Effect of oxidizing treatment on electrocatalytic activity of boron‑doped amorphous carbon thin films

Chen‑Song Wang,Ni Suo,Hao Huang,Ai‑min Wu,Guo‑Zhong Cao,Gui‑Feng Zhang 한국탄소학회 2019 Carbon Letters Vol.29 No.5

Boron-doped amorphous carbon (BDAC) thin films with a regular oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic activity were synthesized in a hot filament chemical vapor deposition device using a mixture of CH4 and H2 as a gas source and B2O3 as a boron source and then oxidized in air at 380–470 °C for 15–75 min. Scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrochemical tests were used to characterize the physical and electrochemical properties of the BDAC catalysts. It was concluded that the BDAC catalyst oxidized at 450 °C for 45 min showed the best ORR catalytic activity in alkaline medium. The oxygen reduction potential and the transfer electron number n, respectively, are − 0.286 V versus Ag/AgCl and 3.24 from the rotating disk electrode experiments. The treated carbon film has better methanol resistance and stability than the commercial Pt/C catalyst.

Analysis of Different Activation Statuses of Human Mammary Epithelial Cells from Young and Old Groups

Feng, Chen-Chen,Chen, Li-Na,Chen, Mei-Jun,Li, Wan,Jia, Xu,Zhou, Yan-Yan,He, Wei-Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.8

Human mammary epithelial cells have different proliferative statuses and demonstrate a close relationship with age and cell proliferation. Research on this topic could help understand the occurrence, progression and prognosis of breast cancer. In this article, using significance analysis of a microarray algorithm, we analyzed gene expression profiles of human mammary epithelial cells of different proliferative statuses and different age groups. The results showed there were significant differences in gene expression in the same proliferation status between elderly and young groups. Three common differentially expressed genes were found to dynamically change with the proliferation status and to be closely related to tumorigenesis. We also found elderly group had less status-related differential genes from actively proliferating status to intermediate status and more statusrelated differential genes from intermediate status than the young group. Finally, functional enrichment analyses allowed evaluation of the detailed roles of these differentially-expressed genes in tumor progression.

2022 Taiwan clinical multicenter expert consensus and recommendations for thyroid radiofrequency ablation

Wei-Che Lin,Wen-Chieh Chen,Pei-Wen Wang,Yi-Chia Chan,Yen-Hsiang Chang,Harn-Shen Chen,Szu-Tah Chen,Wei-Chih Chen,Kai-Lun Cheng,Shun-Yu Chi,Pi-Ling Chiang,Chen-Kai Chou,Feng-Fu Chou,Shun-Chen Huang,Feng 대한초음파의학회 2023 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.42 No.3

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive management strategy that has been widely applied for benign and recurrent malignant thyroid lesions as an alternative to surgery in Taiwan. Members of academic societies for specialists in interventional radiology, endocrinology, and endocrine surgery collaborated to develop the first consensus regarding thyroid RFA in Taiwan. The modified Delphi method was used to reach a consensus. Based on a comprehensive review of recent and valuable literature and expert opinions, the recommendations included indications, pre-procedural evaluations, procedural techniques, post-procedural monitoring, efficacy, and safety, providing a comprehensive review of the application of RFA. The consensus effectively consolidates advice regarding thyroid RFA in clinical practice for local experts.

Reduction of Erythrocyte Fluid Adaptability Due to Cell Membrane Hardening Based on Single‑Cell Analysis

Yuanyuan Chen,Zhongnan Li,Xue Bai,Yanmin Feng,Lin Feng,Deyuan Zhang,Huawei Chen,Haosheng Chen 한국바이오칩학회 2021 BioChip Journal Vol.15 No.1

Because of the rapid development of precision medicine, single-cell analysis has attracted increasing research attention, especially for erythrocyte, whose potential role in the formation of vascular plaque (atherosclerosis) has emphasized the importance of flow characteristics of single erythrocytes in bionic microfluidics. Based on the high incidence of vascular plaques among the elderly and those who have received blood transfusions, we hypothesized that cell membrane hardening changes the fluid adaptability of individual erythrocytes. This hypothesis was verified using an in vitro microfluidic technique based on an analysis of the flow morphology and cell trajectory of individual cells. A symmetrical microchannel was fabricated with a central stenosis to simulate a blood vessel containing plaque. During flowing through this microchannel, normal erythrocyte predominantly exhibited deforming, rotating, and lifting morphologies, resulting in discontinuous contact with the channel wall and a narrower distribution. Conversely, hardened erythrocytes exhibited rolling, swinging, and tumbling morphologies, resulting in stable and continuous contact with the channel wall and a wider distribution. These results indicate that cell membrane hardening decrease cell fluid adaptability on a microscopic scale. This research can offer some new insights into vascular plaques research from a bio-tribological and mechanical perspectives.

주자(朱子)의 인심도심설(人心道心說)에서의 이기(理氣) 문제와 조선 유학자의 해석

채진풍 ( Tsai Chen-feng ) 퇴계학연구원 2019 退溪學報 Vol.145 No.-

朱熹(1130~1200)는 ‘中和新說’을 완성한 뒤에 ‘心統性情’의 이론적 구조를 확립하였다. 心이 性과 情을 통섭한다는 주장의 구도에서 주희의 공부론은 ‘未發’ㆍ‘已發’ 두 방면으로 논의될 수 있다. 그러나 ‘心統性情’과 ‘理/氣’ㆍ‘人心/道心’설은 동일한 이론의 위치에 놓고 보면 거기에는 주희가 명확히 설명하지 않은 이론적 문제가 다분히 존재하는 데, 그로 인해 후대의 학자들이 해석상의 다양한 이견을 내놓게 되었다. 주자 및 그 후학들의 논쟁의 소재를 해명하기 위해, 본고에서는 동아시아 주자학의 입장에서 주희ㆍ陳淳(北溪, 1484~1544)과 조선의 유학자인 李退溪(滉, 1501~1570)ㆍ李栗谷(珥, 1536~1584)ㆍ丁茶山(若鏞, 1762~1836)의 관점을 토론하고 이로써 문제의 소재 및 그 가능한 발전에 대해 설명해 보았다. 본 논문의 결론은 다음과 같다. 이퇴계와 이율곡, 그리고 정약용이 주희가 말한 것에 대해서 해석하고 수정한 내용을 통해 보면, 주희가 말한 理는 확실히 모종삼이 말한 것과 같은 “理는 단지 존재하고 활동하지는 않는다”와 “理가 정태적 존재의 리가 된다” 라는 의심을 낳기 쉽다. 그리고 퇴계와 율곡이 주희가 말한 것을 수정한 내용이 비록 같진 않더라도, 그들은 대개 마음이 ‘선을 알고 악을 알 수 있는 것’은 ‘격물궁리‘의 과정을 통할 필요가 없다는 것에 동의한다. 그리고 모두 마음이 理와 氣 사이를 주재한다는 뜻을 강조한다. 이는 중국의 양명학 발전과도 그 방향성을 같이하는 것이다. 이퇴계와 이율곡이 朱子學을 해석ㆍ수정한 것에 따라, 정약용이 이기론 혹은 주희의 형이상학에 반대하는 논점을 형성한 것 또한 자연스러운 일인 듯하다 After acquiring his new understanding of “Zhong He,” Zhu Xi completes the theoretical construction that mind combines Nature and Sentiment (xin tong xing ching 心統性情), which makes him be able to develop a twofold discourse on the “manifest” (yifa 已發) and “not-manifest” (weifa 未發) mind in self cultivation. When applying the same theoretical principle to compare the above theories of Zhu xi, however, there are unsolved problems that give rise to later-day disputes. In order to clarify the problem of these disputes, this paper, in the light of East Asian schools of Zhu Xi, studies the idea of Chinese scholars, Zhu xi and Chen Chun (Beixi, 1484-1544), and Joseon Confucians, Yi Toegye (Hwang, 1501-1570), Yi Yolgok (I, 1536-1584) and Jeong Yakyong (Dasan, 1762-1836). Through this study, we concludes that, by observing Joseon Confucians’ interpretation and rectification of Zhu Xi, the Principle (li 理) in Zhu Xi’s theory is easily in the danger that, called by Mou Zongsan, “being existent without functioning” or “being a statically existential principle.” Yi Toegye and Yi Yolgok both agree that the ability of human mind to know good and evil does not need to be cultivated by the method “Study the Phenomena of Nature and comprehend the Whole Truth (gewu qiongli 格物窮理).” They put their emphasis on the authoritativeness of human mind between Li and Chi, which exhibits a trend the same with Wang Yangming School in China. At last, Jeong Yakyong, absorbing theoretical resource of the above two predecessors, opposes the metaphysics of Zhu Xi.

Association between PM2.5 exposure and risk of Parkinson’s disease in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Taiwan: a nested case-control study

Ci-Wen Luo(Ci-Wen Luo),Yu-Hsiang Kuan(Yu-Hsiang Kuan),Wen-Ying Chen(Wen-Ying Chen),Chun-Jung Chen(Chun-Jung Chen),Frank Cheau-Feng Lin(Frank Cheau-Feng Lin ),Stella Chin-Shaw Tsai(Stella Chin-Shaw Tsa 한국역학회 2023 Epidemiology and Health Vol.45 No.-

OBJECTIVES: This cohort study investigated the correlation between Parkinson’s disease (PD) risk and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk under particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) exposure. METHODS: Data from the National Health Research Institutes of Taiwan were used in this study. The Environmental Protection Administration of Taiwan established an air quality monitoring network for monitoring Taiwan’s general air quality. COPD was indicated by at least 3 outpatient records and 1 hospitalization for COPD. After the implementation of age, sex, and endpoint matching at a 1:4 ratio, 137 patients and 548 patients were included in the case group and control group, respectively. Based on the 2005 World Health Organization (WHO) standards, monthly air particle concentration data were classified into the following 4 groups in analyses of exposure–response relationships: normal level, and 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 times the WHO level ([concentration ≥2]×25 μg/m3×number of exposure months). RESULTS: A multivariate logistic regression revealed that the 1.0 and 1.5 WHO level groups did not significantly differ from the normal level group, but the 2.0 WHO level did (odds ratio, 4.091; 95% confidence interval, 1.180 to 14.188; p=0.038). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated PM2.5 concentrations were significantly correlated with an increased risk of PD among patients with COPD. Furthermore, exposure to high PM2.5 levels can further increase the risk of PD.

Learning Attitude and Its Effect on Applying Cloud Computing Service to IT Education

Chen-Feng Wu 보안공학연구지원센터(IJUNESST) 2013 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.6 No.1

A Monascus pilosus MS-1 strain with high-yield monacolin K but no citrinin

Feng, Yanli,Chen, Wanping,Chen, Fusheng 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.4

Monacolin K (MK) produced by Monascus spp. is mostly used to regulate cholesterol level, while it can be contaminated by citrinin, a mycotoxin yielded by some Monascus strains. To develop production of citrinin-free MK, an M. sp. MS-1 strain, identified as M. pilosus by morphologies and internal transcribed spacer sequences analysis, was isolated from red fermented rice. After 14 days of fermentation, yields of citrinin-free MK could be up to 0.58 mg/mL and 16.45 mg/g in liquid- and solid-state fermentation products under optimal conditions, respectively. Further determination revealed that no citrinin biosynthesis related genes such as ctnA, pksCT, ctnE, and ctnR were detected. Thus, HPLC combined with citrinin-related gene analyses can be used for rapid screening of non-citrinin production Monascus strains.

A Portable Wireless EEG System for Neurofeedback: Design and Implementation

Chen, Hai-Feng,Ye, Dong-Hee,Kang, Young-Ho,Lee, Jung-Tae The Korean Society of Medical and Biological Engin 2007 의공학회지 Vol.28 No.4

Human can learn how to shape their brain electrical activity in a desired direction through continuous feedback of the electroencephalogram (EEG), and this technique is known as Neurofeedback (or EEG biofeedback), which has been used since the late 1960s in clinical applications. In this study, a portable wireless EEG (named wEEG) has been designed and implemented, which consists of a mobile station (a wireless two-channel EEG acquisition device) and a base station (a bridge between mobile station and computer). Moreover, a SensoriMotor Rhythm (SMR) training system was also implemented with the wEEG for enhancing attention with virtual environment. Experiment results based on 16 volunteers' (8 females and 8 males, average age is $27{\pm}4$) were reported in this paper. The results show that the SMR ratio of 87.5% subjects increased about 0.7% in training status than that in the stable status. With the proposed system, many training protocol scan be designed easily and can be done at home in our daily life conveniently. Additionally, the proposed system will be useful for disabled and aged people.

Slow Release Fertilizer Decreases Leaching Loss of Nitrogen in Sand-based Root Zone

Chen Wei-Feng(첸웨이펭),Wang-Wei(왕웨이),Qi Ying-Jie(퀴잉제) 한국잡초학회·한국잔디학회 2007 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.21 No.2

축구장의 식재지반이 모래로 조성될 경우 낮은 보비력과 높은 용탈율로 인해 시비관리의 조정이 필요하다. 본 실험의 목적은 PVC관을 이용한 경기장 유사모형 실험구에서 캔터키 블루그래스에 있어서 완효성비료의 생육 효과를 비교 실험하였다. 잔디의 색깔, 균일도, 생육, 지상부 생체량과배출수의 질산의 유출량을 몇가지 다른 생육상과 네번의 유사 강우 시험 시 행하였다. 실험 결과 요소의 성분 유출량이 가장 높았고 공시 완효성비료는 가장 낮았다. 이 완효성 비료는 다른 공사 잔디비료에 비해 14일간, 요소보다는 28일간 잔디의 품질 변에서 비효가 지속되었다. 또한 이 완효성비료는 잔디의 웃자람과 잔디깎기에 소요되는 시간을 줄일 수 있었다. 질산태 질소의 유출에 았어서도잔디의 조성 초반기에 50% 정도를 감소 시켰다. When a football field is constructed using sand medium, the fertilizer management has to be adjusted because of the low nutrient holding capacity and higher leaching rate. The objective of this study was to test the effects of slow release fertilizers on Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) growth in simulated sport field rootzones with PVC pipe pots. Data of turf grass color, uniformity, growth rate, biomass above ground, and the nitrate content in the leaching solution was collected at different growing stages and during four simulated rain fall periods. The result showed that the nutrient release rate of urea was the highest and that of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer was the lowest. Effects of the controlled release nitrogen fertilizer lasted 14 days more than other lawn fertilizers and 28 days longer than regular urea with acceptable quality levels of turf. The slow release fertilizer also restrained excessive growth of the grass, reduced the times of mowing. Slow release fertilizer used in this study reduced NO₃-N leaching by almost 50% at the beginning of turf establishment.