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이호생(Ho-Saeng Lee),진병주(Byoung-Ju Jin),윤정인(Jung-In Yoon),황준현(Jun-Hyeon Hwang),진심원(Sim-Won Jin),경익수(Ick-Soo Kyung),Donald C Erickson 대한설비공학회 2009 설비공학 논문집 Vol.21 No.8
Experimental results for performance characteristics of small H₃ absorption chiller/heater are presented. The apparatus consists of 7RT water-cooled absorption system, solution pump, boiler, cooling tower and peripheral devices. The effect of experimental parameters, such as refrigerant mass flow rate, solution mass flow rate and cooling water temperature have been investigated in view of the system performance. The capacity of each heat exchanger increased as refrigerant mass flow rate increased in cooling mode. Also, a cooling capacity increased as a strong solution mass flow rate increased. The cooling and heating COP show 0.5, 1.5 regardless of refrigerant mass flow rate, respectively. The results focus on the evaluation for performance characteristics of system with respect to variation of refrigerant mass flow rate under standard design conditions.
Light transmission/absorption characteristics of the meibomian gland
Hwang, Ho Sik,Xie, Yilu,Koudouna, Elena,Na, Kyung-Sun,Yoo, Young-Sik,Yang, Suk-Woo,Brown, Donald J.,Jester, James V. Elsevier 2018 The ocular surface Vol.16 No.4
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Purpose</B></P> <P>While meibography has proven useful in identifying structural changes in the meibomian gland (MG), little is known regarding the MG spectral transmission and absorption characteristics. The purpose of this study was to measure the transmission/absorption spectra of the MG compared to other eyelid tissues.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Human and rabbit eyelids were fixed in paraformaldehyde, serial sectioned (50 μm) using a cryotome and imaged by brightfield and reflectance microscopy. Eyelid regions (MG, muscle, tarsus and dermis) were then illuminated by a 100 μm spot using a infrared enhanced white light source. Transmission spectra over a 550–950 nm range were then measured using a spectrometer and differences compared using two-way analysis of variance.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Brightfield microscopy of both human and rabbit eyelid tissue showed a marked decrease in light transmission for MG acini compared to other eyelid tissues. In rabbit, the dermis showed 5× and the muscle showed 2× more light transmission compared to MG (P < .001 and P < .001, respectively). For human, the muscle showed 14× and the tarsus showed 84× more light transmission compared to MG (P < .01 and P < .001, respectively). No specific spectral region of light absorption could be detected in either rabbit or human MG. Loss of light transmission in MG was localized to acini containing small lipid droplets, averaging 2.7 ± 0.8 μm in diameter.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>The data suggest that light transmission is dramatically reduced in the acini due to light scattering by small lipid droplets, suggesting that Meibography detects active lipid synthesis in differentiating meibocytes.</P>
Su-Ho Choi,Donald S. Chandler,Jong-Seok Park 한국응용곤충학회 2023 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.10
The subfamily Pselaphinae is one of the largest groups in the family Staphylinidae. Pselaphine beetles consists of 6 supertribes. The supertribe Faronitae consists of 30 genera worldwide, with 14 genera in Australia and New Zealand. While examining faronite specimens, we separated 366 specimens that did not belong to any known faronite genera. Species of this genus can be separated from other faronite genera by the foveal system, features of the aedeagus, and collection localities which are only collected in the southern part of Australia. Through this study, we describe seven new species and three new combinations that previously belonged to the genus Sagola.
표준강수증발산지수를 활용한 미래 가뭄특성의 시계열 변화전망
Nam, Won-Ho,Hayes, Michael J.,Wilhite, Donald A.,Svoboda, Mark D. 한국농공학회 2015 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.57 No.1
Recent droughts in South Korea have had large economic and environmental impacts across the country. Changes in rainfall and hydrologic patterns due to climate change can potentially increase the occurrence of extreme droughts and affect the future availability of water resources. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate drought vulnerability for water resources planning and management, and identify the appropriate mitigation actions to conduct a drought risk analysis in the context of climate change. The objective of this study is changes in the temporal trends of drought characteristics in South Korea to examine drought impacts under climate change. First, the changes of drought occurrence were analyzed by applying the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) for meteorological data on 54 meteorological stations, and were analyzed for the past 30 years (1981-2010), and Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) climate change scenarios (2011-2100). Second, the changes on the temporal trends of drought characteristics were performed using run theory, which was used to compare drought duration, severity, and magnitude to allow for quantitative evaluations under past and future climate conditions. These results show the high influence of climate change on drought phenomenon, and will contribute to water resources management and drought countermeasures to climate change.
The Effect of Stocking Density on the Behaviour of Broiler Chickens
David G. Thomas,Jang Ho Son,Velmurugu Ravindran,Donald V. Thomas 韓國家禽學會 2011 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.38 No.1
A 35-day trial was conducted to examine the influence of floor density on the behaviour of broiler chickens. Day-old male broilers (n=756) were randomly assigned to one of four stocking densities (6 replicates of n=13, 25, 38 and 50) in 24 identical 2.6 ㎡ pens. These stocking densities were coded very low (VL), low (L), medium (M) and high (H) and contained a floor space allowance per bird of 2,000 ㎠, 1,000 ㎠, 667 ㎠ and 500 ㎠, respectively. Scan sampling of all groups was carried out at 15-min intervals during two 1-h periods (10.00 h~11.00 h and 14.00 h~15.00 h) for five days each week. The numbers of birds engaged in different behavioural activities were recorded. It was found that the most common behaviour in all densities was lying. There was no clear effect of density during wks 1~4 of the trial, but in wk 5 birds in the L, M and H groups showed lower levels (P=0.07) of lying behaviour when compared to birds in the VL group suggesting that an increase in animal density results in decreased opportunities for undisturbed rest. This observation is supported by standing and walking behaviour, which was lower (P<0.05) in the VL group in wk 5. Foraging behaviour measured in the study by the numbers of birds pecking the ground declined as the trial progressed, but scratching increased in 2 wk then decreased. Birds in the VL group showed higher (P<0.05) level of pecking the ground behaviour compared to birds in the L, M and H groups, but scratching behaviour higher (P<0.05) and lower (P<0.05) in VL of 1 wk and 2 wk respectively. However, a peak in aggressive behaviour was observed in wk 2 and birds in the VL group showed less (P<0.05) agonistic behaviour than birds in the H and M groups. Other behaviours (dustbathing, preening, eating or drinking) were not influenced (P>0.05) by stocking density.
김남호(Kim Nam Ho),(Donald E . Brown),(James C . French) 한국정보처리학회 1997 정보처리학회논문지 Vol.4 No.3
Performance of an algorithm can be measured from several aspects. Suppose there is a query formulation algorithm. Even though this algorithm shows high retrieval performance, i.e., high recall and precision, retrieving items can take a long time. In this study, we analyze the time complexity of automatic query reformulation algorithms, named the Query Tree, DNF method, and Dillon''s method, and compare them in theoretical and practical aspects using a real-time performance(the absolute times for each algorithm to formulate a query) in a Sun SparcStation 2. In experiments using three test sets, CACM, CISI, and Medlars, the Query Tree algorithm was the fastest among the three algorithms tested.
질의 재구성 알고리즘의 검색성능을 측정하기 위한 새로운 평가 방법의 개발
김남호(Kim Nam Ho),(James C . French),(Donald E . Brown) 한국정보처리학회 1997 정보처리학회논문지 Vol.4 No.4
In information retrieval, query reformulation algorithms construct queries from a set of initial input and feedback documents, and retrieval performance can be varied by different sets of input documents. In this study, we developed a criterion for measuring the performance sensitivity of query reformulation algorithms to input sets. In addition, we also propose a way of measuring the changes in retrieved area (CIRA) during query reformulation. We compared CIRAs of query reformulation algorithms (i.e., query tree, DNF method, and Dillon's method) using three test sets : the CACM. CISI, and Medlars. In the experiments, the query tree showed the highest decreasing CIRAs during reformulations, which means the fastest convergence rate to an output set. For sensitivity analysis, the query tree scored the highest sensitivity to different input sets even though its differences to the other algorithms are very small.