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김동춘 ( Dong Chun Kim ) 한국산림과학회 1973 한국산림과학회지 Vol.19 No.1
Surveys of stock volume on steep and vast expanse of mountains, involves various difficulties. And it is extremely uneconomical in forest management point of view, to spend lots of time and man power for surveying such tree volume as the value is much cheaper in comparison with volume and weight. Therefore, a stand volume table estimate easely stock volume per hectare basis from aerial photographs was prepared and correlations to stand volume among factors affecting tree volumation, were studied. Data were 114 places selected from planted Korean white pine, Pinus koreiensis Sieb. et Zucc. stands in Kwangnung Experiment Forest and were computed and analysed by the means of the quantification in the multi-variate statistical analysis. Electronic Data Processing System was applied for data processing at Korean Instiute of Science and Technology. Coefficients of multiple correlations of stand volume table was ranged 0.85∼0.88.
R-러닝 로봇의 활동성에 기초한 통합적 신체활동 프로그램이 유아의 신체활동 참여 및 신체표현에 미치는 효과
김동춘 ( Dong Chun Kim ),이경옥 ( Kyung Ok Lee ),방유선 ( Yoo Soon Bang ),이영애 ( Young Ae Lee ),이지영 ( Ji Young Lee ) 한국유아교육학회 2013 유아교육연구 Vol.33 No.3
본 연구는 R-러닝 로봇의 활동성에 기초한 통합적 신체활동 프로그램이 유아의 신체활동에 대한 참여와 창의적 신체표현에 미치는 영향에 대해 살펴보았다. R-러닝 로봇의 활동성에 기초한 통합적 신체활동 프로그램은 유치원 교육과정과 누리과정 및 기존의 현장적용 사례를 기초로 하여 총 10주차 21개 활동으로 구성하였다. 연구대상은 서울소재 유치원 2개 기관의 59명으로, 실험집단은 제니보를 활용하고 있는 시험유치원으로 개발된 프로그램을 적용 하였고, 통제집단에는 로봇을 활용하지 않고 일반적인 신체활동을 운영하였다. 프로그램의 효과 검증을 위하여 세 집단의 신체활동 참여수준은 McWilliam(1998) 과 이경옥과 이근영(2002)의 연구에서 사용한 참여수준 도구를 참고하여 이경옥과 이상희(예정)가 개발한 유아의 신체활동 참여수준 관찰 도구를 사용하였으며, 창의적 신체표현은 Krechevsky(1998)가 고안한 Project Spectrum: Preschool assessment handbook검사 도구 중 창의성 신체표현 부분을 이만수(2006)가 수정한 도구를 본 연구에 맞게 수정·보완하여 사용하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 19.0을 사용하여 기술통계를 산출하고, 집단별 신체활동 참여수준은 t-test, 창의적 신체표현은 사전검사 결과를 공변인으로 하여 공변량분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과는 R-러닝 로봇의 활동성에 기초한 통합적 신체활동 프로그램은 유아의 신체활동 참여수준, 창의적 신체 표현 등에 긍정적인 효과가 있었다. 본 연구 결과는 유아교육현장을 위한 로봇기반 교육 프로그램 개발 및 로봇기반 교육 활용에 있어 의미 있는 시사점을 제공하고 있다. More and more often, robots are being employed in the classroom for the purpose of teaching cognitive skills. This study considers the practical implications of using robots in conjunction with physical activities. Specifically, the effect of an integrated physical activities program using robots on young children`s participation level and creative expression is examined. The program consists of 21 physical activities. Its construction is based on the Korean National Kindergarten Curriculum and the few existing cases of real-life applications. Subjects are 88five-year-olds from three kindergartens in Seoul divided into an experimental, a comparative and a control group. Twice a week for 10 weeks, the experimental group used a model kindergarten wherein robots were already in practical use. The comparative group applied the robotic program developed by the institution itself. The control group ran a general physical activities program without using the robot. The participation level in physical activity and creative physical expression of three the groups were compared and analyzed. The results indicate that an integrated physical activity program using robots has a positive and statistically significant effect on children`s participation in physical activity and creative physical expression. The development of various programs and application of strategies for effective R-learning education are suggested.
미국의 국가이미지와 방문경험이 해외직구의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 실증연구
김동춘 ( Dong-chun Kim ),남경두 ( Kyung-doo Nam ) 한국통상정보학회 2017 통상정보연구 Vol.19 No.1
본 연구의 목적은 미국의 국가이미지와 방문경험이 해외직접구매의도에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것이다. 국가이미지의 구성요소로써 경제기술이미지, 사회문화이미지 그리고 국민이미지를 사용하였으며, 총 155명의 국내소비자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 데이터분석에는 단순회귀분석, 다중회귀분석 그리고 t검증이 사용되었다. 국가이미지는 해외직구의도를 예측함에 있어 매우 중요한 요인으로 결과가 도출되었으며 다중회귀분석 결과는 국가이미지의 구성요소 중 사회문화이미지가 해외직구의도에 가장 중요한 영향을 미치며, 경제기술이미지 또한 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 국민이미지는 국내 소비자가 해외직구를 할 때 고려하지 않는 것으로 분석되었다. 미국 방문경험 여부에 따른 해외직구의도에 차이가 있는지 살펴본 결과 이전에 미국을 방문을 경험해 본 소비자는 방문경험이 없는 소비자보다 해외직구를 할 의향이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 해외직구 소비자 이해의 폭을 넓히고 해외직판을 계획하고 있는 기업들의 향후 판매전략과 마케팅전략을 수립함에 있어서 유용한 정보를 제공하는데 있다. This study intended to investigate to what extent country image of America and previous visit experience affect the cross-border shopping intention. In particular, the present study used a country image measurement brought from another research study the factors of which are economy-technology image, social-cultural image, and citizen image. A total of 155 respondents participated in the survey targeting Korean citizen for the present study. Single regression, multiple regression, and independent t-test were conducted for data analysis. The result of the single regression indicated that country image is a critical predictor of cross-border shopping intention. The Multiple regression revealed that among three factors composing country image, social-cultural image plays the most significant and economy-technology image plays the second-most significant role in influencing cross-border shopping intention. However, it was found that citizen image does not play a substantial role for some reason. Moreover, the result of t-test showed that those who have a prior visit experience to America are more likely to buy products online from America than those who don`t have prior visit experience. More detailed findings and implications will be discussed in the manuscript.
IncotermsⓇ 2020하에서 변경된 보험조항에 관한 연구
김동춘(Dong-Chun Kim) 한국무역연구원 2020 무역연구 Vol.16 No.3
Purpose - The purpose of this study is to review and analyze the significant changes of the Insurance clauses in the newly revised Incoterms?? 2020 which were enforced beginning 1 January 2020. As the Incoterms?? 2020 plays a role as the governing law between exporters and importers, it is required to re-examine any changes which affect the parties’ obligation. Therefore, this study examines the clauses of contracts of insurance under articles A5 and B5 of Incoterms?? 2010 and provides the problems of the clauses. Design/Methodology/Approach - This study compared every single insurance clauses in Incoterms?? 2010 and Incoterms?? 2020. Findings - A review revealed that unlike A3 of both CIF and CIP Incoterms?? 2010 in which the seller is obliged to obtain at its own the minimum cover or any similar clauses, the seller governed by the Incoterms?? 2020 must obtain the maximum cover complying with the cover provided by Clauses (A) of the Institute Carco Clauses or similar clauses following the means of transport used at its own cost under the CIP. However, the seller’s obligation under CIF remained the same. Even though the CIP requires the seller to obtain the maximum cover such as ICC (A), it is also possible to obtain the lower level cover as long as the parties agree to it. Research Implications - As the Incoterms?? rules provide the division of risk, costs and obligations, the parties must obey once they agree to use it in the sales contract. Therefore, the parties must understand what needs to be done in order to operate their contract smoothly should they decide to use Incoterms?? for their sales contract. This study reduces the misunderstanding and disputes that can arise between the parties as it helps the practitioners in the field use it properly.
김동춘(Kim, Dong-Chun) 역사비평사 2012 역사비평 Vol.- No.100
The TRCK finished its fact-finding mission in December 2010 and the recommendations it issued should be executed by the concerned government bodies. But after the Lee Myung-bak government in 2008, the government neglected in implementing the recommendations. In terms of historical mission of the TRCK, much follow-up measures should be taken by the government ; further investigations, enacting a special law for compensating the victims, establishing foundations for education and research, enacting a special law for exhumation of the presumed burial sites and building a monumental park for permanent storage of the exhumed bodies, and building special archives for preserving and displaying the concerned documents and materials. But in order to remove the possibility of the recurrences of the human rights violations, asking the responsibility of the perpetrators should be considered.