Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in a Chinese Population-Based Sample

Fei Han,Fei-Fei Zhai,Quan Wang,Li-Xin Zhou,Jun Ni,Ming Yao,Ming-Li Li,Shu-Yang Zhang,Li-Ying Cui,Zheng-Yu Jin,Yi-Cheng Zhu 대한뇌졸중학회 2018 Journal of stroke Vol.20 No.2

Background and Purpose Epidemiological data of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) in the general population of China are lacking. We report on the prevalence of lacunes, white matter hyperintensity (WMH), and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in a community-based sample in China and compare the results with those of other studies. Methods This was a cross-sectional analysis of the population-based Shunyi Study in China. A total of 1,211 stroke-free participants (mean age, 55.6±9.3 years; 37.4% men) with available 3 Tesla (3T) magnetic resonance images were included in this analysis. Demographic information and risk factor data were assessed. The overall and age-specific prevalence of lacunes, WMH, and CMBs was evaluated. Associations between cardiovascular risk factors and the presence of these lesions were analyzed by multiple logistic regression. Results Our study showed a prevalence of 14.5% for lacunes, 72.1% for periventricular hyperintensity (PVH), 65.4% for deep white matter hyperintensity (DWMH), and 10.6% for CMBs. When compared with other community-based samples, individuals in the same age group showed a higher burden of lacunes and a relatively lower prevalence of CMBs. Advanced age was independently associated with the prevalence of these CSVD markers, while the presence of hypertension increased the risk of lacunes, PVH/DWMH, and CMBs in deep or infratentorial locations. Conclusions A higher burden of lacunes but a relatively lower prevalence of CMBs was observed in this Chinese population. This notable result highlights the challenge of CSVD prevention in China. Chinese have a risk factor profile for CSVD similar to those in other populations.

배당금 지급, 미래의 주가 폭락 위험 및 지배주주

자이페이 ( Zhai Fei ),이찬호 ( Lee Chan-ho ) 한국세무회계학회 2021 세무회계연구 Vol.- No.70

[연구목적] 본 연구는 중국기업을 대상으로 배당금 지급과 미래 주가 폭락 위험 간의 관련성 및 이들 간의 관련성에 있어 지배주주의 영향을 검증하였다. [연구방법] 이를 위해 먼저 배당금 지급이 미래 주가 폭락 위험에 미치는 영향과 함께 이를 토대로 과잉투자성향이 높은 기업의 경우 배당금 지급이 미래 주가 폭락 위험에 미치는 영향을 각각 다중회귀분석으로 검증하였다. 또한 배당금 지급과 미래 주가 폭락 위험 간의 관련성에 있어 지배주주의 영향을 추가적으로 검증하였다. [연구결과] 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 배당금 지급과 미래 주가 폭락 위험은 양(+)의 관련성을 나타냈다. 둘째, 과잉투자성향이 높은 기업의 경우 배당금 지급과 미래 주가 폭락간의 양(+)의 관련성이 더 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 지배주주가 과잉투자성향이 높은 기업의 배당금 지급과 미래 주가 폭락 간의 양(+)의 관련성을 억제하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 과잉투자성향의 위험이 지배주주의 영향보다 배당금 지급과 미래 주가 폭락 간의 관련성에 더 큰 영향을 미친 결과로 설명할 수 있다. [연구의 시사점] 본 연구는 중국기업을 대상으로 배당금 지급, 미래 주가 폭락 위험 그리고 지배주주 간의 관련성을 검증한 첫 연구라는 점에서 공헌점이 있으며 연구의 차별성이 있을 것으로 기대된다. [Purpose] This paper takes Chinese companies as the object to investigate the correlation between dividend payment and future stock price crash risk, and how controlling shareholder impacts on this correlation. [Methodology] To prove the hypothesises, we used multiple regression analysis to investigate the impact of dividend payment on future stock price crash risk, and the impact of dividend payment of firms with a high tendency to overinvest on future stock price crash risk. In addition, we also investigated the impact of the controlling shareholder on correlation between dividend payment and future stock price crash risk. [Findings] The research results are as follows. First, the dividend payment is positively correlated with the future stock price crash risk. Second, for firms with a high tendency to overinvest, the positive correlation between dividend payment and future stock price crash risk is more higher. Third, controlling shareholders cannot suppress the positive correlation between dividend payment of firms with a high tendency to overinvest and the future stock price crash, which can be explained as that, compared to the influence of controlling shareholder, overinvestment propensity has a greater impact on the relationship between dividend payment and the future stock price crash. [Implications] This paper is the first to investigate the relationship between dividend payment, future stock price crash risk and controlling shareholders from the perspective of over-investment based on China.

Dynamic modeling and analysis for transmission system of high-power wind turbine gearbox

Hongfei Zhai,Caichao Zhu,Chaosheng Song,Hua iju Liu,Guangfu Li,Fei Ma 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.10

As a key component to adjust the speed and torque, double-fed speed up gearbox plays a vital role in reliability and stability for thewind turbine system. Considering the base helix angle, normal pressure angle, position angle, rotation of carrier and the mesh of the ringgear and planet gear, a coupled dynamic model for high-power wind turbine gearbox transmission system, which consists of two helicalplanetary stages and one helical gear stage was established using the lumped parameter method in this paper. Numerical integration applyingthe explicit 4/5th order Runge-Kutta algorithm was used to solve the proposed model and the dynamic responses of transmissionsystem were investigated. Results show that the modal frequencies for the system are not coincided with the gear mesh frequencies of thestages. Then, the dynamic mesh forces of the 1st stage in different models are compared and analyzed in frequency domain.

Academic performance and peer relations among rural-to-urban migrant children in Beijing: Do social identity and self‐efficacy matter?

Yixuan Wang,Fei Pei,Fuhua Zhai,Qin Gao 한국사회복지학회 2019 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.13 No.3

Due to the household registration system, millions of rural-to-urban migrant children in China are ineligible to receive urban social welfare benefits. These children poten-tially suffer from the evolving awareness of their perceived inferior social identity and experiences of inequalities at an early stage of life. This study examined whether self-perceived social identity is related to academic performance and peer relations among rural-to-urban migrant children in Beijing. Data were collected from 136 children during 2013 and 2014 in three schools for migrant children in Beijing. Path analysis showed that children who identified as a Beijinger, compared with those who self-identified with their rural hometown, had better self-efficacy, which in turn was associated with better academic performance and better peer relations. Enlightened by Western theories, these findings suggest that migrant children’s performance in school could be enhanced by cultivating positive perceptions of their social identity through teachers’ practice and community- and policy-level social support.

Global Adaptive Control for a Class of Uncertain Stochastic Nonlinear Systems with Unknown Output Gain

Wenting Zha,Junyong Zhai,Shumin Fei 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2017 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.15 No.3

This paper addresses the global adaptive control problem for a class of uncertain stochastic nonlinearsystems in the output-feedback form. Due to the unknown output gain, we construct a full-order homogeneousobserver instead of using the system output. Then, by adding a power integrator technique, an output-feedbackcontroller is designed, as well as an adaptive law to deal with the unknown nonlinear growth rates. Based on thegeneralized stochastic Lyapunov stability theorem, it can be proved that all the signals of the closed-loop systemare bounded in probability, and the system states converge to the origin almost surely.

An exchange bias observed in Tb/Cr/FeCo trilayers with ultrathin Cr layer at low temperature

Sun Li,Li Xiaoyan,Zhang Yiwei,Song Hengbo,Zhang Wen,Kou Zhaoxia,Zhang Dong,Liu Xiaoying,Fei Hongyang,Pan Mengmei,Zhao Zhibin,Zhai Ya 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.44 No.-

Positive exchange bias field (He) is observed in Tb/Cr (tCr)/FeCo trilayers at 5 K without cooling field, and negative He for Tb/FeCo bilayer. The negative He of Tb/FeCo implies the FM coupling at the interface due to Co and Fe dominate in the magnetization of the ferrimagnetic interlayer alloy of FeCo and Tb. With the inserting of Cr layer, this situation is broken, and the positive He implies the antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling. A peak of He = 6.0 mT for trilayers with tCr = 1.5 nm is corresponding to the minimum value of coercivity as a function of tCr at 5 K, which is used to study the effect of the cooling field (Hfc) on He as a function of temperature. It is found that Hfc of 100 mT triggers He from positive to negative at T ≤ 15 K. The magnetoresistance results also confirm the coexistence of multiple MR mechanisms in these trilayers.

Prevalence of Spina Bifida Occulta and Its Relationship With Overactive Bladder in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese People

Jun Wei Wu,Yu Rong Xing,Yi Bo Wen,Tian Fang Li,Quan De Feng,Xiao Ping Shang,Yun Long Li,Jin Jin Feng,Xin Xin Wang,Rong Qun Zhai,Xiang Fei He,Tao Chen,Xin Jian Liu,Jian Guo Wen 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2016 International Neurourology Journal Vol.20 No.2

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of spina bifida occulta (SBO) and its relationship with the presence of overactive bladder (OAB) in middle-aged and elderly people in China. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based survey was carried out at 7 communities in Zhengzhou City, China from December 15, 2013 to June 10, 2014, where residents aged over 40 years were randomly selected to participate. All of the participants underwent lumbosacral radiographic analysis and relevant laboratory tests. A questionnaire including basic information, past medical history and present illness, and the OAB symptom score was filled out by all participants. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used for data analysis with a P-value of <0.05 denoting statistical significance. Results: A total of 1,061 subjects were qualified for the final statistical analysis (58.8±11.7 years; male, 471 [44.4%]; female, 590 [55.6%]). The overall prevalence of SBO was 15.1% (160 of 1,061): 18.3% (86 of 471) in men and 12.5% (74 of 590) in women. Among these subjects, 13.7% (145 of 1,061) had OAB: 13.2% (62 of 471) in men and 14.1% (83 of 590) in women. The results of logistic regression showed that age, SBO, history of cerebral infarction (HCI), and constipation were risk factors for OAB (P<0.05), while sex, history of childhood enuresis (HCE), body mass index (BMI), and diabetes mellitus (DM) were not (P>0.05). In men, age, SBO, and constipation were risk factors for OAB (P<0.05), while HCE, BMI, DM, HCI, and benign prostate hyperplasia were not (P>0.05). In women, age, SBO, and HCI were risk factors for OAB (P<0.05), while HCE, BMI, DM, vaginal delivery, and constipation were not (P>0.05). Conclusions: The prevalence of SBO is high and it is related to OAB in middle-aged and elderly people in China.