고 안자각증상은 유발되는 것으로 나타났다. 안자각증상의 예방을 위해 VDT 작업장의 조명을 적절하게 유지하고 장시간 연속해서 작업하지 않도록 작업관리를 해야 할 것이다. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of VDT work on eyes and vision among workers in a TV manufacturing plant. The study subjects consisted of 264 screen workers and 74 non-screen workers who were less than 40 years old male and had no history of opthalmic diseases such as corneal opacities, trauma, keratitis, etc and whose visual acuity on pre-employment health examination by Han's test chart was 1.0 or above. The screen workers were divided into two groups by actual time for screen work in a day : Group I, 60 workers, lesser than 4 hours a day and group II, 204 workers, more than 4 hours a day. From July to October 1992 a questionnaire was administered to all the study subjects for the general charateristics and subjective eye symptoms after which the opthalmologic tests such as visual acuity, spherical equivalent, lacrimal function, ocular pressure, slit lamp test, fundoscopy were conducted by one opthalmologist. The proportion of workers whose present visual acuity was decreased more than 0.15 in comparison with that on the pre-employment health examination by Han's test chart was 20.6% in Group II. 15.0% in Group I and 14.9% in non-screen workers. However, the differences in proportion were not statistically significant. The proportion of workers with decreased visual acuity was not associated with the age, working duration, use of magnifying glass and type of shift work (independent variables) in all of the three groups. However, screen workers working under poor illumination had a higher proportion of persons with decreased visual acuity than those working under adequate illumination (P<0.05) . The proportion of workers whose near vision was decreased was 27.5% in Group II, 18.3% in Group I, and 28.4% in non-screen workers and these differences in proportion were not statistically significant. Changes of near vision were not associated with 4 independent variables in all of the three groups. Six out of seven subjective eye symptoms except tearing were more common in Group I than in non-screen workers and more common in Group II than in Group I (P<0.01). Mean of the total scores for seven subjective symptoms of each worker(2 points for always, 1 point for sometimes, 0 point for never) was not significantly different between workers with decreased visual acuity and workers with no vision change. However, mean of the total scores for Group II was higher than those for the Group I and non-screen workers (P<0.01). Total eye symptom scores were significantly correlated with the grade of screen work, use of magnifying glass, and type of shift work. There was no independent variable which was correlated with the difference in visual acuity between the pre-employment health examination and the present state, the difference between far and near visions, lacrimal function, ocular pressure, and spherical equivalent. Multiple linear regression analysis for the subjective eye symptom scores revealed a positive linear relationship with actual time for screen work and shift work(P<0.01). In this study it was not observed that the VDT work decreased visual acuity but it induces subjective eye symptoms such as eye fatigue, blurred vision, ocular discomfort, etc. Maintenance of adequate illumination in the work place and control of excessive VDT work are recommended to prevent such eye symptoms.

國木田獨步 小論 : With emphasis on his naturalism 自然主義的 傾向을 中心으로

徐翰秀 東亞大學校 1984 東亞論叢 Vol.21 No.1

Kunikida Doppo's literary life was short. It lasted only ten years or so. His literary development can be devided into following three stages. 1) Stage of romantic lyric poems which often describe pastoral nature (1894~1901). 2) Stage shifting to a naturalism or realism (1902~1905). 3) Stage of naturalism(1906~1908). Works of the third stage are characterized as below. First, mood of the works seem to be corelated with the intellectuals' mood at that time, which is called a state of nil admirari. Second, typical themes he picked up are such as miserably isolated life and fruitless life. "Take no Kiod(竹の木戶)" (Bamboo Gate, 1908) and "Nirojin"(Two Elderly men, 1908); most important works of his later years, can be regarded as outcomes of these two elements mentioned before. However, they are not fully naturalism literatures because of a shortness of his understanding on the first element. In this sense, they have different relish from the works of Masamune Hakucho(正宗白島), Tokuda Shusei(德田秋聲) and so on. After all, it is not difficult to point out some literary limitation he faced on. Despite the drawback mentioned before, his intellectual technic to deal with the motif gave a strong influence on Masamune Hakucho, Mayama Seika and so on. This technic, eventually, led him to be an excellent short story writer and gave a way to form a naturalism literature in modern Japan. In this sense, Kunikida Doppo was a writer who built a bridge between Kitamura Tokoku(北村透谷) and Tayama Katai(田山花袋). He was a predecessor of naturalism literature, and most probably it owes to his aspects and sensibility towards things as well as the technic describing them.

國木田獨步의 老莊的 思想形成에 대한 小攷 : 「名利」와「利己主義」의 否定을 中心으로 With Reference to the Negation of Fame and Wealth, and Egoism

徐翰秀 東亞大學校 大學院 1981 大學院論文集 Vol.5 No.-

Doppo Kumnikida first knew Lao-tze and Chung-tze's thought after he read Mus be Butterfly Tale by Bakin Takizawa during middle school days. This work was ingluenced by the Theory of Identity, the Second (齊物論第二) in Chung-tze, the First (莊子內篇) which plot made Chung-tze a butterfly in his dream and we can call it the parody of Lado-tze and Chung-tze. Also he was in fluenced by thought as the negation of fame and wealth, contentment, everlasting and unbounded life, nihility and nature etc, in it. Doppo who was charmed by Lao-tze and Chung-tze's thought established thought to deny the social menner pursuing fame and wealth and also he accpted Lao-tze and Chung-tze's thought to deny fame and wealth as the negation of egoism. This tendency already finds mention in the theory of Ambition (1889). The thought of the negation of an empty name and a false advantage=egoism or obsurity and inaction also seems to be unhappy goodness. Thish Lao-tze and Chung-tze's thought played a role to form a part of center of the basec thought in the fomative period of literary thought of Doppo. We can't say that he arrived at even the deep essence of Lao-tze and Chung-tze's thought. He was not deeply influenced by thinking way on their baxic thoughts, as it were, the teachings of inaction and nature. The reasons are as follows: first, he is the modern man who is deeply influenced by the western thought and literature. Second, his bsic thought is derived from the truth baed on the theory of existence which is common to R.W. Everson, T. Carlyle, W. Wordsworth, Goethe, W. Shakespeare, Confucius, Mencius, Lao-tze, Chung-tze, and Christ etc.. Also he didn't feel the necessity which he must search for the special quality of Lo-tze and Chung-tze's thought bacause he didn't deeply try to trasp the individual quality of their various thoughts. Though these were manner showing the main clearness of Doppo, on the other side we can't deny that those are due to the simplicity of thought.

DSP56001을 이용한 물체의 불변 인식 시스템의 구현

한서원,엄경배 群山大學校基礎科學硏究所 1998 基礎科學硏究 Vol.13 No.-

In this study, an image processing board was developed and an invariant object recognition system was implemented on the board. The board has developed for general purpose using DSP56001. The object recognition system based on Fourier descriptor is invariant to similarity transformations such as translation, rotation and scaling. For the classification, the system adopts K-NN(K-Nearest Neighbor) algorithm. The performance of the system is evaluated with non-overlapped 2-dimensional automobile objects. The system showed perfect classification for the transformed objects. For the recognition, it takes about 0.664 second including appropriate image processing.

커피설기의 재료 배합비에 따른 품질 특성 및 상품화 방안

서한석,김세희,한복려,황인경 한국조리과학회 2004 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.20 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the instrumental and sensory characteristics of coffee-sulgi(rice cake) with different ratios of the ingredients; coffee(30㎖, 40㎖ and 50㎖ of espresso and instant coffee) and sugar(50g and 75g). A commercial scheme for coffee-sulgi was also investigated. The optimal mixing ratios of coffee-sulgi with added espresso were rice flour 500g, salt 5g, espresso 40㎖ and sugar 75g. Those of coffee-sulgi with added instant coffee were the same. As the sensory intensities of coffee aroma, coffee taste, sweetness, moistness, elasticity, color acceptance for coffee-sulgi and overall acceptance for quality were enhanced, the overall preference for coffee-sulgi was increased. In addition, overall preference was positively correlated with adhesiveness and a-value of instrumental characteristics, but negatively correlated with cohesiveness and L-value. In coffee-sulgi with added espresso, intensities of coffee aroma, browniness, coffee taste, color acceptance for coffee-sulgi, overall acceptance for quality and overall preference were higher than those of coffee-sulgi with added instant coffee. In this point, gourmet coffee-sulgi with added espresso and universal coffee-sulgi with added instant coffee could be differentiated in the coffee-sulgi markets. In conclusion, this study of coffee-sulgi and the differential scheme for the market will be useful to expand rice processing, enhance the intake of rice cakes and provide a reference for commercialization of rice cakes.

韓日 兩言語의 破裂音의 對照分析과 音聲敎育

徐翰秀 東亞大學校 大學院 1978 大學院論文集 Vol.2 No.-

Although it is generally recognized that Korean and Japanese share a number of similarities, the phonological system of the two languages are different in many respects.It will be very useful in the teaching and learning of Japanese and Korean to have some knowledge of phonetic differences from a contrastive viewpoint. The findings of a contrastive analysis between Korean and Japanese in terms of plosive sounds are as follows: 1. For the native speaker of Japanese, a plosive sound is chosen unconsciously according to its phonological environment. A. Initially a plosive is pronounced as a unvoiced, aspirated sound([ph],[th], [kh]), B. Medially, it becomes unvoiced, unaspirated([p],[t],[k]), C. When a plosive occurs as an initial sound following a mora phoneme (/N/,/Q/), it is pronounced as a fortis([p'],[t'],[k']). 2. The distinction between an aspirated and unaspirated plosive is hardly recognized by the Japanese speaker, thus causing a learning problem. 3. The Japanese speaker finds it very difficult to differentiate Korean plosives such as lenis ([b],[d],[g]), fortis([f'],[t'],[k']), and aspirated sounds([ph],[th],[kh]). 4. Inthe production of the plosives by the native speaker of Korean: A. Medially the plosive is produced with voicing, B. The Korean speaker finds it difficult to differentiate voiced sounds([b],[d],[g]) from unvoiced([b],[d],[g]), C. In particular, initial voiced sounds and medial voiceless sounds do not occur in Korean, D. In Korean a long vowel occurs initially, but not medially, whereas Japanese mora phonemes /N/, /Q/ are produced with a length of one more(beat). Thus this is a learning problem for Koreans learning Japanese. For example, the pronunciation of sokuon(/Q/"ッ"), hatsuon(/N/) by Koreans often sound unnatural. Most of errors found in the process of classroom teaching closely reflect these differences and phonetic phenomena which are observable through the contrastive analysis of the two sound systems. The findings of a contrastive study such as this should be further attempted to provide valid materials for the classroom teacher. 5. As Korean and Japanese respectively differ in discriminated recognition, we can find difference in phoneme. But allophone; aspirated, non-aspirated sound and voiced,non-voiced sound, are recognized in the two languages and share a number of similarities. Therefore, in the process of classroom teaching it will be effective that the classroom teacher puts to use the way, guides and alternate with respective phenomena of allophone for correct pronunciation.

소비자의 술집 평가기준 척도개발에 관한 연구

서정희,복미정,강한나 울산대학교 2005 생활과학논문집 Vol.6 No.2

이 논문은 울산광역시의 울산대학교 학생 200명을 대상으로 하여 소비자의 술집평가기준에 관한 척도를 개발하였다. 대학생 소비자가 술집을 선택할 때 중요하게 고려해야 할 평가기준으로 25개 문항을 선정하였다. 25개 문항을 요인분석 한 결과 8개의 요인이 추출되었다. 각 요인에 속하는 문항들의 기여도를 알아보기 위하여 요인에 포함된 모든 문항을 더한 점수를 종속변수로 하고 각 문항의 점수를 독립변수로 하여 단계별 회기분석을 함으로써 설명력의 증가분을 검토하였다. 마지막으로 척도의 신뢰도를 알아보기 위하여 25개 문항의 상관관계를 검토하였고, 요인별 신뢰도계수를 구하였다. 이러한 과정을 거친 결과 이 논문에서 개발한 척도는 신뢰도가 높다는 사실을 경험적으로 입증되었다. This research developed a scale to measure consumers' evaluative criteria about a drinking house. The data was collected from 200 college students in Ulsan. 25 items were selected as the criteria for the choice of drinking house. The factor analysis was used to identify the 8 sub-dimensions of consumers' evaluative criteria about the favorite drinking house. The stepwise multiple regression was used to predict the explanatory power of each items included in each factors. The Pearson's product moment correlation of inter item and reliability coefficient was calculated. This measure was found to be reliable throughout above mentioned several analyses.

忠南大 學生들의 職業觀에 關한 實態調査

韓相玉,片瑞英 충남대학교 학생생활연구소 1985 學生生活硏究 Vol.13 No.-

문화관광의 개념적 범위에 관한 고찰 : 관광과 문화의 관계를 중심으로

한숙영,엄서호 한국문화관광학회 2004 문화관광연구 Vol.6 No.1

The characteristic of cultural tourism has been changed since the seventeenth century based on relationship between tourism and culture. The origin of cultural tourism is usually attributed the Grand Tour, which originated in Britain in the seventeenth century. Most of the early Grand Tourist were aristocrats for whom a trip to continental Europe was often a coda to classical education. During Romanticism, the pattern of Grand tour changed form the "Classical Grand Tour" which concentrated on the culture of the ancient classical world and Renaissance, to the "Romantic Grand Tour," with more attention devoted to romantic views of urban and rural scenery. In the aftermath, cultural motive of tourism continued to be heritage tourism focused on museums, monuments, historical sits and so on. Cultural tourism can be explained as a consequence of wider social and economic trends which mark either the period of `late modernism' or `postmodernism.' Important elements of these trends which relate to the development of cultural tourism include de-differentiation between perviously separate social and economic spheres, antiauratic phenomenon between high culture and popular culture. An important consequence of these changes is that tourism and culture are to be the same sphere.